Tod principle of architecture

PRINCIPLE OF ARCHITECTURE Complied by : Manish Jain Gr. Floor , Ashoka apartment Bhawani Singh Road C-scheme , Jaipur -302001 Rajasthan ( INDIA) Ph. 91-0141-2743536 , 91-9829063132 Email: fdarchitect@gmail.com Web : www.frontdesk.co.in

THE GOLDEN RATIO Two quantities are in the golden ratio if the ratio of the sum of the quantities to the larger quantity is equal to the ratio of the larger quantity to the smaller one.

THE GOLDEN RATIO Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens. This ancient temple fits almost precisely into a golden rectangle.

THE GOLDEN SPIRAL Assume that rectangle ABCD is a Golden Rectangle. Hence, AD/AB =AE/ED. But, FE = AE, FE/ED= Phi. Hence, rectangle FCDE is a Golden Rectangle. We have two similar rectangles and so since Phi = AD/EF then BD/CE = Phi.

THE GOLDEN RATIO IN HUMAN BODY The first example of the golden ratio in the average human body is that when the distance between the navel and the foot is taken as 1 unit, the height of a human being is equivalent to 1.618. Some other golden proportions in the average human body are: The distance between the finger tip and the elbow / distance between the wrist and the elbow, The distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head / head length, The distance between the navel and the top of the head / the distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head, The distance between the navel and knee / distance between the knee and the end of the foot.

PRINCIPLE OF ARCHITECTURE AXIS SYMMETRY A Line established by two point in space about which form and spaces can be arranged in symmetrical and balanced manner The balanced distribution and arrangement of equivalent forms and spaces on opposite sides of dividing plane or about a center axis HIEARCHY The articulation of importance and significance of form or space by its size shape and placement relative to other forms and spaces of organization

PRINCIPLE OF ARCHITECTURE RHYTHM Unifying movement characterized by patterned repetition or alteration of formal elements or motifs in same or modified forms DATUM A line plane or volume that , by its continuity and regularity , serves together , measure and organize a pattern of form and spaces TRANSFORMATION The principle that an architectural concept or organization can be retained, strengthened and built upon through a series of discrete manipulation and transformations

AXIS INDUCE MOVMENT The axis is a linear condition , it has qualities of length and direction and induce movement and views along its path TERMINATION AT BOTH ENDS RENFORCED BY DEFINING EDGES ESTABLISHED BY SYMMERTICAL ARRANGEMENT

AXIS DARWIN D. MARTIN HOUSE & ESTATE : buffalo New York , 1904. Frank Lloyd Wright

AXIS Villa Madama , Rome 1517 , Raphael Sanzio

AXIS Northen Palace at masada , israel c.30-20B.C.

SYMMETRY Types of symmetry Bilateral Symmetry Radial Symmetry Balanced arrangement of equivalent elements about a common axis Equivalent elements balanced about Two or more axes that intersect at center point

Unity Church : oak park Illinois, 1906. Frank Lloyd Wright SYMMETRY

Great Stupa at Sanchi , india c.100B.C. SYMMETRY

Baths ( thermae) of Caracalla , Rome 211-17 AD SYMMETRY

Palace of Diocletain , Spalato ,Yugoslavia, c. A.D. 300 SYMMETRY

HIERARCHY Hierarchy Achieved by By SIZE BY SHAPE Dominate architectural composition by being significantly different in size Can be made visually dominate by clearly differentiating their shape from other By PLACEMENT Strategically placed to call attention to themselves as being the important elements in composition .

Villa Trissino in Meledo : Andrea Palladio HIERARCHY

LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY BUILDING , Capitol complex, Chandigarh , india 1956, Le corbusier HIERARCHY

DUBAR SQUARE, Patan , Nepal , Renovated 17 th century DATUM

DATUM Piazza san marco venice , italy,

DATUM Marin County Civic Center , San Rafael , California 1957 , Frank Lloyd Wright

DATUM Salvation Army Hostel , Paris , 1928-33 Le corbusier

R . H . Y . T.H.M. Rhythm refers to any movement by a patterned recurrence of elements or motifs at regular or irregular intervals . The movement may be of our eyes as we follow recurring elements in a composition.

REPETITION We tend to group elements in random composition according to Their closeness or proximity to one another The visual characteristics they share in common

REPETITION Unite’d’ habitation , Marseilles 1946-52, Le corbusier

REPETITION Jama Masjid , Gulbarga , India 1367

REPETITION Katsura imperial Villa , Kyoto , Japan , 17 th century

RHYTHM Pueblo Bonito , Chaco canyon USA 10 th -13 th Centuries

RHYTHM Victorian Facades , San Francisco street Multiple Rhythm can be laid over one another in the façade of building

RHYTHM Studies of internal Façade of a Basilica by Francesco Borromini

RHYTHM Church at Vuoksenniska , Finland , 1956 , Alvar Aalto

RHYTHM Culture Center , Wolfsburg Germany , 1948 -62 , Alvar Aalto

Library of mount angel, Oregon 1965-70 TRANSFORMATION Library , Seinajoki , Finland 1963-65 Library , Rovaniemi, Finland 1963-68 Scheme for 3 library By Alvar Aalto

TRANSFORMATION Cruciform Plan organization by FL Wright

Free Plan Organization , The-Ramp-in-a-Square , By Le Corbusier TRANSFORMATION

Tod principle of architecture

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Tod principle of architecture