Spock: Test Well and Prosper
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Spock is a testing framework written in Groovy that allows developers to write tests in a business readable domain specific language. It combines the benefits of specification-based testing and mock-based testing. Some key features of Spock include the ability to write feature methods with given, when, and then blocks; use fixtures for setup and cleanup; parameterize tests with data tables in where blocks; make assertions about interactions with mock objects; and write tests in a BDD style with descriptive language. Spock's tests are themselves a good source of documentation on how to write and use Spock tests.
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Spock: Test Well and Prosper
- 1. Spock I have been, and always shall be, your friendly testing framework
- 2. Who Am I? Ken Kousen Kousen IT, Inc. http://www.kousenit.com ken.kousen@kousenit.com @kenkousen Making Java Groovy http://manning.com/kousen
- 3. What is Spock? Testing framework Written in Groovy A logical framework for enterprise testing Combination of Specification + Mock
- 4. The Search for Spock Spock home page http://spockframework.org redirects to http://code.google.com/p/spock Github https://github.com/spockframework/spock
- 5. Create a Spock test Extend spock.lang.Specification class MySpec extends Specification
- 6. Simple Specification Demo: Palindrome Checker
- 7. Fixture Methods def setup() {} run before every feature method def cleanup() {} run after every feature method def setupSpec() {} run before first feature method def cleanupSpec() {} run after last feature method Like JUnit 4: @Before, @After, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass
- 8. Feature Methods Test methods def "descriptive name"() { // blocks }
- 9. Blocks setup: cleanup: given: when: Stimulus then: Response, booleans are checked expect: where:
- 10. when: and then: when: Contents are arbitrary then: conditions exceptions interactions (mocks described below) Always occur together
- 11. what they thought old Kirk old Method would look like Sweet method in Specification class expression value before where block when: obj.count() then: count == old(count) + 1 what he actually looks like
- 12. @Shared Annotation for shared objects Note: instance fields are not shared @Shared res = new VeryExpensiveResource() @Shared sql = Sql.newInstance(...)
- 14. are exceptions evil or just Exceptions goatees? thrown() and notThrown() then: thrown(SqlException) -- or -- SqlException e = thrown() e.sqlCode == ... Can do work after catching exception
- 15. Parameterized feature methods Tests that iterate through data Use where: clause expect: name.size() == length where: [name,length] << [['Kirk',4],['Spock',5]]
- 16. Data Table where: clause supports data tables expect: name.size() == length where: name | length Shouldn't Data run on Android? 'Kirk' | 4 'Spock' | 5 'McCoy' | 5
- 17. where: clause Supports anything Groovy can iterate over expect: x + y == z where: [x,y,z] << sql.rows('select x,y,z from ...')
- 18. @Unroll Display separate message for each row of data Spock 0.5: @Unroll({"...$var..."}) Spock 0.6+: @Unroll def "my test #var ..."() { ... }
- 19. Data Specs Demos: Hello, Spock! DataDriven DatabaseDriven StadiumLocationsSpec
- 20. Interactions Working with Mock objects interaction NO KILL I
- 21. Creating Mocks Two syntax options: def items = Mock(List) List items = Mock() Can mock interfaces with standard libs Mock classes with CGLIB
- 22. Setting Expectations Use >> operator list.get(0) >> 'data'
- 23. Global vs Local Global: Defined outside then: block Valid to end of feature method Local: Defined inside then: block Valid inside preceding when: block
- 24. Optional No cardinality Must have return value then: list.get(0) >> 'data'
- 25. Required Must have cardinality May have return value then: 1 * list.get(0) >> 'data' then: 3 * list.size()
- 26. Cardinalities Ranges with wildcard Wildcard is _ (underscore) 3 * list.size() // 3 times (3.._) * list.size() // 3 or more (_..3) * list.size() // up to 3
- 27. All sorts of constraints Regex Any set method with one arg pojo./set.*/(_) Nulls, not null pojo.method(!null)
- 28. All sorts of constraints as Operator dir.listFiles(_ as FileFilter) Closures count.increment { it ==~ /a*b/ }
- 29. Testing Invocation Order Use multiple then blocks def 'testing order of methods'() { when: obj.method() then: 1*collaborator.method1() then: 1*collaborator.method2() }
- 30. Interactions Demos: PublisherSubscriber TribbleSpec
- 32. @FailsWith Test fails with expected exception @FailsWith(TooFewInvocationsError) def "required interaction"() { def m = Mock(List) 2 * m.get(_) >> "foo" expect: m.get(3) == "foo" }
- 33. @FailsWith Parameters value=ExpectedExceptionOrError reason="reason for failure"
- 34. @Ignore and @IgnoreRest @Ignore Don't run a particular test or test class Optional value = reason @IgnoreRest Don't run any OTHER tests
- 35. interaction block Method in Specification class Takes closure argument def 'use interaction block'() { when: obj.method() then: interaction { // do whatever } }
- 36. BDD Behavior Driven Development Each block accepts string description Just documentation def "number of tribbles in storage compartment"() { given: "average litter of 10" and: "new generation every 12 hours over a period of three days" when: "tribbles get into storage compartments" then: "compute number of tribbles" }
- 37. Spock's Own Tests Like most modern open source projects Documentation can be thin or outdated Tests are excellent See "smoke" tests in source
- 38. Links http://github.com/spockframework/spock http://code.google.com/p/spock http://spockframework.org http://meet.spockframework.org http://groups.google.com/group/spockframework?pli=1 Source code for examples is from 1. spock-example project https://github.com/spockframework/spock-example 2. my GitHub repo https://github.com/kousen/Spock-NFJS-Article
- 39. Session Evals Please complete your session evals