Part VII of our free self-training slides on MySQL Cluster.
In this installment, we cover ’Management and Administration'
* Backup and Restore
* Geographical Redundancy
* Online and Offline Operations
* Ndbinfo tables
* Reporting
* Single User Mode
* Scaling MySQL Cluster
MySQL Enterprise Backup provides fast, consistent, online backups of MySQL databases. It allows for full and incremental backups, compressed backups to reduce storage needs, and point-in-time recovery. MySQL Enterprise Backup works by backing up InnoDB data files, copying and compressing the files, and backing up the transaction log files from the time period when the data files were copied. This allows for consistent backups and point-in-time recovery of the database.
This document provides a guide to MySQL performance tuning. It discusses identifying performance bottlenecks, measuring system resources like I/O, memory, and CPU, tuning MySQL settings like the key buffer size and InnoDB buffer pool size, and changing application queries and indexes to improve performance. Key steps include finding slow queries, enabling the slow query log, and profiling queries to identify optimization opportunities.
This document outlines topics covered in a MySQL Performance Tuning course. The introduction section provides an overview of MySQL, its products and tools, services and support, documentation, and certification. The performance tuning basics section discusses key concepts like measuring performance, identifying areas to tune like hardware, MySQL configuration, schema/queries, and application architecture. It emphasizes the importance of measurement to identify bottlenecks. The remaining sections cover specific tools and techniques for tuning different aspects of MySQL.
MySQL Performance Tuning: The Perfect Scalability (OOW2019)
This document discusses optimizing MySQL performance as data and concurrency increase. It covers horizontal and vertical scaling techniques as well as improvements for I/O-bound, CPU-bound, and network-bound workloads. Specific tuning techniques are proposed for areas like replication, query tuning, indexing, and Linux configuration settings like CPU affinity. The goal is to scale the database with minimal infrastructure adjustments to control operational costs.
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 2 IBM Spectrum Sca...
This document discusses quorum nodes in Spectrum Scale clusters and recovery from failures. It describes how quorum nodes determine the active cluster and prevent partitioning. The document outlines best practices for quorum nodes and provides steps to recover from loss of a quorum node majority or failure of the primary and secondary configuration servers.
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 3 Information Life...
IBM Spectrum Scale can help achieve ILM efficiencies through policy-driven, automated tiered storage management. The ILM toolkit manages file sets and storage pools and automates data management. Storage pools group similar disks and classify storage within a file system. File placement and management policies determine file placement and movement based on rules.
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 1 components archi...
The document provides instructions for installing and configuring Spectrum Scale 4.1. Key steps include: installing Spectrum Scale software on nodes; creating a cluster using mmcrcluster and designating primary/secondary servers; verifying the cluster status with mmlscluster; creating Network Shared Disks (NSDs); and creating a file system. The document also covers licensing, system requirements, and IBM and client responsibilities for installation and maintenance.
Database as a Service on the Oracle Database Appliance Platform
Speaker: Marc Fielding, Co-speaker: Maris Elsins.
Oracle Database Appliance provides a robust, highly-available, cost-effective, and surprisingly scalable platform for database as a service environment. By leveraging Oracle Enterprise Manager's self-service features, databases can be provisioned on a self-service basis to a cluster of Oracle Database Appliance machines. Discover how multiple ODA devices can be managed together to provide both high availability and incremental, cost-effective scalability. Hear real-world lessons learned from successful database consolidation implementations.
Spectrum Scale - Diversified analytic solution based on various storage servi...
This slides describe diversified analytic solutions based on Spectrum Scale with various deployment mode, such as storage rich-server, share storage, IBM DeepFlash 150 and Elastic Storage Server. It deep dives several advanced data management features and solutions for BD&A workload derived from Spectrum Scale.
This presentation will discuss best practices for designing and building a solid, robust and flexible Hadoop platform on an enterprise virtual infrastructure. Attendees will learn the flexibility and operational advantages of Virtual Machines such as fast provisioning, cloning, high levels of standardization, hybrid storage, vMotioning, increased stabilization of the entire software stack, High Availability and Fault Tolerance. This is a can`t miss presentation for anyone wanting to understand design, configuration and deployment of Hadoop in virtual infrastructures.
IBM Spectrum Scale can be used as both the source and destination for backup and archiving. As a source, Spectrum Scale data can be backed up to products like Spectrum Protect, Spectrum Archive, and third-party backup software. As a destination, Spectrum Protect can use Spectrum Scale and ESS storage for storing backed up or archived data, providing scalability, performance, and cost benefits over other solutions. Case studies demonstrate how large enterprises and regional hospital networks have consolidated backup infrastructure and improved availability, capacity, and backup/restore speeds by combining Spectrum Scale and Spectrum Protect.
This document provides an overview of MySQL high availability solutions including InnoDB Cluster and NDB Cluster. InnoDB Cluster allows setting up a highly available MySQL cluster with auto-sharding using Group Replication and MySQL Router for transparent application routing. NDB Cluster is a memory-optimized database for low-latency applications requiring high scalability and availability. MySQL Shell provides a unified interface for deploying, managing and monitoring these MySQL HA solutions.
This document discusses mixed workloads and why organizations consolidate servers and databases. It describes how instance caging can be used to partition CPU resources on a server among multiple database instances. Instance caging limits the number of Oracle processes that each database instance can use at one time, providing isolation. The document provides best practices for configuring instance caging and monitoring its throttling effects. It notes there may be additional aspects to consider for governing CPU usage within a consolidated database.
This webinar discusses 5 ways to avoid server and application downtime: 1) Protecting power, cooling, and network services; 2) Maintaining hardware availability through redundancy and virtualization; 3) Ensuring data availability, accessibility, and protection from corruption through backups, snapshots, and replication; 4) Addressing operating system issues and performance; 5) Maintaining application stability and proper configuration. It then describes how Neverfail and Neverfail SRMXtender help minimize downtime through real-time replication, application-aware protection and recovery, and integration with vSphere Site Recovery Manager.
The use of containers to simplify and speed the deployment and development of applications is taking off. Most container usage is around stateless micro-services, but data and transactions are key components of most applications.
This presentation reviews:
- The purpose of containers and their usage
- How to containerize your EDB Postgres deployment
- How to deal with issues of managing your database and storage
- How to set up a cluster for high availability
- How to build a container with the EDB Postgres Enterprise Manager Agent in the container
Target Audience:
This technical presentation is for DBAs, Data Architects, Developers, DevOps, IT Operations and anyone responsible for supporting a Postgres interested in learning about Containers. It is equally suitable for organizations using community PostgreSQL as well as EDB’s Postgres Plus product family.
To listen to the recording which includes a demonstration, visit EnterpriseDB > Resources > Webcasts
The objective of this presentation is to give Oracle DBAs the necessary background information to understand what is doable with MySQL and how to integrate MySQL instances into the Oracle world.
This document discusses handling massive writes for online transaction processing (OLTP) systems. It begins with an introduction and overview of the topics to be covered, including terminology, differences between massive reads versus writes, and potential solutions using relational databases, NoSQL databases, and code optimizations. Specific solutions discussed for massive writes include using memory, fast disks, caching, column-oriented databases, SQL tuning, database partitioning, reading from slaves, and sharding or splitting data across multiple databases. The document provides pros and cons of each approach and examples of performance improvements observed.
2015: Whats New in MySQL 5.7, At Oracle Open World, November 3rd, 2015
MySQL 5.7 includes many new features and improvements such as faster performance, easier configuration and management, and enhanced security. It provides benefits like increased speed for queries, replication, and data compression as well as new capabilities for JSON data, spatial indexing, and instrumentation. Oracle presented benchmarks showing MySQL 5.7 is up to 6 times faster than previous versions.
James Hetherington discusses the University of Nottingham's experiences with MySQL over time. They initially offered local hosting services with standalone MySQL databases, but faced issues with ownership and quality control. They later moved key services like their VLE to MySQL, choosing it over Oracle for preference of open source. While performance was initially erratic, engagement with Oracle support helped refine configurations. They now use solutions like MySQL Cluster and MySQL Enterprise Monitor for robust, scalable services. Next steps include upgrading more services and exploring security and high availability solutions.
The Novell File Management Suite is a solution that helps organizations intelligently manage file storage using identity-driven policies. It utilizes Novell Storage Manager to automate storage policies connected to user identity, Novell File Reporter for file discovery and reporting, and Novell Dynamic File Services for auto-tiering of data without impacting users. The suite helps control storage costs, understand data better, automate administration, and unlock hidden value in file systems.
The new Novell File Management Suite is drawing accolades from customers, analysts and industry watchers alike. This session will help you dive in and see exactly what the product can do for your organization. We'll focus on the product's capabilities and its many use cases. We'll also explore the way it can help you better understand your organization's storage usage and give you the tools to begin automating the management of storage resources.
Haytham ElFadeel presented on next-generation storage systems and key-value stores. He began with an overview of scalable systems and the need for both vertical and horizontal scalability. He discussed the limitations of traditional databases in scaling, including complexity, wasted features, and multi-step query processing. Key-value stores were presented as an alternative, offering simple interfaces and designs optimized for scaling across hundreds of machines. Performance comparisons showed key-value stores significantly outperforming databases. Systems discussed included Amazon Dynamo, Facebook Cassandra, and Redis.
MySQL At University Of Nottingham - 2018 MySQL Days
James Hetherington discusses the University of Nottingham's experiences with MySQL over time. They initially ran standalone MySQL databases across various systems before consolidating to centralized "database hosting" services using MySQL 5.0 in 2007. In 2012, they moved a key application to Moodle on MySQL. This worked well initially but had performance issues. Working with Oracle support improved the situation. They now use MySQL Enterprise editions with features like replication, monitoring, and clustering to power critical applications and services at scale. Moving forward, they aim to upgrade more systems to newer MySQL versions and explore additional MySQL and Oracle technologies and cloud platforms.
Novell Storage Manager: Your Secret Weapon for Simplified File and User Manag...
See how the popular Novell Storage Manager can help you manage file storage and user administration like never before. Leveraging user identities and roles, you can customize policies based on your business rules, thereby automating redundant tasks and reducing the heavy manual effort typically required for file management. Attend this session to hear from the experts on architecture, deployment patterns and how to get the most bang for your buck!
The document discusses why collecting comprehensive data center asset information is important. Current infrastructure documentation has gaps and is often outdated. Accurate asset data is key for initiatives like service level management, disaster recovery planning, and technology planning during data center changes or mergers and acquisitions. Traditional manual asset inventories are expensive, time-consuming, and result in inaccurate and outdated data. The NetworkSage asset discovery service employs an agent-less discovery process to gather a snapshot of comprehensive asset data quickly and with low impact, and stores the data in a configuration management database for ongoing decision support.
The document summarizes competitive advantages of MySQL compared to commercial and open source databases. It highlights that commercial databases have much higher total cost of ownership, are more complex, and have licensing restrictions. Express databases are found to have technical restrictions that prevent scaling. While other open source databases lack commercial backing and support. The document provides recommendations and questions to consider when evaluating MySQL against other database options.
The document discusses MySQL NDB 8.0 and high availability solutions for MySQL. It summarizes MySQL NDB Cluster, MySQL InnoDB Cluster, and MySQL Replication as high availability solutions. It also discusses features and performance of MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0, including linear scalability, predictable low-latency performance, and improved backup throughput.
This document provides an overview of SQL Server clustering for beginners. It introduces SQL Server clustering, including what it is, why it is used, who supports it, and whether it is suitable. It also outlines an agenda covering introduction to clustering, demonstrations, installation, administration, problems, and disaster planning. The presenter's qualifications and contact details are provided.
Oracle MySQL Tutorial -- MySQL NoSQL Cloud Buenos Aires Nov, 13 2014
The document discusses Oracle MySQL Enterprise Edition. It provides an overview of Oracle's investment and innovation in the MySQL ecosystem over the past 5 years. It then covers various features and components of MySQL Enterprise Edition including replication, storage engines, scalability, high availability, security, monitoring, backup and integration with Oracle technologies.
MySQL's 2008-2009 roadmap included:
(1) Enhancements to MySQL Server, including new storage engines, partitioning, and performance improvements.
(2) New tools like MySQL Load Balancer and Query Analyzer to help customers scale their applications and diagnose performance issues.
(3) Ongoing development of MySQL Cluster and features for the MySQL 6.0 release focused on subquery optimization, foreign keys, and online backup/restore.
A Survey of Advanced Non-relational Database Systems: Approaches and Applicat...
This document summarizes a survey of advanced non-relational database systems, their approaches, applications, and comparison to relational database management systems (RDBMS). It outlines the problem of scaling to meet new web-scale demands, describes how non-relational databases provide a solution by sacrificing consistency for availability and partition tolerance. Examples of non-relational databases are provided, including their data models, APIs, optimizations, and benefits compared to RDBMS such as improved scalability and fault tolerance.
Introduction to MySQL, and its features with an explanation of the various processes that should be followed in order to have an efficient MySQL implementation.
Oracle's strategy for MySQL is to make it a complete, open, and integrated part of their product portfolio. Key points include continued investment in MySQL to improve performance, scalability, and integration with other Oracle products. MySQL 5.5 offers significant performance gains over previous versions.
This webinar aims to equip Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) with the knowledge and tools to differentiate themselves from hyperscalers by offering a Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) solution. The session will introduce and demonstrate CCX, a drop-in, premium DBaaS designed for rapid adoption.
Learn more about CCX for CSPs here: https://bit.ly/3VabiDr
DIY DBaaS: A guide to building your own full-featured DBaaS
More so than ever, businesses need to ensure that their databases are resilient, secure, and always available to support their operations. Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) solutions have become a popular way for organizations to manage their databases efficiently, leveraging cloud infrastructure and advanced set-and-forget automation.
However, consuming DBaaS from providers comes with many compromises. In this guide, we’ll show you how you can build your own flexible DBaaS, your way. We’ll demonstrate how it is possible to get the full spectrum of DBaaS capabilities along with workload access and portability, and avoid surrendering control to a third-party.
From architectural and design considerations to operational requirements, we’ll take you through the process step-by-step, providing all the necessary information and guidance to help you build a DBaaS solution that is tailor-made to your unique use case. So get ready to dive in and learn how to build your own custom DBaaS solution from scratch!
We created this guide to help developers understand:
- Traditional vs. Sovereign DBaaS implementation models
- The DBaaS environment, elements and design principles
- Using a Day 2 operations framework to develop your blueprint
- The 8 key operations that form the foundation of a complete DBaaS
- Bringing the Day 2 ops framework to life with a provisional architecture
- How you can abstract the orchestration layer with Severalnines solutions
Sovereign DBaaS is a new way to do DBaaS that allows you to reliably scale your open-source database ops without being limited to a specific environment or ceding control of your infrastructure to third-party service providers.
With Sovereign DBaaS, users can leverage the benefits of modern deployment strategies, e.g. public cloud, hybrid, etc., with additional security, compliance, and risk mitigation. So what exactly is Sovereign DBaaS and why should you choose one?
Presented by Sanjeev Mohan, Principal Analyst at SanjMo and former Gartner Research VP, and Vinay Joosery, CEO of Severalnines, this webinar dives into the future of the cloud and database management and introduces a new solution, Sovereign DBaaS.
The state of the cloud and its current challenges
What is Sovereign DBaaS?
Agenda:
- Key features of Sovereign DBaaS
- Why you should choose a Sovereign DBaaS
- How you can implement Sovereign DBaaS with Severalnines
- Q&A
Tips to drive maria db cluster performance for nextcloud
200
● SSD
2000
● NVMe
4000
Tune for your hardware. Higher is better but avoid over-committing IOPS.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit 1 Flush logs at each transaction commit for ACID compliance.
innodb_log_buffer_size 16M-64M Default is 8M. Increase for more transactions per second.
innodb_log_file_size 1G Default is 48M. Increase for more transactions per second.
innodb_flush_method O_DIRECT Bypass OS cache for better durability.
innodb_thread_concurrency 0 Allow InnoDB to manage thread concurrency level.
Managing the database behind Moodle is key to improving performance and achieving uptime for your users. In this training video we will talk about the Moodle database including topics like configuration, monitoring, and schema management as well as show you how ClusterControl can help with the management of your eLearning LMS systems.
SysAdmin Working from Home? Tips to Automate MySQL, MariaDB, Postgres & MongoDB
Are you an SysAdmin who is now responsible for your companies database operations? Then this is the webinar for you. Learn from a Senior DBA the basics you need to know to keep things up-and-running and how automation can help.
(slides) Polyglot persistence: utilizing open source databases as a Swiss poc...
This document discusses polyglot persistence, which is using multiple specialized databases rather than a single general-purpose database. It provides examples of VidaXL's use of polyglot persistence, including MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, SOLR, Elasticsearch, MongoDB, Couchbase, and Prometheus. The benefits discussed are using the right database for each job and gaining flexibility as the company transitioned to microservices. Challenges included increased complexity, and solutions involved automation, tooling, and hiring database experts.
Webinar slides: How to Migrate from Oracle DB to MariaDB
This document provides an overview and agenda for a webinar on migrating from Oracle DB to MariaDB. The webinar will cover why organizations are moving to open source databases, the benefits of migrating to MariaDB from Oracle, how to plan and execute the migration process, and post-migration management topics like monitoring, backups, high availability, and scaling in MariaDB. The presentation will include discussions of data type mapping, enabling PL/SQL syntax in MariaDB, available migration tools, and testing approaches.
Webinar slides: How to Automate & Manage PostgreSQL with ClusterControl
Running PostgreSQL in production comes with the responsibility for a business critical environment; this includes high availability, disaster recovery, and performance. Ops staff worry whether databases are up and running, if backups are taken and tested for integrity, whether there are performance problems that might affect end user experience, if failover will work properly in case of server failure without breaking applications, and the list goes on.
ClusterControl can be used to operationalize your PostgreSQL footprint across your enterprise. It offers a standard way of deploying high-availability replication setups with auto-failover, integrated with load balancers offering a single endpoint to applications. It provides constant health and performance monitoring through rich dashboards, as well as backup management and point-in-time recovery
See how much time and effort can be saved, as well as risks mitigated, with the help of a unified management platform over the more traditional, manual methods.
We’ve seen a 152% increase in ClusterControl installations by PostgreSQL users last year, so make sure you don’t miss out on the trend!
AGENDA
- Managing PostgreSQL “the old way”:
- Common challenges
- Important tasks to perform
- Tools that are available to help
- PostgreSQL automation and management with ClusterControl:
- Deployment
- Backup and recovery
- HA setups
- Failover
- Monitoring
- Live Demo
SPEAKER
Sebastian Insausti, Support Engineer at Severalnines, has loved technology since his childhood, when he did his first computer course (Windows 3.11). And from that moment he was decided on what his profession would be. He has since built up experience with MySQL, PostgreSQL, HAProxy, WAF (ModSecurity), Linux (RedHat, CentOS, OL, Ubuntu server), Monitoring (Nagios), Networking and Virtualization (VMWare, Proxmox, Hyper-V, RHEV).
Prior to joining Severalnines, Sebastian worked as a consultant to state companies in security, database replication and high availability scenarios. He’s also a speaker and has given a few talks locally on InnoDB Cluster and MySQL Enterprise together with an Oracle team. Previous to that, he worked for a Mexican company as chief of sysadmin department as well as for a local ISP (Internet Service Provider), where he managed customers' servers and connectivity.
Slides presented at Great Indian Developer Summit 2016 at the session MySQL: What's new on April 29 2016.
Contains information about the new MySQL Document Store released in April 2016.
This presentation was written by Wagner Bianchi for the presentation on the Oracle Consulting Team/Professional Services meeting that took place in San Francisco/CA.
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 5 ess gnr-usecases...xKinAnx
This document provides an overview of Spectrum Scale 4.1 system administration. It describes the Elastic Storage Server options and components, Spectrum Scale native RAID (GNR), and tips for best practices. GNR implements sophisticated data placement and error correction algorithms using software RAID to provide high reliability and performance without additional hardware. It features auto-rebalancing, low rebuild overhead through declustering, and end-to-end data checksumming.
MySQL Enterprise Backup provides fast, consistent, online backups of MySQL databases. It allows for full and incremental backups, compressed backups to reduce storage needs, and point-in-time recovery. MySQL Enterprise Backup works by backing up InnoDB data files, copying and compressing the files, and backing up the transaction log files from the time period when the data files were copied. This allows for consistent backups and point-in-time recovery of the database.
This document provides a guide to MySQL performance tuning. It discusses identifying performance bottlenecks, measuring system resources like I/O, memory, and CPU, tuning MySQL settings like the key buffer size and InnoDB buffer pool size, and changing application queries and indexes to improve performance. Key steps include finding slow queries, enabling the slow query log, and profiling queries to identify optimization opportunities.
This document outlines topics covered in a MySQL Performance Tuning course. The introduction section provides an overview of MySQL, its products and tools, services and support, documentation, and certification. The performance tuning basics section discusses key concepts like measuring performance, identifying areas to tune like hardware, MySQL configuration, schema/queries, and application architecture. It emphasizes the importance of measurement to identify bottlenecks. The remaining sections cover specific tools and techniques for tuning different aspects of MySQL.
MySQL Performance Tuning: The Perfect Scalability (OOW2019)Mirko Ortensi
This document discusses optimizing MySQL performance as data and concurrency increase. It covers horizontal and vertical scaling techniques as well as improvements for I/O-bound, CPU-bound, and network-bound workloads. Specific tuning techniques are proposed for areas like replication, query tuning, indexing, and Linux configuration settings like CPU affinity. The goal is to scale the database with minimal infrastructure adjustments to control operational costs.
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 2 IBM Spectrum Sca...xKinAnx
This document discusses quorum nodes in Spectrum Scale clusters and recovery from failures. It describes how quorum nodes determine the active cluster and prevent partitioning. The document outlines best practices for quorum nodes and provides steps to recover from loss of a quorum node majority or failure of the primary and secondary configuration servers.
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 3 Information Life...xKinAnx
IBM Spectrum Scale can help achieve ILM efficiencies through policy-driven, automated tiered storage management. The ILM toolkit manages file sets and storage pools and automates data management. Storage pools group similar disks and classify storage within a file system. File placement and management policies determine file placement and movement based on rules.
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 1 components archi...xKinAnx
The document provides instructions for installing and configuring Spectrum Scale 4.1. Key steps include: installing Spectrum Scale software on nodes; creating a cluster using mmcrcluster and designating primary/secondary servers; verifying the cluster status with mmlscluster; creating Network Shared Disks (NSDs); and creating a file system. The document also covers licensing, system requirements, and IBM and client responsibilities for installation and maintenance.
Database as a Service on the Oracle Database Appliance PlatformMaris Elsins
Speaker: Marc Fielding, Co-speaker: Maris Elsins.
Oracle Database Appliance provides a robust, highly-available, cost-effective, and surprisingly scalable platform for database as a service environment. By leveraging Oracle Enterprise Manager's self-service features, databases can be provisioned on a self-service basis to a cluster of Oracle Database Appliance machines. Discover how multiple ODA devices can be managed together to provide both high availability and incremental, cost-effective scalability. Hear real-world lessons learned from successful database consolidation implementations.
Spectrum Scale - Diversified analytic solution based on various storage servi...Wei Gong
This slides describe diversified analytic solutions based on Spectrum Scale with various deployment mode, such as storage rich-server, share storage, IBM DeepFlash 150 and Elastic Storage Server. It deep dives several advanced data management features and solutions for BD&A workload derived from Spectrum Scale.
This presentation will discuss best practices for designing and building a solid, robust and flexible Hadoop platform on an enterprise virtual infrastructure. Attendees will learn the flexibility and operational advantages of Virtual Machines such as fast provisioning, cloning, high levels of standardization, hybrid storage, vMotioning, increased stabilization of the entire software stack, High Availability and Fault Tolerance. This is a can`t miss presentation for anyone wanting to understand design, configuration and deployment of Hadoop in virtual infrastructures.
Ibm spectrum scale_backup_n_archive_v03_ashAshutosh Mate
IBM Spectrum Scale can be used as both the source and destination for backup and archiving. As a source, Spectrum Scale data can be backed up to products like Spectrum Protect, Spectrum Archive, and third-party backup software. As a destination, Spectrum Protect can use Spectrum Scale and ESS storage for storing backed up or archived data, providing scalability, performance, and cost benefits over other solutions. Case studies demonstrate how large enterprises and regional hospital networks have consolidated backup infrastructure and improved availability, capacity, and backup/restore speeds by combining Spectrum Scale and Spectrum Protect.
This document provides an overview of MySQL high availability solutions including InnoDB Cluster and NDB Cluster. InnoDB Cluster allows setting up a highly available MySQL cluster with auto-sharding using Group Replication and MySQL Router for transparent application routing. NDB Cluster is a memory-optimized database for low-latency applications requiring high scalability and availability. MySQL Shell provides a unified interface for deploying, managing and monitoring these MySQL HA solutions.
This document discusses mixed workloads and why organizations consolidate servers and databases. It describes how instance caging can be used to partition CPU resources on a server among multiple database instances. Instance caging limits the number of Oracle processes that each database instance can use at one time, providing isolation. The document provides best practices for configuring instance caging and monitoring its throttling effects. It notes there may be additional aspects to consider for governing CPU usage within a consolidated database.
5 Ways to Avoid Server and Application DowntimeNeverfail Group
This webinar discusses 5 ways to avoid server and application downtime: 1) Protecting power, cooling, and network services; 2) Maintaining hardware availability through redundancy and virtualization; 3) Ensuring data availability, accessibility, and protection from corruption through backups, snapshots, and replication; 4) Addressing operating system issues and performance; 5) Maintaining application stability and proper configuration. It then describes how Neverfail and Neverfail SRMXtender help minimize downtime through real-time replication, application-aware protection and recovery, and integration with vSphere Site Recovery Manager.
The use of containers to simplify and speed the deployment and development of applications is taking off. Most container usage is around stateless micro-services, but data and transactions are key components of most applications.
This presentation reviews:
- The purpose of containers and their usage
- How to containerize your EDB Postgres deployment
- How to deal with issues of managing your database and storage
- How to set up a cluster for high availability
- How to build a container with the EDB Postgres Enterprise Manager Agent in the container
Target Audience:
This technical presentation is for DBAs, Data Architects, Developers, DevOps, IT Operations and anyone responsible for supporting a Postgres interested in learning about Containers. It is equally suitable for organizations using community PostgreSQL as well as EDB’s Postgres Plus product family.
To listen to the recording which includes a demonstration, visit EnterpriseDB > Resources > Webcasts
The objective of this presentation is to give Oracle DBAs the necessary background information to understand what is doable with MySQL and how to integrate MySQL instances into the Oracle world.
This document discusses handling massive writes for online transaction processing (OLTP) systems. It begins with an introduction and overview of the topics to be covered, including terminology, differences between massive reads versus writes, and potential solutions using relational databases, NoSQL databases, and code optimizations. Specific solutions discussed for massive writes include using memory, fast disks, caching, column-oriented databases, SQL tuning, database partitioning, reading from slaves, and sharding or splitting data across multiple databases. The document provides pros and cons of each approach and examples of performance improvements observed.
2015: Whats New in MySQL 5.7, At Oracle Open World, November 3rd, 2015 Geir Høydalsvik
MySQL 5.7 includes many new features and improvements such as faster performance, easier configuration and management, and enhanced security. It provides benefits like increased speed for queries, replication, and data compression as well as new capabilities for JSON data, spatial indexing, and instrumentation. Oracle presented benchmarks showing MySQL 5.7 is up to 6 times faster than previous versions.
James Hetherington discusses the University of Nottingham's experiences with MySQL over time. They initially offered local hosting services with standalone MySQL databases, but faced issues with ownership and quality control. They later moved key services like their VLE to MySQL, choosing it over Oracle for preference of open source. While performance was initially erratic, engagement with Oracle support helped refine configurations. They now use solutions like MySQL Cluster and MySQL Enterprise Monitor for robust, scalable services. Next steps include upgrading more services and exploring security and high availability solutions.
The Novell File Management Suite is a solution that helps organizations intelligently manage file storage using identity-driven policies. It utilizes Novell Storage Manager to automate storage policies connected to user identity, Novell File Reporter for file discovery and reporting, and Novell Dynamic File Services for auto-tiering of data without impacting users. The suite helps control storage costs, understand data better, automate administration, and unlock hidden value in file systems.
The new Novell File Management Suite is drawing accolades from customers, analysts and industry watchers alike. This session will help you dive in and see exactly what the product can do for your organization. We'll focus on the product's capabilities and its many use cases. We'll also explore the way it can help you better understand your organization's storage usage and give you the tools to begin automating the management of storage resources.
Haytham ElFadeel presented on next-generation storage systems and key-value stores. He began with an overview of scalable systems and the need for both vertical and horizontal scalability. He discussed the limitations of traditional databases in scaling, including complexity, wasted features, and multi-step query processing. Key-value stores were presented as an alternative, offering simple interfaces and designs optimized for scaling across hundreds of machines. Performance comparisons showed key-value stores significantly outperforming databases. Systems discussed included Amazon Dynamo, Facebook Cassandra, and Redis.
MySQL At University Of Nottingham - 2018 MySQL DaysMark Swarbrick
James Hetherington discusses the University of Nottingham's experiences with MySQL over time. They initially ran standalone MySQL databases across various systems before consolidating to centralized "database hosting" services using MySQL 5.0 in 2007. In 2012, they moved a key application to Moodle on MySQL. This worked well initially but had performance issues. Working with Oracle support improved the situation. They now use MySQL Enterprise editions with features like replication, monitoring, and clustering to power critical applications and services at scale. Moving forward, they aim to upgrade more systems to newer MySQL versions and explore additional MySQL and Oracle technologies and cloud platforms.
Novell Storage Manager: Your Secret Weapon for Simplified File and User Manag...Novell
See how the popular Novell Storage Manager can help you manage file storage and user administration like never before. Leveraging user identities and roles, you can customize policies based on your business rules, thereby automating redundant tasks and reducing the heavy manual effort typically required for file management. Attend this session to hear from the experts on architecture, deployment patterns and how to get the most bang for your buck!
The document discusses why collecting comprehensive data center asset information is important. Current infrastructure documentation has gaps and is often outdated. Accurate asset data is key for initiatives like service level management, disaster recovery planning, and technology planning during data center changes or mergers and acquisitions. Traditional manual asset inventories are expensive, time-consuming, and result in inaccurate and outdated data. The NetworkSage asset discovery service employs an agent-less discovery process to gather a snapshot of comprehensive asset data quickly and with low impact, and stores the data in a configuration management database for ongoing decision support.
The document summarizes competitive advantages of MySQL compared to commercial and open source databases. It highlights that commercial databases have much higher total cost of ownership, are more complex, and have licensing restrictions. Express databases are found to have technical restrictions that prevent scaling. While other open source databases lack commercial backing and support. The document provides recommendations and questions to consider when evaluating MySQL against other database options.
The document discusses MySQL NDB 8.0 and high availability solutions for MySQL. It summarizes MySQL NDB Cluster, MySQL InnoDB Cluster, and MySQL Replication as high availability solutions. It also discusses features and performance of MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0, including linear scalability, predictable low-latency performance, and improved backup throughput.
This document provides an overview of SQL Server clustering for beginners. It introduces SQL Server clustering, including what it is, why it is used, who supports it, and whether it is suitable. It also outlines an agenda covering introduction to clustering, demonstrations, installation, administration, problems, and disaster planning. The presenter's qualifications and contact details are provided.
Oracle MySQL Tutorial -- MySQL NoSQL Cloud Buenos Aires Nov, 13 2014Manuel Contreras
The document discusses Oracle MySQL Enterprise Edition. It provides an overview of Oracle's investment and innovation in the MySQL ecosystem over the past 5 years. It then covers various features and components of MySQL Enterprise Edition including replication, storage engines, scalability, high availability, security, monitoring, backup and integration with Oracle technologies.
MySQL's 2008-2009 roadmap included:
(1) Enhancements to MySQL Server, including new storage engines, partitioning, and performance improvements.
(2) New tools like MySQL Load Balancer and Query Analyzer to help customers scale their applications and diagnose performance issues.
(3) Ongoing development of MySQL Cluster and features for the MySQL 6.0 release focused on subquery optimization, foreign keys, and online backup/restore.
A Survey of Advanced Non-relational Database Systems: Approaches and Applicat...Qian Lin
This document summarizes a survey of advanced non-relational database systems, their approaches, applications, and comparison to relational database management systems (RDBMS). It outlines the problem of scaling to meet new web-scale demands, describes how non-relational databases provide a solution by sacrificing consistency for availability and partition tolerance. Examples of non-relational databases are provided, including their data models, APIs, optimizations, and benefits compared to RDBMS such as improved scalability and fault tolerance.
Introduction to MySQL, and its features with an explanation of the various processes that should be followed in order to have an efficient MySQL implementation.
Oracle's strategy for MySQL is to make it a complete, open, and integrated part of their product portfolio. Key points include continued investment in MySQL to improve performance, scalability, and integration with other Oracle products. MySQL 5.5 offers significant performance gains over previous versions.
Similar to Severalnines Self-Training: MySQL® Cluster - Part VII (20)
LIVE DEMO: CCX for CSPs, a drop-in DBaaS solutionSeveralnines
This webinar aims to equip Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) with the knowledge and tools to differentiate themselves from hyperscalers by offering a Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) solution. The session will introduce and demonstrate CCX, a drop-in, premium DBaaS designed for rapid adoption.
Learn more about CCX for CSPs here: https://bit.ly/3VabiDr
DIY DBaaS: A guide to building your own full-featured DBaaSSeveralnines
More so than ever, businesses need to ensure that their databases are resilient, secure, and always available to support their operations. Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) solutions have become a popular way for organizations to manage their databases efficiently, leveraging cloud infrastructure and advanced set-and-forget automation.
However, consuming DBaaS from providers comes with many compromises. In this guide, we’ll show you how you can build your own flexible DBaaS, your way. We’ll demonstrate how it is possible to get the full spectrum of DBaaS capabilities along with workload access and portability, and avoid surrendering control to a third-party.
From architectural and design considerations to operational requirements, we’ll take you through the process step-by-step, providing all the necessary information and guidance to help you build a DBaaS solution that is tailor-made to your unique use case. So get ready to dive in and learn how to build your own custom DBaaS solution from scratch!
We created this guide to help developers understand:
- Traditional vs. Sovereign DBaaS implementation models
- The DBaaS environment, elements and design principles
- Using a Day 2 operations framework to develop your blueprint
- The 8 key operations that form the foundation of a complete DBaaS
- Bringing the Day 2 ops framework to life with a provisional architecture
- How you can abstract the orchestration layer with Severalnines solutions
Cloud's future runs through Sovereign DBaaSSeveralnines
Sovereign DBaaS is a new way to do DBaaS that allows you to reliably scale your open-source database ops without being limited to a specific environment or ceding control of your infrastructure to third-party service providers.
With Sovereign DBaaS, users can leverage the benefits of modern deployment strategies, e.g. public cloud, hybrid, etc., with additional security, compliance, and risk mitigation. So what exactly is Sovereign DBaaS and why should you choose one?
Presented by Sanjeev Mohan, Principal Analyst at SanjMo and former Gartner Research VP, and Vinay Joosery, CEO of Severalnines, this webinar dives into the future of the cloud and database management and introduces a new solution, Sovereign DBaaS.
The state of the cloud and its current challenges
What is Sovereign DBaaS?
Agenda:
- Key features of Sovereign DBaaS
- Why you should choose a Sovereign DBaaS
- How you can implement Sovereign DBaaS with Severalnines
- Q&A
Tips to drive maria db cluster performance for nextcloudSeveralnines
200
● SSD
2000
● NVMe
4000
Tune for your hardware. Higher is better but avoid over-committing IOPS.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit 1 Flush logs at each transaction commit for ACID compliance.
innodb_log_buffer_size 16M-64M Default is 8M. Increase for more transactions per second.
innodb_log_file_size 1G Default is 48M. Increase for more transactions per second.
innodb_flush_method O_DIRECT Bypass OS cache for better durability.
innodb_thread_concurrency 0 Allow InnoDB to manage thread concurrency level.
Working with the Moodle Database: The BasicsSeveralnines
Managing the database behind Moodle is key to improving performance and achieving uptime for your users. In this training video we will talk about the Moodle database including topics like configuration, monitoring, and schema management as well as show you how ClusterControl can help with the management of your eLearning LMS systems.
SysAdmin Working from Home? Tips to Automate MySQL, MariaDB, Postgres & MongoDBSeveralnines
Are you an SysAdmin who is now responsible for your companies database operations? Then this is the webinar for you. Learn from a Senior DBA the basics you need to know to keep things up-and-running and how automation can help.
(slides) Polyglot persistence: utilizing open source databases as a Swiss poc...Severalnines
This document discusses polyglot persistence, which is using multiple specialized databases rather than a single general-purpose database. It provides examples of VidaXL's use of polyglot persistence, including MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, SOLR, Elasticsearch, MongoDB, Couchbase, and Prometheus. The benefits discussed are using the right database for each job and gaining flexibility as the company transitioned to microservices. Challenges included increased complexity, and solutions involved automation, tooling, and hiring database experts.
Webinar slides: How to Migrate from Oracle DB to MariaDBSeveralnines
This document provides an overview and agenda for a webinar on migrating from Oracle DB to MariaDB. The webinar will cover why organizations are moving to open source databases, the benefits of migrating to MariaDB from Oracle, how to plan and execute the migration process, and post-migration management topics like monitoring, backups, high availability, and scaling in MariaDB. The presentation will include discussions of data type mapping, enabling PL/SQL syntax in MariaDB, available migration tools, and testing approaches.
Webinar slides: How to Automate & Manage PostgreSQL with ClusterControlSeveralnines
Running PostgreSQL in production comes with the responsibility for a business critical environment; this includes high availability, disaster recovery, and performance. Ops staff worry whether databases are up and running, if backups are taken and tested for integrity, whether there are performance problems that might affect end user experience, if failover will work properly in case of server failure without breaking applications, and the list goes on.
ClusterControl can be used to operationalize your PostgreSQL footprint across your enterprise. It offers a standard way of deploying high-availability replication setups with auto-failover, integrated with load balancers offering a single endpoint to applications. It provides constant health and performance monitoring through rich dashboards, as well as backup management and point-in-time recovery
See how much time and effort can be saved, as well as risks mitigated, with the help of a unified management platform over the more traditional, manual methods.
We’ve seen a 152% increase in ClusterControl installations by PostgreSQL users last year, so make sure you don’t miss out on the trend!
AGENDA
- Managing PostgreSQL “the old way”:
- Common challenges
- Important tasks to perform
- Tools that are available to help
- PostgreSQL automation and management with ClusterControl:
- Deployment
- Backup and recovery
- HA setups
- Failover
- Monitoring
- Live Demo
SPEAKER
Sebastian Insausti, Support Engineer at Severalnines, has loved technology since his childhood, when he did his first computer course (Windows 3.11). And from that moment he was decided on what his profession would be. He has since built up experience with MySQL, PostgreSQL, HAProxy, WAF (ModSecurity), Linux (RedHat, CentOS, OL, Ubuntu server), Monitoring (Nagios), Networking and Virtualization (VMWare, Proxmox, Hyper-V, RHEV).
Prior to joining Severalnines, Sebastian worked as a consultant to state companies in security, database replication and high availability scenarios. He’s also a speaker and has given a few talks locally on InnoDB Cluster and MySQL Enterprise together with an Oracle team. Previous to that, he worked for a Mexican company as chief of sysadmin department as well as for a local ISP (Internet Service Provider), where he managed customers' servers and connectivity.
Webinar slides: How to Manage Replication Failover Processes for MySQL, Maria...Severalnines
Failover is the process of moving to a healthy standby component, during a failure or maintenance event, in order to preserve uptime. The quicker it can be done, the faster you can be back online. However, failover can be tricky for transactional database systems as we strive to preserve data integrity - especially in asynchronous or semi-synchronous topologies. There are risks associated, from diverging datasets to loss of data. Failing over due to incorrect reasoning, e.g., failed heartbeats in the case of network partitioning, can also cause significant harm.
This webinar replay gives a detailed overview of what failover processes may look like in MySQL, MariaDB and PostgreSQL replication setups. We’ve covered the dangers related to the failover process, and discuss the tradeoffs between failover speed and data integrity. We’ve found out about how to shield applications from database failures with the help of proxies. And we've finally had a look at how ClusterControl manages the failover process, and how it can be configured for both assisted and automated failover.
So if you’re looking at minimizing downtime and meet your SLAs through an automated or semi-automated approach, then this webinar replay is for you!
AGENDA
- An introduction to failover - what, when, how
- in MySQL / MariaDB
- in PostgreSQL
- To automate or not to automate
- Understanding the failover process
- Orchestrating failover across the whole HA stack
- Difficult problems
- Network partitioning
- Missed heartbeats
- Split brain
- From assisted to fully automated failover with ClusterControl
- Demo
SPEAKER
Krzysztof Książek, Senior Support Engineer at Severalnines, is a MySQL DBA with experience managing complex database environments for companies like Zendesk, Chegg, Pinterest and Flipboard.
What if …
- Traditional, labour-intensive backup and archive practices for your MySQL, MariaDB, MongoDB and PostgreSQL databases were a thing of the past?
- You could have one backup management solution for all your business data?
- You could ensure integrity of all your backups?
- You could leverage the competitive pricing and almost limitless capacity of cloud-based backup while meeting cost, manageability, and compliance requirements from the business.
Welcome to our webinar on Backup Management with ClusterControl.
ClusterControl’s centralized backup management for open source databases provides you with hot backups of large datasets, point in time recovery in a couple of clicks, at-rest and in-transit data encryption, data integrity via automatic restore verification, cloud backups (AWS, Google and Azure) for Disaster Recovery, retention policies to ensure compliance, and automated alerts and reporting.
Whether you are looking at rebuilding your existing backup infrastructure, or updating it, this webinar is for you!
AGENDA
- Backup and recovery management of local or remote databases
- Logical or physical backups
- Full or Incremental backups
- Position or time-based Point in Time Recovery (for MySQL and PostgreSQL)
- Upload to the cloud (Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, Azure Storage)
- Encryption of backup data
- Compression of backup data
- One centralized backup system for your open source databases (Demo)
- Schedule, manage and operate backups
- Define backup policies, retention, history
- Validation - Automatic restore verification
- Backup reporting
SPEAKER
Bartlomiej Oles, Senior Support Engineer at Severalnines, is a MySQL and Oracle DBA, with over 15 years experience in managing highly available production systems at IBM, Nordea Bank, Acxiom, Lufthansa, and other Fortune 500 companies. In the past five years, his focus has been on building and applying automation tools to manage multi-datacenter database environments.
Disaster Recovery Planning for MySQL & MariaDBSeveralnines
Bart Oles - Severalnines AB
Organizations need an appropriate disaster recovery plan to mitigate the impact of downtime. But how much should a business invest? Designing a highly available system comes at a cost, and not all businesses and indeed not all applications need five 9's availability.
We will explain fundamental disaster recovery concepts and walk you through the relevant options from the MySQL & MariaDB ecosystem to meet different tiers of disaster recovery requirements, and demonstrate how to automate an appropriate disaster recovery plan.
Krzysztof Ksiazek - Severalnines AB
So, you are a developer or sysadmin and showed some abilities in dealing with databases issues. And now, you have been elected to the role of DBA. And as you start managing the databases, you wonder…
* How do I tune them to make best use of the hardware?
* How do I optimize the Operating System?
* How do I best configure MySQL or MariaDB for a specific database workload?
If you're asking yourself the following questions when it comes to optimally running your MySQL or MariaDB databases, then this talk is for you!
We will discuss some of the settings that are most often tweaked and which can bring you significant improvement in the performance of your MySQL or MariaDB database. We will also cover some of the variables which are frequently modified even though they should not.
Performance tuning is not easy, especially if you're not an experienced DBA, but you can go a surprisingly long way with a few basic guidelines.
Performance Tuning Cheat Sheet for MongoDBSeveralnines
Bart Oles - Severalnines AB
Database performance affects organizational performance, and we tend to look for quick fixes when under stress. But how can we better understand our database workload and factors that may cause harm to it? What are the limitations in MongoDB that could potentially impact cluster performance?
In this talk, we will show you how to identify the factors that limit database performance. We will start with the free MongoDB Cloud monitoring tools. Then we will move on to log files and queries. To be able to achieve optimal use of hardware resources, we will take a look into kernel optimization and other crucial OS settings. Finally, we will look into how to examine performance of MongoDB replication.
Advanced MySql Data-at-Rest Encryption in Percona ServerSeveralnines
Iwo Panowicz - Percona & Bart Oles - Severalnines AB
The purpose of the talk is to present data-at-rest encryption implementation in Percona Server for MySQL.
Differences between Oracle's MySQL and MariaDB implementation.
- How it is implemented?
- What is encrypted:
- Tablespaces?
- General tablespace?
- Double write buffer/parallel double write buffer?
- Temporary tablespaces? (KEY BLOCKS)
- Binlogs?
- Slow/general/error logs?
- MyISAM? MyRocks? X?
- Performance overhead.
- Backups?
- Transportable tablespaces. Transfer key.
- Plugins
- Keyrings in general
- Key rotation?
- General-Purpose Keyring Key-Management Functions
- Keyring_file
- Is useful? How to make it profitable?
- Keyring Vault
- How does it work?
- How to make a transition from keyring_file
Polyglot Persistence Utilizing Open Source Databases as a Swiss Pocket KnifeSeveralnines
Art Van Scheppingen - vidaXL & Bart Oles - Severalnines AB
Over the past few years, VidaXL has become a European market leader in the online retail of slow moving consumer goods. When a company achieved over 50% year over year growth for the past 9 years, there is hardly enough time to overhaul existing systems. This means existing systems will be stretched to the maximum of their capabilities, and often additional performance will be gained by utilizing a large variety of datastores.
Polyglot persistence reigns in rapidly growing environments and the traditional one-size-fits-all strategy of monoglots is over.
VidaXL has a broad landscape of datastores, ranging from traditional SQL data stores, like MySQL or PostgreSQL alongside more recent load balancing technologies such as ProxySQL, to document stores like MongoDB and search engines such as SOLR and Elasticsearch.
Webinar slides: Free Monitoring (on Steroids) for MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL ...Severalnines
Traditional server monitoring tools are not built for modern distributed database architectures. Let’s face it, most production databases today run in some kind of high availability setup - from simpler master-slave replication to multi-master clusters fronted by redundant load balancers. Operations teams deal with dozens, often hundreds of services that make up the database environment.
This is why we built ClusterControl - to address modern, highly distributed database setups based on replication or clustering. We wanted something that could provide a systems view of all the components of a distributed cluster, including load balancers.
Watch this replay of a webinar on free database monitoring using ClusterControl Community Edition. We show you how to monitor all your MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL and MongoDB systems from a single point of control - whether they are deployed as Galera Clusters, sharded clusters or replication setups across on-prem and cloud data centers. We also see how to use Advisors in order to improve performance.
AGENDA
- Requirements for monitoring distributed database systems
- Cloud-based vs On-prem monitoring solutions
- Agent-based vs Agentless monitoring
- Deepdive into ClusterControl Community Edition
- Architecture
- Metrics Collection
- Trending
- Dashboards
- Queries
- Performance Advisors
- Other features available to Community users
SPEAKER
Bartlomiej Oles is a MySQL and Oracle DBA, with over 15 years experience in managing highly available production systems at IBM, Nordea Bank, Acxiom, Lufthansa, and other Fortune 500 companies. In the past five years, his focus has been on building and applying automation tools to manage multi-datacenter database environments.
Webinar slides: An Introduction to Performance Monitoring for PostgreSQLSeveralnines
To operate PostgreSQL efficiently, you need to have insight into database performance and make sure it is at optimal levels.
With that in mind, we dive into monitoring PostgreSQL for performance in this webinar replay.
PostgreSQL offers many metrics through various status overviews and commands, but which ones really matter to you? How do you trend and alert on them? What is the meaning behind the metrics? And what are some of the most common causes for performance problems in production?
We discuss this and more in ordinary, plain DBA language. We also have a look at some of the tools available for PostgreSQL monitoring and trending; and we’ll show you how to leverage ClusterControl’s PostgreSQL metrics, dashboards, custom alerting and other features to track and optimize the performance of your system.
AGENDA
- PostgreSQL architecture overview
- Performance problems in production
- Common causes
- Key PostgreSQL metrics and their meaning
- Tuning for performance
- Performance monitoring tools
- Impact of monitoring on performance
- How to use ClusterControl to identify performance issues
- Demo
SPEAKER
Sebastian Insausti, Support Engineer at Severalnines, has loved technology since his childhood, when he did his first computer course (Windows 3.11). And from that moment he was decided on what his profession would be. He has since built up experience with MySQL, PostgreSQL, HAProxy, WAF (ModSecurity), Linux (RedHat, CentOS, OL, Ubuntu server), Monitoring (Nagios), Networking and Virtualization (VMWare, Proxmox, Hyper-V, RHEV).
Prior to joining Severalnines, Sebastian worked as a consultant to state companies in security, database replication and high availability scenarios. He’s also a speaker and has given a few talks locally on InnoDB Cluster and MySQL Enterprise together with an Oracle team. Previous to that, he worked for a Mexican company as chief of sysadmin department as well as for a local ISP (Internet Service Provider), where he managed customers' servers and connectivity.
This webinar builds upon a related blog post by Sebastian: https://severalnines.com/blog/performance-cheat-sheet-postgresql.
論文紹介:A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering on Vision-Language Foundation ...Toru Tamaki
Jindong Gu, Zhen Han, Shuo Chen, Ahmad Beirami, Bailan He, Gengyuan Zhang, Ruotong Liao, Yao Qin, Volker Tresp, Philip Torr "A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering on Vision-Language Foundation Models" arXiv2023
https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.12980
How RPA Help in the Transportation and Logistics Industry.pptxSynapseIndia
Revolutionize your transportation processes with our cutting-edge RPA software. Automate repetitive tasks, reduce costs, and enhance efficiency in the logistics sector with our advanced solutions.
Quantum Communications Q&A with Gemini LLM. These are based on Shannon's Noisy channel Theorem and offers how the classical theory applies to the quantum world.
Comparison Table of DiskWarrior Alternatives.pdfAndrey Yasko
To help you choose the best DiskWarrior alternative, we've compiled a comparison table summarizing the features, pros, cons, and pricing of six alternatives.
YOUR RELIABLE WEB DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT TEAM — FOR LASTING SUCCESS
WPRiders is a web development company specialized in WordPress and WooCommerce websites and plugins for customers around the world. The company is headquartered in Bucharest, Romania, but our team members are located all over the world. Our customers are primarily from the US and Western Europe, but we have clients from Australia, Canada and other areas as well.
Some facts about WPRiders and why we are one of the best firms around:
More than 700 five-star reviews! You can check them here.
1500 WordPress projects delivered.
We respond 80% faster than other firms! Data provided by Freshdesk.
We’ve been in business since 2015.
We are located in 7 countries and have 22 team members.
With so many projects delivered, our team knows what works and what doesn’t when it comes to WordPress and WooCommerce.
Our team members are:
- highly experienced developers (employees & contractors with 5 -10+ years of experience),
- great designers with an eye for UX/UI with 10+ years of experience
- project managers with development background who speak both tech and non-tech
- QA specialists
- Conversion Rate Optimisation - CRO experts
They are all working together to provide you with the best possible service. We are passionate about WordPress, and we love creating custom solutions that help our clients achieve their goals.
At WPRiders, we are committed to building long-term relationships with our clients. We believe in accountability, in doing the right thing, as well as in transparency and open communication. You can read more about WPRiders on the About us page.
Scaling Connections in PostgreSQL Postgres Bangalore(PGBLR) Meetup-2 - MydbopsMydbops
This presentation, delivered at the Postgres Bangalore (PGBLR) Meetup-2 on June 29th, 2024, dives deep into connection pooling for PostgreSQL databases. Aakash M, a PostgreSQL Tech Lead at Mydbops, explores the challenges of managing numerous connections and explains how connection pooling optimizes performance and resource utilization.
Key Takeaways:
* Understand why connection pooling is essential for high-traffic applications
* Explore various connection poolers available for PostgreSQL, including pgbouncer
* Learn the configuration options and functionalities of pgbouncer
* Discover best practices for monitoring and troubleshooting connection pooling setups
* Gain insights into real-world use cases and considerations for production environments
This presentation is ideal for:
* Database administrators (DBAs)
* Developers working with PostgreSQL
* DevOps engineers
* Anyone interested in optimizing PostgreSQL performance
Contact info@mydbops.com for PostgreSQL Managed, Consulting and Remote DBA Services
Measuring the Impact of Network Latency at TwitterScyllaDB
Widya Salim and Victor Ma will outline the causal impact analysis, framework, and key learnings used to quantify the impact of reducing Twitter's network latency.
Sustainability requires ingenuity and stewardship. Did you know Pigging Solutions pigging systems help you achieve your sustainable manufacturing goals AND provide rapid return on investment.
How? Our systems recover over 99% of product in transfer piping. Recovering trapped product from transfer lines that would otherwise become flush-waste, means you can increase batch yields and eliminate flush waste. From raw materials to finished product, if you can pump it, we can pig it.
7 Most Powerful Solar Storms in the History of Earth.pdfEnterprise Wired
Solar Storms (Geo Magnetic Storms) are the motion of accelerated charged particles in the solar environment with high velocities due to the coronal mass ejection (CME).
Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Em...Erasmo Purificato
Slide of the tutorial entitled "Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Emerging Trends" held at UMAP'24: 32nd ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization (July 1, 2024 | Cagliari, Italy)
Best Practices for Effectively Running dbt in Airflow.pdfTatiana Al-Chueyr
As a popular open-source library for analytics engineering, dbt is often used in combination with Airflow. Orchestrating and executing dbt models as DAGs ensures an additional layer of control over tasks, observability, and provides a reliable, scalable environment to run dbt models.
This webinar will cover a step-by-step guide to Cosmos, an open source package from Astronomer that helps you easily run your dbt Core projects as Airflow DAGs and Task Groups, all with just a few lines of code. We’ll walk through:
- Standard ways of running dbt (and when to utilize other methods)
- How Cosmos can be used to run and visualize your dbt projects in Airflow
- Common challenges and how to address them, including performance, dependency conflicts, and more
- How running dbt projects in Airflow helps with cost optimization
Webinar given on 9 July 2024
INDIAN AIR FORCE FIGHTER PLANES LIST.pdfjackson110191
These fighter aircraft have uses outside of traditional combat situations. They are essential in defending India's territorial integrity, averting dangers, and delivering aid to those in need during natural calamities. Additionally, the IAF improves its interoperability and fortifies international military alliances by working together and conducting joint exercises with other air forces.
Best Programming Language for Civil EngineersAwais Yaseen
The integration of programming into civil engineering is transforming the industry. We can design complex infrastructure projects and analyse large datasets. Imagine revolutionizing the way we build our cities and infrastructure, all by the power of coding. Programming skills are no longer just a bonus—they’re a game changer in this era.
Technology is revolutionizing civil engineering by integrating advanced tools and techniques. Programming allows for the automation of repetitive tasks, enhancing the accuracy of designs, simulations, and analyses. With the advent of artificial intelligence and machine learning, engineers can now predict structural behaviors under various conditions, optimize material usage, and improve project planning.
Mitigating the Impact of State Management in Cloud Stream Processing SystemsScyllaDB
Stream processing is a crucial component of modern data infrastructure, but constructing an efficient and scalable stream processing system can be challenging. Decoupling compute and storage architecture has emerged as an effective solution to these challenges, but it can introduce high latency issues, especially when dealing with complex continuous queries that necessitate managing extra-large internal states.
In this talk, we focus on addressing the high latency issues associated with S3 storage in stream processing systems that employ a decoupled compute and storage architecture. We delve into the root causes of latency in this context and explore various techniques to minimize the impact of S3 latency on stream processing performance. Our proposed approach is to implement a tiered storage mechanism that leverages a blend of high-performance and low-cost storage tiers to reduce data movement between the compute and storage layers while maintaining efficient processing.
Throughout the talk, we will present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in mitigating the impact of S3 latency on stream processing. By the end of the talk, attendees will have gained insights into how to optimize their stream processing systems for reduced latency and improved cost-efficiency.
RPA In Healthcare Benefits, Use Case, Trend And Challenges 2024.pptxSynapseIndia
Your comprehensive guide to RPA in healthcare for 2024. Explore the benefits, use cases, and emerging trends of robotic process automation. Understand the challenges and prepare for the future of healthcare automation
20240704 QFM023 Engineering Leadership Reading List June 2024
Severalnines Self-Training: MySQL® Cluster - Part VII
1. MySQL Cluster Training
presented by severalnines.com
Address:
Contact: SeveralninesAB
Jean-Jérôme Schmidt c/o SICS, Box 1263
Email: services@severalnines.com Isafjordsgatan22
SE-164-29 Kista
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 1
2. Introduction
• At Severalnines, we believe in sharing information
and knowledge; we all come from an open source
background
• We know a lot of things about MySQL Cluster and
think that MySQL Cluster is a great technology
• These free MySQL Cluster Training slides are a
contribution of ours to the knowledge and information
sharing that‟s common practice in the open source
community
• If you have any questions on these slides or would
like to book an actual training class, please contact
us at: services@severalnines.com
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 2
3. Training Slides - Concept
• Over the coming weeks we will be chronologically
releasing slides for the different sections of our
MySQL Cluster Training program on our website.
• The full agenda of the training with all of its modules
is outlined in the next slides so that you can see what
topics will be covered over the coming weeks.
• Particularly specialised topics such as Cluster/J or
NDB API are not fully covered in the slides. We
recommend our instructor-led training classes for
such topics.
• Please contact us for more details:
services@severalnines.com
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 3
4. Full Training Agenda (1/4)
• MySQL Cluster Introduction
– MySQL eco system
– Scale up, scale out, and sharding
– MySQL Cluster Architecture
– Use cases
– Features
– Node types and Roles
• Detailed Concepts
– Data Distribution
– Verifying data distribution
– Access Methods
– Partitioning
– Node failures and failure detection
– Network Partitioning
– Transactions and Locking
– Consistency Model
– Redo logging and Checkpointing
• Internals
– NDB Design Internals
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 4
5. Agenda (2/4)
• Installing MySQL Cluster
– Setting up MySQL Cluster
– Starting/stopping nodes
– Recovery and restarts
– Upgrading configuration
– Upgrading Cluster
• Performance Tuning (instructor-led only; contact us at services@severalnines.com)
– Differences compared to Innodb/MyISAM
– Designing efficient and fast applications
– Identifying bottlenecks
– Tweaking configuration (OS and MySQL Cluster)
– Query Tuning
– Schema Design
– Index Tuning
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 5
6. Agenda (3/4)
• Management and Administration
– Backup and Restore
– Geographical Replication
– Online and offline operations
– Ndbinfo tables
– Reporting
– Single user mode
– Scaling Cluster
• Disk Data
– Use cases
– Limitations
– Best practice configuration
• Designing a Cluster
– Capacity Planning and Dimensioning
– Hardware recommendations
– Best practice Configuration
– Storage calculations
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 6
7. Agenda (4/4)
• Resolving Issues
– Common problems
– Error logs and Tracefiles
– Recovery and Escalation procedures
• Connectivity Overview
– NDBAPI
– Cluster/J
– LDAP
• Severalnines Tools
– Monitoring and Management
– Benchmarking
– Sandboxes
– Configuration and capacity planning
• Conclusion
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 7
8. Agenda: Lab Exercises
(only applicable to instructor-led training classes)
• Lab Exercises
– Installing and Loading data into MySQL Cluster
– Starting/stopping nodes, recovery
– Query tuning
– Backup and Restore
– Configuration Upgrade
• Would you like to try something particular?
– This is possible too, speak with your instructor
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 8
9. Prerequisites
• Readers / Participants have understanding of SQL and basic database concepts.
• Laptops/PCs for hands-on exercises
• Linux: 1GB RAM
• Windows: 2GB RAM
• Approx. 20GB disk space and Virtualbox installed.
• Virtualbox can be downloaded for free at http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
• MySQL Cluster version 7.1 or later
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 9
10. 7th Installment
Severalnines Cluster Self-Training
Part 6: Management and
Administration
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 10
11. Topics covered in Installment 7
• Backup and Restore
• Geographical Redundancy
• Online and offline operations
• Ndbinfo tables
• Reporting
• Single user mode
• Scaling Cluster
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 11
12. Management and Administration
Backup and Restore
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 12
13. Backup and Restore
• The following should be backed up in MySQL Cluster
– NDBCLUSTER tables
– MySQL System tables (stored in MYISAM)
– MYISAM/INNODB tables – optional
– Binary logs (optional)
– Configuration files (config.ini and my.cnf)
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 13
14. Backup and Restore
• NDBCLUSTER tables
– ONLINE BACKUP is built into MySQL Cluster
• Only tables stored in the NDBCLUSTER storage engine can be
backed up ONLINE.
• INNOB/MYISAM tables
– mysqldump
– Oracle Hotbackup
• Binary logs
– Copy/rsync
• Config files
– Copy/rsync
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 14
15. Online Backup
START BACKUP
• Backups are started from the
management client or mgmapi
– ndb_mgm –e “START BACKUP” Management server
• Each data node will backup its
STORAGE LAYER
primary partition
– Consistent at “backup complete” DATA DATA
“backup start” time, as you wish NODE 1 NODE 2
• Thus the complete backup is P0 P1
spread over several computers S1 S0
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 15
16. Online Backup
START BACKUP
• Backups are written to a backup directory: Management server
– Default : DATADIR
– BACKUP_DATADIR STORAGE LAYER
• BACKUP_DATADIR can be
a mount point on a SAN. DATA
NODE 1
DATA
NODE 2
• Each backup gets an ID
– Starting from 1 and always incrementing P0 P1
S1 S0
• The backup consists of three files:
– Data file (the records in data memory)
• Backup-1.data
– Log file (changes during the backup)
• Backup-1.log
– Meta data (indexes and tables) /data/mysqlcluster/BACKUP/BACKUP-1
• Backup-1.ctl
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 16
17. Backup and Restore
• Exercise – BACKUP
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 17
18. Restore
• The ndb_restoreprogram is used to a MySQL Cluster
backup.
• A backup taken from two data nodes will have two
sets of backup files
– A backup taken from four data nodes will have four sets of
backup files.
• All backup sets must be restored
– Ndb_restore can restore one backup set at a time.
– Exception – meta data needs to be restored only once.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 18
19. Restore
• Two data nodes with id=2 and id=3, backup id=1
• To restore the meta data (needs to be executed only
once):
ndb_restore –c<connectstring> --restore_meta
--node-id=2 --backup-id=1 /path/to/backup/files
• To restore the data and logs – must be executed
once for each backup set:
ndb_restore –c<connectstring> --restore_data
--node-id=2 --backup-id=1 /path/to/backup/files
ndb_restore –c<connectstring> --restore_data
--node-id=3 --backup-id=1 /path/to/backup/files
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 19
20. Backup and Restore
• Exercise – Restore
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 20
21. Backup and Restore
• SeveralninesClusterControl allows you to:
– Backup data to a central location instead of having the
backup files spread out of X computers.
– Create backup schedules
– Check backup history
– Restore backups easily
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 21
22. Geographical Redundancy
• Uses the Normal MySQL Replication to transfer data
between a Master and a Slave.
– Binary logs
– Positions as offsets in the files.
• Added extra information to allow failover.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 22
23. Geographical Redundancy
STORAGE LAYER • Application inserts data
• Committed changes from
DATA DATA
NODE 1 NODE 2 data nodes are sent to all
mysql servers with --log-
P0 P1
bin set.
S1 S0
– This means that several
mysql servers can have
MASTER – serverid=1
equivalent binary log
Injector
Thead
BINARY LOG
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 23
24. Geographical Redundancy
STORAGE LAYER
DATA DATA
NODE 1 NODE 2
P0 P1
S1 S0
MASTER – serverid=1
BINARY LOG
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 24
25. Geographical Redundancy
STORAGE LAYER
DATA DATA
NODE 1 NODE 2
P0 P1
S1 S0
MASTER – serverid=1
BINARY LOG
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 25
26. Geographical Redundancy
STORAGE LAYER • Every
TimeBetweenEpochs
DATA
NODE 1
DATA
NODE 2
(default 100ms) there is
a EPOCH_COMPLETE
P0 P1 message sent to the
S1 S0
Masters.
EPOCH_COMPLETE
12 • The Master binlog buffer
MASTER – serverid=1 will be flushed to the
Binary log
• Epochs contains 0 or
BINARY LOG
more transactions
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 26
27. Geographical Redundancy
NDB_BINLOG_INDEX
STORAGE LAYER
Epoch Binlog Pos Type
DATA DATA 12 b.01 4 I
NODE 1 NODE 2
12 b.01 28 I
P0 P1
12 b.01 32 U
S1 S0 15 b.01 255 U
• The NDB_BINLOG_INDEX
is updated.
• Stores a map between Epoch
Copy to Binary log
and Binlog/pos
12
4 28 32 255
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 27
28. Geographical Redundancy
NDB_APPLY_STATUS
STORAGE LAYER
Epoch Binlog Pos Type
DATA DATA 12 b.01 4 I
NODE 1 NODE 2
12 b.01 28 I
P0 P1
12 b.01 32 U
S1 S0 15 b.01 255 U
• The Master writes the unsent
MASTER binary log data to the
slave network
12
4 28 32 255
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 28
29. Geographical Redundancy
STORAGE LAYER STORAGE LAYER
DATA DATA DATA DATA
NODE 1 NODE 2 NODE 1 NODE 2
P0 P1 P0 P1
S1 S0 S1 S0
MASTER – serverid=1 SLAVE
IO THREAD receives data and put in RELAY LOG
Copy to Binary log
12 12
4 28 32 255 4 28 32 255
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 29
30. Geographical Redundancy
STORAGE LAYER
DATA DATA
NODE 1 NODE 2
P0 P1
S1 S0
SLAVE
SQL Thread reads from the RELAY LOG
12
4 28 32 255
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 30
31. Geographical Redundancy
STORAGE LAYER
DATA DATA
NDB_APPLY_STATUS
NODE 1 NODE 2
Server Id Last Epoch
P0 P1
1 12
S1 S0
• NDB_APPLY_STATUS
SLAVE
• Last applied epoch and
Applies the entire epoch and updates
NDB_APPLY_STATUS table where it came from.
12
• An epoch is applied as
4 28 32 255 one transaction.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 31
32. Geographical Redundancy Failover
Ndb_ MASTER – serverid=1 SLAVE
Binlog
ndex
Copy to Binary log IO THREAD receives data and put in RELAY LOG
12 12
4 28 32 255 4 28 32 255
STORAGE LAYER STORAGE LAYER
DATA DATA
DATA DATA
NODE 1 NODE 2
NODE 1 NODE 2
NDB_APPLY_STATUS
P0 P1
P0 P1
S1 S0
S1 S0
MASTER – serverid=2 SLAVE
Ndb_
Binlog
ndex
Copy to Binary log
12
4 28 32 255 4 28 32 255
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 32
33. Geographical Redundancy Failover
Ndb_ MASTER – serverid=1 SLAVE
Binlog
ndex
Copy to Binary log
14 12
4 28 32 255 4 28 32 255
STORAGE LAYER STORAGE LAYER
DATA DATA
DATA DATA
NODE 1 NODE 2
NODE 1 NODE 2
NDB_APPLY_STATUS
1 - 12
P0 P1
P0 P1
S1 S0
S1 S0
MASTER – serverid=2 SLAVE
Ndb_
Binlog Failover –check what is the applied epoch.
ndex
Find corresponding binlog/pos.
Copy to Binary log Change master
Start replication
14
4 28 32 255 4 28 32 255
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 33
34. Staging the slave
• The slave cluster is staged by restoring a backup
from the Master Cluster
– ndb_restore … -e
• -e - restore epoch
• The –e is very important, otherwise the slave cluster will not get
the last applied epoch written in ndb_apply_status table.
• The last applied epoch will be the epoch when the backup
finished.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 34
35. Geographical Redundancy
• It is also possible to have conflict detection and
resolution.
• Out of scope in this training.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 35
36. Geographical Redundancy
• Exercise – setup Geo rep.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 36
37. Management and Administration
Offline and online operations
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 37
38. Online/offline Operations
• Online Operation
– There can still be traffic on the Cluster while the operation is
taking place
– No Service Interruption
• Offline Operation
– Traffic needs to be blocked in order to implement the
change.
– Service Interruption
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 38
39. Online operations
• Adding nodes
– Adding data nodes
– Adding mysql servers
• Changing configuration
– values except
• Hostnames
• NoOfReplicas
• Upgrade
– Software
– Hardware
– OS
• Schema modifications
– Add column (ALTER ONLINE TABLE… ADD COLUMN x
INT)
– Create Index / Drop Index
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 39
40. Offline operations
• NoOfReplicas=2 3
– Requires a backup and restore
• Schema Changes
– data types, column sizes, names
– The table in question must be locked:
• On all mysql servers except one: LOCK TABLE t1 READ;
• On the exception: ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY b CHAR(255);
• UNLOCK TABLES;
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 40
42. Monitoring MySQL Cluster
• MySQL Cluster offers the following monitoring
interfaces
– NDBINFO - containing system tables stored accessible from
the mysql server
– LOGEVENTs – subscribe using the mgmapi
• SeveralninesClusterControl collects information from
both these sources.
– Web interface
– Command line tools
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 42
43. NDBINFO
• The NDBINFO (MySQL Cluster 7.1 and later) is a
schema containing statistical counters collected from
the data nodes.
– Memory usage (memoryusage)
– Statistical counters (counters)
– Redo log information (logspaces)
– Redo buffer information (logbuffers)
– Disk page buffer memory stats (diskpagebuffer)
• All this information is also collected by
SeveralninesClusterControl.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 43
44. How do you spot issues?
• ClusterControl can assist
– Query Monitoring/Histogram
– Health Reports
– Configuration Management
• You can also watch our video describing how to find
configuration issues:
http://www.severalnines.com/resources/videos
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 44
45. How do you spot issues?
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 45
46. How do you spot issues?
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 46
47. How do you spot issues?
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 47
49. Reporting
• Best practice is to separate reporting from the real-
time database.
– Running reporting on a realtime database will affect
performance.
• From MySQL Cluster it is possible to replicate to an
InnodbMySQL server.
– Run the reporting/heavy queries on this server.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 49
50. Reporting
MySQL Cluster
Application/realtime
Reporting, heavy queries
DATA Sync repl. DATA
NODE 0 NODE 1
Asynch. replication
Replication servers
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 50
51. Reporting
• How to set it up
– http://johanandersson.blogspot.com/2009/05/ha-mysql-write-
scaling-using-cluster-to.html
• If one master fails, the reporting slave can failover to
the other master
– No data loss
• If the reporting slave fails – restart it
– The reporting slave can reconnect and resume.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 51
52. Management and Administration
Single User Mode
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 52
53. Single User Mode
• MySQL Cluster has a Single User Mode that it is
possible to enter. In practice it is rarely used.
• ndb_mgm> ENTER SINGLE USER MODE 7
– This means that only an application with Nodeid=7 is
allowed to connect and operate on MySQL Cluster
– All other applications will be blocked
• ndb_mgm> EXIT SINGLE USER MODE
– Only useful if you have a dedicated adminstrative MySQL
Server.
– Then you “lock” the database and you can do offline ALTER
TABLEs from this MySQL Server.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 53
54. Management and Administration
Scaling MySQL Cluster
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 54
55. Scaling MySQL Cluster
• MySQL Cluster consists of two layers that can be
scaled
– Data/storage Layer
– Access Layer (mysql servers, application nodes)
• But how to know when it is time to scale?
• The following variables need to be studied
– Network
• Iftop
– Disk
• Iostat
– CPU
• top
• vmstat
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 55
56. SQL Layer/Access Layer
• To determine if the SQL Layer / Access Layer needs
to be scaled, it is sufficient to look at the CPU
utilization. (Network saturation is not very common).
– However if CPU utlization is low AND cpu utilization is low
on the data nodes the requests are spending time in the
network.
• Optimize those request (better indexes, force index etc)
• MySQL Servers can be added online, just install the
binaries, issue GRANTs and start the MySQL Server.
– Make sure you have connection slots available.
• With SeveralninesClusterControl, a new MySQL
Server can be provisioned with a single click.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 56
57. Data Layer / Storage Layer
• Network
– Is the network fully utilized (this is very very seldom the
case)?
• CPU
– What is the %util of the TC, LQH or CMVMI threads?
– cat /data/mysqlcluster/ndb_X_out.log |greptid
• The PIDs of the different threads are printed out
– top –Hd1
• Is one of the threads mentioned above running at 100%
• If yes add data node (one node group needs to be added at
a time).
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 57
58. Data Layer / Storage Layer
• Disk
– iostat –kx 1
– Is the ioutil at 100%?
• If yes by better disks, checkpoint with a lower rate, increase
redo log size,
• It is also possible to add more data nodes in order to spread
out the write load across more instances.
• Check if the write back cache is enabled, if not, enable it.
– Note – E.g EC2 disks are inherently slow.
DiskCheckpointSpeed should be set lower, e.g 5MB/s.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 58
59. Add Data Node Online
• There are two way of adding data nodes
– Dynamically / “Hard” - edit config.ini
• Cons: You must perform a rolling restart
– Statically / “Easy”: Plan ahead and allocate “slots” for data
nodes at configuration time
• Cons: You must know the hostnames from the beginning.
• Pros: Easy
• Start with 2 data nodes but configure for 8 data nodes
• It is not possible to shrink the number of data nodes.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 59
60. Dynamic - Add Data Node Online
• Edit config.ini and add:
[NDBD]
Nodeid:X
Hostname=„newhost1‟
[NDBD]
Nodeid:Y
Hostname=„newhost2‟
• Perform a rolling restart in the following order:
– Restart the management servers
– Restart the mysql servers
– Restart the already existing data nodes
– Start the data nodes on „newhost1‟ and „newhost2‟
ndbmtd --initial
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 60
61. “Static/plan ahead”- Add Data Node Online
• In config.ini before you start Cluster the first time
[NDBD]
Nodeid:X
Nodegroup: 65536 (magic number)
Hostname=„newhost1‟
[NDBD]
Nodeid:Y
Nodegroup: 65536 (magic number)
Hostname=„newhost2‟
• To add data nodes simply start the data nodes on
„newhost1‟ and „newhost2‟
– ndbmtd –initial
• Note, in some releases the magic number is 65535.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 61
62. Add Data Node Online
• In any case the final step is to redistribute the data.
• Foreach table do:
– ALTER TABLE t1 REORGANIZE PARTITION
• This will rehash the table
• This is an ONLINE operation.
• It will take some time.
– http://johanandersson.blogspot.com/2009/03/online-add-
node-preliminary-numbers.html
– http://johanandersson.blogspot.com/2009/03/online-add-
node-preliminary-numbers-2.html
• However, it is not a common task to add data nodes.
Increasing/decreasing # mysql servers is more
common.
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 62
63. Coming next in Installment 8:
Disk Data
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 63
64. We hope these training slides are
useful to you!
Please visit our website to view the
next section of this training.
For any questions, comments, feedback or to
book a training class, please contact us at:
services@severalnines.com
Thank you!
Copyright 2011 Severalnines AB Control your database infrastructure 64
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Dear Jury, Just as the electric grid revolutionized access to electricity 100 years ago, we at Severalnines believe that Cloud Computing will revolutionize IT where organizations will be able to plug into extremely powerful computing resources over the network. We have already seen the beginnings of this new wave, where the current infrastructure stack is being challenged and disrupted by a whole set of new technologies. For instance, in the database market, over 40 startups have received funding over the past 18 months. Severalnines is not building yet another database product, we believe there are already a lot of good technologies available. To manage a database costs 4 times the purchase price, and yet, very few companies are addressing this problem. Severalnines focuses on solutions to address this underserved segment. The founders of the company have a solid background in databases, having been at MySQL since 2003. The company develops a management platform which is database and cloud agnostic.We are database independent since we do not know who, if anybody, will be the next MySQL of the cloud.We are cloud independent, since we do not want to depend on any cloud vendor (e.g. Amazon or Rackspace) to avoid vendor lock-in. After the Amazon EC2 downtime during the Easter break, hundreds of affected companies have realized the importance of this. There is also a commercial aspect for avoiding vendor lock-in. Severalnines enhances productivity of organizations by attacking the biggest cost associated with database systems. We are a Swedish startup, hosted by SICS in Kista. There is also a small but very efficient development capacity in Singapore. Just as MySQL became a major brand and placed Sweden on the global software infrastructure map, we believe Severalnines can become a serious global player in the emerging Cloud space. We are very thankful that an organization like Eurocloud exists, and would like to thank the jury for considering our application. Kind regards,Vinay Joosery Severalnines AB
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Dear Jury, Just as the electric grid revolutionized access to electricity 100 years ago, we at Severalnines believe that Cloud Computing will revolutionize IT where organizations will be able to plug into extremely powerful computing resources over the network. We have already seen the beginnings of this new wave, where the current infrastructure stack is being challenged and disrupted by a whole set of new technologies. For instance, in the database market, over 40 startups have received funding over the past 18 months. Severalnines is not building yet another database product, we believe there are already a lot of good technologies available. To manage a database costs 4 times the purchase price, and yet, very few companies are addressing this problem. Severalnines focuses on solutions to address this underserved segment. The founders of the company have a solid background in databases, having been at MySQL since 2003. The company develops a management platform which is database and cloud agnostic.We are database independent since we do not know who, if anybody, will be the next MySQL of the cloud.We are cloud independent, since we do not want to depend on any cloud vendor (e.g. Amazon or Rackspace) to avoid vendor lock-in. After the Amazon EC2 downtime during the Easter break, hundreds of affected companies have realized the importance of this. There is also a commercial aspect for avoiding vendor lock-in. Severalnines enhances productivity of organizations by attacking the biggest cost associated with database systems. We are a Swedish startup, hosted by SICS in Kista. There is also a small but very efficient development capacity in Singapore. Just as MySQL became a major brand and placed Sweden on the global software infrastructure map, we believe Severalnines can become a serious global player in the emerging Cloud space. We are very thankful that an organization like Eurocloud exists, and would like to thank the jury for considering our application. Kind regards,Vinay Joosery Severalnines AB
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Dear Jury, Just as the electric grid revolutionized access to electricity 100 years ago, we at Severalnines believe that Cloud Computing will revolutionize IT where organizations will be able to plug into extremely powerful computing resources over the network. We have already seen the beginnings of this new wave, where the current infrastructure stack is being challenged and disrupted by a whole set of new technologies. For instance, in the database market, over 40 startups have received funding over the past 18 months. Severalnines is not building yet another database product, we believe there are already a lot of good technologies available. To manage a database costs 4 times the purchase price, and yet, very few companies are addressing this problem. Severalnines focuses on solutions to address this underserved segment. The founders of the company have a solid background in databases, having been at MySQL since 2003. The company develops a management platform which is database and cloud agnostic.We are database independent since we do not know who, if anybody, will be the next MySQL of the cloud.We are cloud independent, since we do not want to depend on any cloud vendor (e.g. Amazon or Rackspace) to avoid vendor lock-in. After the Amazon EC2 downtime during the Easter break, hundreds of affected companies have realized the importance of this. There is also a commercial aspect for avoiding vendor lock-in. Severalnines enhances productivity of organizations by attacking the biggest cost associated with database systems. We are a Swedish startup, hosted by SICS in Kista. There is also a small but very efficient development capacity in Singapore. Just as MySQL became a major brand and placed Sweden on the global software infrastructure map, we believe Severalnines can become a serious global player in the emerging Cloud space. We are very thankful that an organization like Eurocloud exists, and would like to thank the jury for considering our application. Kind regards,Vinay Joosery Severalnines AB
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Dear Jury, Just as the electric grid revolutionized access to electricity 100 years ago, we at Severalnines believe that Cloud Computing will revolutionize IT where organizations will be able to plug into extremely powerful computing resources over the network. We have already seen the beginnings of this new wave, where the current infrastructure stack is being challenged and disrupted by a whole set of new technologies. For instance, in the database market, over 40 startups have received funding over the past 18 months. Severalnines is not building yet another database product, we believe there are already a lot of good technologies available. To manage a database costs 4 times the purchase price, and yet, very few companies are addressing this problem. Severalnines focuses on solutions to address this underserved segment. The founders of the company have a solid background in databases, having been at MySQL since 2003. The company develops a management platform which is database and cloud agnostic.We are database independent since we do not know who, if anybody, will be the next MySQL of the cloud.We are cloud independent, since we do not want to depend on any cloud vendor (e.g. Amazon or Rackspace) to avoid vendor lock-in. After the Amazon EC2 downtime during the Easter break, hundreds of affected companies have realized the importance of this. There is also a commercial aspect for avoiding vendor lock-in. Severalnines enhances productivity of organizations by attacking the biggest cost associated with database systems. We are a Swedish startup, hosted by SICS in Kista. There is also a small but very efficient development capacity in Singapore. Just as MySQL became a major brand and placed Sweden on the global software infrastructure map, we believe Severalnines can become a serious global player in the emerging Cloud space. We are very thankful that an organization like Eurocloud exists, and would like to thank the jury for considering our application. Kind regards,Vinay Joosery Severalnines AB
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Dear Jury, Just as the electric grid revolutionized access to electricity 100 years ago, we at Severalnines believe that Cloud Computing will revolutionize IT where organizations will be able to plug into extremely powerful computing resources over the network. We have already seen the beginnings of this new wave, where the current infrastructure stack is being challenged and disrupted by a whole set of new technologies. For instance, in the database market, over 40 startups have received funding over the past 18 months. Severalnines is not building yet another database product, we believe there are already a lot of good technologies available. To manage a database costs 4 times the purchase price, and yet, very few companies are addressing this problem. Severalnines focuses on solutions to address this underserved segment. The founders of the company have a solid background in databases, having been at MySQL since 2003. The company develops a management platform which is database and cloud agnostic.We are database independent since we do not know who, if anybody, will be the next MySQL of the cloud.We are cloud independent, since we do not want to depend on any cloud vendor (e.g. Amazon or Rackspace) to avoid vendor lock-in. After the Amazon EC2 downtime during the Easter break, hundreds of affected companies have realized the importance of this. There is also a commercial aspect for avoiding vendor lock-in. Severalnines enhances productivity of organizations by attacking the biggest cost associated with database systems. We are a Swedish startup, hosted by SICS in Kista. There is also a small but very efficient development capacity in Singapore. Just as MySQL became a major brand and placed Sweden on the global software infrastructure map, we believe Severalnines can become a serious global player in the emerging Cloud space. We are very thankful that an organization like Eurocloud exists, and would like to thank the jury for considering our application. Kind regards,Vinay Joosery Severalnines AB
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Dear Jury, Just as the electric grid revolutionized access to electricity 100 years ago, we at Severalnines believe that Cloud Computing will revolutionize IT where organizations will be able to plug into extremely powerful computing resources over the network. We have already seen the beginnings of this new wave, where the current infrastructure stack is being challenged and disrupted by a whole set of new technologies. For instance, in the database market, over 40 startups have received funding over the past 18 months. Severalnines is not building yet another database product, we believe there are already a lot of good technologies available. To manage a database costs 4 times the purchase price, and yet, very few companies are addressing this problem. Severalnines focuses on solutions to address this underserved segment. The founders of the company have a solid background in databases, having been at MySQL since 2003. The company develops a management platform which is database and cloud agnostic.We are database independent since we do not know who, if anybody, will be the next MySQL of the cloud.We are cloud independent, since we do not want to depend on any cloud vendor (e.g. Amazon or Rackspace) to avoid vendor lock-in. After the Amazon EC2 downtime during the Easter break, hundreds of affected companies have realized the importance of this. There is also a commercial aspect for avoiding vendor lock-in. Severalnines enhances productivity of organizations by attacking the biggest cost associated with database systems. We are a Swedish startup, hosted by SICS in Kista. There is also a small but very efficient development capacity in Singapore. Just as MySQL became a major brand and placed Sweden on the global software infrastructure map, we believe Severalnines can become a serious global player in the emerging Cloud space. We are very thankful that an organization like Eurocloud exists, and would like to thank the jury for considering our application. Kind regards,Vinay Joosery Severalnines AB
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com
Severalnines has been offering its products free of charge since 2007, while the founders were employed at MySQL. These products are the de-facto standard tools to assist MySQL customers and users in deploying their MySQL clusters. More information about Severalnines at www.severalnines.com