Semantic web

INTRODUCTION
 The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in
which information is given well-defined meaning, better
enabling computers and people to work in co-operation.
 Semantic Web vision was conceived by
Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the
World Wide Web.
 Berners-Lee defines the Semantic Web
as “A web of data that can be processed
directly and indirectly by machines.”

HISTORY
 Web 1.0(1991-2003)
 Web 1.0 (1991-2003) is a retronym which refers to the state of the
World Wide Web, and any website design style used before the
advent of the Web 2.0 phenomenon. Web 1.0 began with the
release of the WWW to the public in 1991, and is the general term
that has been created to describe the Web.
 Some typical design elements of a Web 1.0 site include:
 Static pages instead of dynamic user-generated content.
 The use of framesets.
 Proprietary HTML extensions such as the <blink> and <marquee>
tags introduced during the first browser war.
 Online guestbook.
 HTML forms sent via email. A user would fill in a form, and upon
clicking submit their email client would attempt to send an email
containing the form's details.

WEB 1.0 EXAMPLE
 This web site is example of web 1.0 because the site
allows the user to only view pages or search information
at best, but the user interaction is minimum and the site
is basically static.

WEB 2.0
o The term "Web 2.0" (2004–present) is commonly
associated with web applications that facilitate
interactive information sharing, interoperability,
user-centered design and collaboration on the
World Wide Web
o Examples of Web 2.0 include web-based
communities, web applications, social-
networking sites, video-sharing sites, wikis and
blogs etc.

WEB 2.0 EXAMPLE
 Facebook is a social networking site and it is a
prominent example of web 2.0. This site allows user to
make friends, write them messages, chat with them,
upload and share photos etc. activities.

WEB 3.0
 The Semantic Web is a mesh of information linked up in such a way
as to be easily process able by machines
 The Semantic Web was thought up by Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of
the WWW, URIs, HTTP, and HTML.
 There is a dedicated team of people at the World Wide Web
consortium (W3C) working to improve, extend and standardize the
system, and many languages, publications, tools and so on have
already been developed. However, Semantic Web technologies are
still very much in their infancies, and although the future of the
project in general appears to be bright, there seems to be little
consensus about the likely direction and characteristics of the early
Semantic Web.

WEB 3.0 EXAMPLE
 Swoogle is a search engine for the Semantic Web on the
Web.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WEB 1.0, WEB 2.0 AND
WEB 3.0
 Web 1.0: The Internet before 1999, expert’s call it
Read-Only era. The average internet user's role
was limited only to reading the information
presented to him. The best examples are millions of
static websites
 Web 2.0: The lack of active interaction of common
user with the web lead to the birth of Web 2.0
 Web 3.0: It seems we have everything whatever we
had wished for in Web 2.0, but it is way behind
when it comes to intelligence.

THE KEY PROBLEM OF TODAY’S WEB
 The meaning of Web content is not machine-
accessible: lack of semantics

SEMANTIC WEB LAYER
 The development of the Semantic Web proceeds in steps
 Each step building a layer on top of another
o A universal resource identifier (URI) is a formatted string that
serves as a means of identifying abstract or physical resource. A URI
can be further classified as a locator, a name, or both.

 Unicode provides a unique number for every character,
independently of the underlying platform, program, or language.
 XML namespaces allow specifying different markup vocabularies
in one XML document.
 XML Schema is a language for providing and restricting the
structure and content of elements contained within XML
documents.
 Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a basic data model, like
the entity-relationship model.
 RDF Schema (RDFS) defines the vocabulary of RDF model.
 Web Ontology Language(OWL), adds more vocabulary for
describing properties and classes.
 Logic layer is used to enhance the ontology language further, and
to allow to write application-specific declarative knowledge
 Proof layer involves the actual deductive process
 Finally trust will emerge through the use of digital signatures.

PRACTICAL ILLUSTRATION OF SEMANTIC WEB
APPLICATION
 If we suppose that a certain Professor Anjali Sharma wishes to make
a web page for her own encompassing a faculty page, a research
page, a blog site and a staff listing page then using traditional web
modeling the pages would look like so:
 Traditional Web Model:
A Faculty Page
A research Page
A Staff Listing Page
A Blog SiteProf. xyz

 SEMANTIC WEB MODEL
A Faculty Page
Research
Page
Blog Site
Staff Listing Page

CONCLUSION
 Semantic Web is the future of Internet. Semantic web is
expected to re write the internet as we know it and
change the way we search information on net.
 The searches will become personalized and the results
will be more accurate and more relevant.
 The traditional model of internet does not allow for
intelligent searches and takes a lot of time because of the
irrelevant searches being displayed too.
 Semantic Web can overcome all these problems to
provide a better and rich user experience to consumers
all over the globe.
 The next generation of web will better connect people
and will further advent the information technology
revolution.

Semantic web

Related slideshows

More Related Content

Semantic web

Editor's Notes