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When are we going to get to the science factory?

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Richard Akerman

The document discusses the disruption of scholarly communication due to the digital environment. It notes how aspects like publishing, libraries, and universities are challenged by digital sharing and new models like open access. The future of scholarly communication lies in adapting to this disruption by monitoring ongoing experiments, becoming better informed, and ensuring access and rights in the new digital ecosystem.

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When are we going to get to the science factory? Richard Akerman uOttawa Research Conversations October 23, 2012
This Diagram Explains the Future 2
This List Explains the Past • Google 1999 • Facebook 2004 • iPhone 2007 • iPad 2010 3
The Future is Already Here (1) http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2012/10/21/tina-brown- newsweek-s-all-digital-future.html 4
The Future is Already Here (2) http://bit.ly/PlNdGd 5
The Old World (Disrupted) 6
Digital + Network Disrupts http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vesta_from_Dawn,_July_17.jpg 7
Consequences • End of film developers (but not photography) • End of record stores (but not music) • End of video stores – 4 billion hours/month of YouTube • End of book stores • End of newsstands • Re-examination of any content communications system – Enormous challenges for academic libraries – Enormous challenges for scholarly communication – Enormous challenges for universities 8
Digital + Network is Different • Discovery • Focus on individual content items • Copying • Sharing • Remixing 9
There Are Many Copies http://www.flickr.com/photos/kk/18112585/ 10
Network http://www.flickr.com/photos/sjcockell/3251147920/ 11
Show me the money (1) • Paid authors • Paid editors • Printing costs • Traditional content model is a mix of user fees (subscriptions, newsstand purchase) and advertising • Barron’s 2009 – “Until recently, many newspapers had profit margins exceeding 30%” 12
The Science Factory 13
The Old World (Not Disrupted) 14
Show me the money (2) • Authors (not paid by the publisher) – In fact sometimes they have to pay to be published • Content reviewers (not paid by the publisher) • Paid editors • Switch to digital, much less print • Mostly subscription revenues (licensed content), very limited ad revenue • Reed Elsevier 2012 Interim Results 15
Paying Twice? • Institutions (usually through their libraries) have to pay to access science that they have funded, either through salaries or grants • In particular the public has to pay to access research that tax dollars have already paid for • But there can be a lot of value-add in the editorial process 16
Spring 17
Open Access http://www.flickr.com/photos/communityfriend/2342578485/ 18
Open Access (2) • http://thecostofknowledge.com/ 12,837 • We The People petition 31,203 • US Federal Research Public Access Act • (Harvard) Faculty Advisory Council Memorandum on Journal Pricing – “Consider submitting articles to open-access journals, or to ones that have reasonable, sustainable subscription costs; move prestige to open access” 19
Open Access (3) • “I realise this move to open access presents a challenge and opportunity for your industry, as you have historically received funding by charging for access to a publication. Nevertheless that funding model is surely going to have to change…. To try to preserve the old model is the wrong battle to fight.” 20
Open Access (4) • A lot of this is about making sure that money turns into access for the public and the rights expected in the digital environment, it’s not about eliminating the money altogether 21
Scholarly Communication Disrupted in Many Other Ways • Social media (blogs, twitter) • Repositories • Data sharing, open data, data citation • New models of reputation and reward 22
What Can You Do? http://www.flickr.com/photos/ramkarthik/4022566308/ 23
Inform Yourself (1) • LSE Impact Blog • T. Scott Plutchak • Scholarly Kitchen • Science in the Open • Michael Nielsen 24
Inform Yourself (2) • http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/ • Open Access Week 2012 – http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/oaweek.jsp?language=en – http://www.openaccessweek.org/ 25
National Research Council • NRC Publications Archive (NPARC) • PubMedCentral (PMC) Canada – free to read, but not open access 26
Summary • Fundamental change due to properties of the digital environment – impacting all of our culture • Be a healthy part of the digital ecosystem • Disruption of each aspect of scholarly communication • Monitor the ongoing experiments • Opportunities for adaptive individuals and organisations 27
29

More Related Content

When are we going to get to the science factory?

  • 1. When are we going to get to the science factory? Richard Akerman uOttawa Research Conversations October 23, 2012
  • 2. This Diagram Explains the Future 2
  • 3. This List Explains the Past • Google 1999 • Facebook 2004 • iPhone 2007 • iPad 2010 3
  • 4. The Future is Already Here (1) http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2012/10/21/tina-brown- newsweek-s-all-digital-future.html 4
  • 5. The Future is Already Here (2) http://bit.ly/PlNdGd 5
  • 6. The Old World (Disrupted) 6
  • 7. Digital + Network Disrupts http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vesta_from_Dawn,_July_17.jpg 7
  • 8. Consequences • End of film developers (but not photography) • End of record stores (but not music) • End of video stores – 4 billion hours/month of YouTube • End of book stores • End of newsstands • Re-examination of any content communications system – Enormous challenges for academic libraries – Enormous challenges for scholarly communication – Enormous challenges for universities 8
  • 9. Digital + Network is Different • Discovery • Focus on individual content items • Copying • Sharing • Remixing 9
  • 10. There Are Many Copies http://www.flickr.com/photos/kk/18112585/ 10
  • 12. Show me the money (1) • Paid authors • Paid editors • Printing costs • Traditional content model is a mix of user fees (subscriptions, newsstand purchase) and advertising • Barron’s 2009 – “Until recently, many newspapers had profit margins exceeding 30%” 12
  • 14. The Old World (Not Disrupted) 14
  • 15. Show me the money (2) • Authors (not paid by the publisher) – In fact sometimes they have to pay to be published • Content reviewers (not paid by the publisher) • Paid editors • Switch to digital, much less print • Mostly subscription revenues (licensed content), very limited ad revenue • Reed Elsevier 2012 Interim Results 15
  • 16. Paying Twice? • Institutions (usually through their libraries) have to pay to access science that they have funded, either through salaries or grants • In particular the public has to pay to access research that tax dollars have already paid for • But there can be a lot of value-add in the editorial process 16
  • 17. Spring 17
  • 19. Open Access (2) • http://thecostofknowledge.com/ 12,837 • We The People petition 31,203 • US Federal Research Public Access Act • (Harvard) Faculty Advisory Council Memorandum on Journal Pricing – “Consider submitting articles to open-access journals, or to ones that have reasonable, sustainable subscription costs; move prestige to open access” 19
  • 20. Open Access (3) • “I realise this move to open access presents a challenge and opportunity for your industry, as you have historically received funding by charging for access to a publication. Nevertheless that funding model is surely going to have to change…. To try to preserve the old model is the wrong battle to fight.” 20
  • 21. Open Access (4) • A lot of this is about making sure that money turns into access for the public and the rights expected in the digital environment, it’s not about eliminating the money altogether 21
  • 22. Scholarly Communication Disrupted in Many Other Ways • Social media (blogs, twitter) • Repositories • Data sharing, open data, data citation • New models of reputation and reward 22
  • 23. What Can You Do? http://www.flickr.com/photos/ramkarthik/4022566308/ 23
  • 24. Inform Yourself (1) • LSE Impact Blog • T. Scott Plutchak • Scholarly Kitchen • Science in the Open • Michael Nielsen 24
  • 25. Inform Yourself (2) • http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/ • Open Access Week 2012 – http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/oaweek.jsp?language=en – http://www.openaccessweek.org/ 25
  • 26. National Research Council • NRC Publications Archive (NPARC) • PubMedCentral (PMC) Canada – free to read, but not open access 26
  • 27. Summary • Fundamental change due to properties of the digital environment – impacting all of our culture • Be a healthy part of the digital ecosystem • Disruption of each aspect of scholarly communication • Monitor the ongoing experiments • Opportunities for adaptive individuals and organisations 27
  • 28. 29

Editor's Notes

  1. End of all physical content container stores: record stores, video stores, book stores End of physical money – penny, credit card, MintChip, pay-by-phone NFC End of the phone as voice deviceKaboom. Disruption.4 Vestahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vesta_from_Dawn,_July_17.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_Vesta
  2. http://www.flickr.com/photos/kk/18112585/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/Screencap from PDF of my presentation Service-Oriented Architecture for Libraries http://www.slideshare.net/scilib/serviceoriented-architecture-for-librariesSlide 8
  3. Mitotic Cell Cycle network from Reactome. Visualized in Cytoscape via Pathway Commons.http://www.flickr.com/photos/sjcockell/3251147920/Name: Simon CockellCC-BYhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/“Rule”: Network means information can be connected, copied.
  4. By Richard Akerman http://www.flickr.com/photos/rakerman/6478206287/Copyright 2011 All Rights Reserved
  5. Submitted abstract in February. Screenshot from April.Spring = fresh, new growth, new opportunity, reawakeninghttp://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2012/apr/09/wellcome-trust-academic-spring
  6. Just changes how you pay.http://www.flickr.com/photos/communityfriend/2342578485/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/By Community Friend
  7. http://thecostofknowledge.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Research_Public_Access_Acthttp://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k77982&tabgroupid=icb.tabgroup143448https://wwws.whitehouse.gov/petitions#!/petition/require-free-access-over-internet-scientific-journal-articles-arising-taxpayer-funded-research/wDX82FLQ
  8. http://www.bis.gov.uk/news/speeches/david-willetts-public-access-to-researchAwaiting Finch report in June.Jimmy Wales (Wikipedia) to assist.
  9. http://www.flickr.com/photos/ramkarthik/4022566308/