PPT of PLC and SCADA

Presentation By
Mohd Mohseen(41015604915)
Navneet Thakur(20115604915)
Electrical and electronic engineering
5th sem

PLC (Programming logic control)

contents
 Automation
 Types of Automation
 What is PLC ?
 Need of PLC
 PLC brands and software used
 Major component of PLC
 PLC operational sequence
 Programming language of PLC
 Ladder logic
 PLC timer/counter
 TON timer
 Timer bit concept
 Advantage And Disadvantage
 Application

Automation
 Automation is a basically the delegation of human
control function to technical equipment aimed toward
achieving .
 Higher productivity .
 Superior quality of end product .
 Efficient use of energy and raw materials .
 Improved safety in working conditions .
 Replace hard physical work .
 Can perform tasks beyond human capabilities .

Types of Automation
 Building Automation
Example : lifts
 Scientific Automation
Example : rocket launching
 Industrial Automation
Example : Automated bottle filling Stations ,
steel factories
 Office Automation
Example : printers , cctv
 Light Automation
Example : street solar lightening

What is PLC ?
PLC is a sold state industrial computer that performs
discrete and sequential function in a factory
environment .
Or
PLC is a industrial computer that monitor input , makes
decision based on it program and control output to
automatic a process or machine .

Need of PLC
 PLC is needed so as to have the following tasks:
 To reduce human effort .
 To get the automation in the process.
 Controlling of equipments with just one click.
 To make the efficient use of digital electronics and
control system.
 In the high human effort industries, PLC may help to
get the reduction in manpower and wastage of raw
materials .
 To reduce complex circuitry of entire system .

PLC brands and software used
 Brand name Software used
 Allen-Bradley RS logix 500
 Schneider Zelio Soft
 Ceco electronics Ceco Client
 Siemens Step7 Microwin
 Omron Cx Programming
 Delta Wpl Soft

components(input/output)
(1) Input modules
It take input and
convert signal from
sensor into logic signal
Example : switch ,
push button .
(2) output module
It convert control
instructions a signal
that can be used by
actuators .
Example : lamps , alarm .

(3) CPU (Central Processing Unit)
• It is the brain of PLC and govern the activities of the entire
. PLC system
• The CPU perform the SCAN CYCLE for PLC
• The CPU consists of the flowing blocks: Arithmetic Logic Unit
. (ALU) , internal memory of CPU , internal timer , counters
•(4) Memory
Memory is the component that stores information, programs
. and data in a PLC
(5) Power supply
Provides the voltage needed to run the primary PLC
. components
(6)Programming device
The programming terminal is used for programming the PLC
. and monitoring/sequencing PLCs operation

PLC operation sequence
(1) Self test: testing of its own
hardware and software for
faults
(2) Input scan : if there are no
problems , PLC will copy all
the values in to memory .
(3) Logic solve/scan : using
inputs ,the ladder logic
program is solved once and
outputs are updated .
(4) Output scan : while solving
the output values are updated
only in memory when ladder
scan in done , the output will
be updated using temporary
values in memory .

Programming language of PLC
 Most common language encountered in PLC are :
1. Ladder Logic
2. Functional blocking diagram
3. Sequential function chart etc.

Ladder logic
 The ladder logic is the
oldest programming
language for PLC
 It is well to express
combinational logic
 The main ladder logic
symbol represent the
elements .

TON timer(timer on delay)
 Timer
 Timer is basically used
add some delay in
programming circuit by
adding a particular time
to each circuit.
 There are three types
 TON and TOFF and
RTO .

Advantages of PLC
 Reliability.
 Flexibility in programming and re-programming.
 Cost effective for controlling complex systems.
 Small physical size , shorter project time.
 High speed of operation.
 Ability to communicate to other computer system in the
plant.
 Easy to maintenance/troubleshooting.
 Reduced space.
 Energy saving.

Disadvantages of PLC
 PLC device are proprietary it means that part or
software of one manufacturer can’t be used in
combination with part of another manufacturer.
 Initial cost are high.
 Unemployment rate increase.
 It is difficult to find error.

Applications
 Robots manufacturing and control.
 Food /Beverage processing.
 Machine tools.
 Materials handle.
 Conveyer system.
 Aerospace.
 Printing industry
 Textile industry
 Cleaning department etc.

SCADA
(supervisory control and data acquisition)

content
 What is SCADA ?
 Why SCADA used ?
 Brands of SCADA
 What is TAG
 Feature of SCADA
 Object Property
 Advantages of SCADA
 Disadvantages of SCADA
 Applications
 Program (Bottle filling)

What is SCADA ?
 SCADA is a “Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition’’ real time industrial process control
systems used to centrally monitor and control remote
to local industrial equipment such as motors , valves
, pump , relays etc.
OR
 A SCADA system gather information(such as where
a leak on a pipeline occurred) and transfers the
information back to central site then alert the home
station that a leak occurred , carrying out necessary
analysis and control ,such as determining if the leak
is critical then displaying the information in a logical
and organized fashion.

Why SCADA used ?
 Saves time and money
 Less travelling for workers
 Reduces man power need
 Increase production and efficiency of a company
 Cost effective of power system
 Saves energy
 Reliable
 Supervisory control for particular system .

Brands of SCADA
 Company Name Software Name
 Wonderware Intouch 10.1
 Allen bradley RS view/Factory talk
 Siemens Win CC
 GEFANUC Cimplicity
 KPIT(India) Astra etc.

TAGs
 It is address of the memory location where data
being saved.
 We define a TAG in order to use it in the SCADA
software ( Intouch wonderware )
 Types of TAG
(1) Analog – stores simple on/off information
(2) String - stores numerical value
(3) Digital - stores alphanumeric characters.
 There are minimum 32 TAGs and maximum 64000
can be define in Intouch SCADA.

Features Of SCADA
(a) Dynamic process graphic
(b) Script
(c) Real time and Historical trend
(d) Alarm
(e) Security
(f) Recipe management
(g) Data base connectivity
(h) Device connectivity

(a) Dynamic process graphic
 Using this features mimics developed in SCADA
software should resemble the mimic process .should
have good library of symbols so that you can
develop the mimic as per requirement.
 The status of equipment running/stopping can be
show using different colors/animation.

(b) script
 Script is the way of writing logic in SCADA software .
every SCADA software has its own instruction and
way of writing program.
 Using script one can develop complex application.

(c) Real time and historical trend
 This facility is used to represent the data in graphical
form
 This trend play important role in the process of
operation . if your batch fails or the plant trips you
can simply go to the historical trend data and do the
analysis . you can have better look of the parameters
through the trends.
 Real time data will plot the real-time value for fixed
period of time while have historical data historical
data stored value which can be viewed on demand

(d) Alarm
 Every plant needs of proper monitoring and control
of the process parameter .
 Alarm indicate to the operator when something goes
wrong .
 Generally alarm are implemanted by usually the
lamps or hooters in field but in SCADA it can be
represented by using animation.
 In SCADA generally four types of alarm are used ie
HI , HIHI ,LOW ,LOWLOW .

(e) Security
 Every SCADA software has various level of security
for securing the application by avoiding unauthorized
access .
 Depending upon the access level given the operator
/engineers is allowed to do task . In most of the cases
operator are allowed only to operate the plant while
the maintenance engineers can do the application
modification

(f) Recipe management
 In many cases we uses the same plant for
manufacturing the different product range . For
example an oil blending plant can manufacture
power oil ,transformer oil , auto-mobile oil .
 The recipe management is facility used for maintain
various recipe for different products and implement it
on the process
 The recipe can be stored in a single server and it can
be fetched by any client server from any area to run
the process.

(g)Data base connectivity
 In many plants , it is important to download the real-
time information . in this case the database
connectivity is must .
 Many SCADA software don't have their own
database . hence for storage and reporting they use
third party database like MS access .
 Wonderware InTouch provides a single view of all
your control and information resources .

(h) Device connectivity
 Every control hardware has its own communication
protocol for communicating with different
hardware/software .some of the leading
communication protocol include Ethernet , DH485.
 The SCADA software needs device driver software
for communication with PLC or other control
hardware.
 More the driver software available better is the
device connectivity . most of the SCADA software
used in industry have connectivity with most of the
leading control system .

These properties are common to all symbol factory graphical
objects .
These properties are visible only when "break cell“ operation is
performed on symbol factory objects .
Object Property

Advantages
 The computer can record and store a very large amount
of data .
 Data can be displayed at any time when user require .
 The SCADA system provides on board mechanical and
graphical information .
 The SCADA system ability to operate critical situations .
 It provide alarm .

Disadvantages
 Network security risks
 Lack of trained personnel
 Initial cost is high

Applications
 Water resources monitoring
 Water chemistry monitoring
 Waste water monitoring
 Waste tank controls
 Wind tunnel controls
 Fuel oil handling system
 Petroleum pilot plant
 Plant monitoring and process control
 Nuclear plant full-scope simulators
 Electric power transmission controlling
 Metrological monitoring

PPT of PLC and SCADA

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