Perl web frameworks
•
0 likes•681 views
The document discusses Perl web frameworks Catalyst and Mojolicious. It provides an overview of key MVC concepts like routers, controllers, models and views. It then demonstrates how to install and create a basic Catalyst application with a root controller and default action. It also covers additional Catalyst controller features like actions, routes, context object and chained actions.
Report
Share
Related slideshows
Perl web frameworks
- 1. Perl web frameworks Catalyst & Mojolicious Curs avançat de Perl 2012 10/03/2012
- 2. Perl web frameworks Hola! Diego Kuperman diegok | @freekey
- 3. Web frameworks ~ MVC
- 5. Router ~ Dispatcher
- 8. Controller
- 9. Invocado por el dispatcher Manipulación de capturas del router Validaciones Pegamento entre otros componentes: modelos y vistas Idealmente poco código: thin controller, fat models.
- 10. Model ~ Storage
- 11. Model Habitualmente base de datos Lógica de negocio Uso fuera de la app Tests independientes de la app Otros modelos: git, api-rest, ...
- 12. View ~ Templates / Serializers
- 13. View Normalmente un motor de templates MUCHAS opciones en CPAN Template toolkit en Catalyst EP en Mojolicious Serialización: JSON, XML, YAML, ...
- 14. Install ~ CPAN
- 15. Catalyst $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Runtime Catalyst::Devel $ cpanm -n Catalyst::View::TT Catalyst::View::JSON $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Plugin::Unicode::Encoding $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Plugin::Session $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Plugin::Session::Store::File $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Plugin::Session::State::Cookie $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Plugin::Authorization::Roles $ cpanm -n Catalyst::Authentication::Store::DBIx::Class $ cpanm -n HTML::FormHandler HTML::FormHandler::Model::DBIC
- 16. Mojolicious http://mojolicio.us The web in a box $ cpanm -n Mojolicious
- 18. Catalyst
- 19. $ git clone git://github.com/diegok/dbic.curs.barcelona.pm.git $ cd dbic.curs.barcelona.pm $ dzil build; cpanm -n *.tar.gz; dzil clean $ git clone git://github.com/diegok/app.curs.barcelona.pm.git $ cd app.curs.barcelona.pm $ cpanm -n --installdeps .
- 20. Catalyst The elegant MVC framework
- 21. Catalyst Crear nueva App $ catalyst.pl MyCatApp created "MyCatApp" created "MyCatApp/script" created "MyCatApp/lib" created "MyCatApp/root" created "MyCatApp/root/static" ... created "MyCatApp/script/mycatapp_server.pl" created "MyCatApp/script/mycatapp_test.pl" created "MyCatApp/script/mycatapp_create.pl"
- 22. ├── Changes ├── Makefile.PL ├── README ├── lib │ └── Curs | ├── App │ │ ├── Controller │ │ │ └── Root.pm │ │ ├── Model │ | └── View │ └── App.pm ├── curs_app.conf ├── curs_app.psgi
- 23. ├── root │ ├── favicon.ico │ └── static │ └── images │ ├── ... │ └── catalyst_logo.png ├── script │ ├── ... │ ├── curs_app_create.pl │ └── curs_app_server.pl └── t ├── 01app.t ├── 02pod.t └── 03podcoverage.t
- 24. package Curs::App; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; use Catalyst::Runtime 5.80; use Catalyst qw/ -Debug ConfigLoader Static::Simple /; extends 'Catalyst'; our $VERSION = '0.01'; __PACKAGE__->config( name => 'Curs::App', disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback enable_catalyst_header => 1, # Send X-Cataly ); __PACKAGE__->setup();
- 25. package Curs::App; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; use Catalyst::Runtime 5.80; use Catalyst qw/ ConfigLoader Static::Simple /; extends 'Catalyst'; our $VERSION = '0.01'; __PACKAGE__->config( name => 'Curs::App', disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback enable_catalyst_header => 1, # Send X-Cataly ); __PACKAGE__->setup();
- 26. $ ./script/curs_app_server.pl -r -d [debug] Debug messages enabled [debug] Statistics enabled [debug] Loaded plugins: .-------------------------------------------------------. | Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader 0.30 | '-------------------------------------------------------' [debug] Loaded dispatcher "Catalyst::Dispatcher" [debug] Loaded engine "Catalyst::Engine" [debug] Found home "/.../Curs-App" [debug] Loaded Config "/.../Curs-App/curs_app.conf" [debug] Loaded components: .--------------------------------------------+----------. | Class | Type | +--------------------------------------------+----------+ | Curs::App::Controller::Root | instance | '--------------------------------------------+----------' [debug] Loaded Private actions: .-------------+-----------------------------+------------. | Private | Class | Method | +-------------+-----------------------------+------------+ | /default | Curs::App::Controller::Root | default | | /end | Curs::App::Controller::Root | end | | /index | Curs::App::Controller::Root | index | '-------------+-----------------------------+------------'
- 27. $ ./script/curs_app_server.pl -r -d [debug] Loaded Path actions: .--------------------------------+-----------------------. | Path | Private | +--------------------------------+-----------------------+ | / | /index | | /... | /default | '--------------------------------+-----------------------' [info] Curs::App powered by Catalyst 5.90010 HTTP::Server::PSGI: Accepting connections at http://0:3000/
- 29. package Curs::App::Controller::Root; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; BEGIN { extends 'Catalyst::Controller' } __PACKAGE__->config(namespace => ''); sub index :Path :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->response->body($c->welcome_message); } sub default :Path { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->response->body('Page not found'); $c->response->status(404); } sub end : ActionClass('RenderView') {}
- 30. Tiene Router + Dispatcher Static::Simple Controller Root Acción por defecto
- 32. Contexto ~ $c
- 33. Catalyst::Request $c->request $c->req # alias $c->req->params->{foo}; $c->req->cookies->{name}; $c->req->headers->content_type; $c->req->base; $c->req->uri_with( { page => 3 } );
- 34. Catalyst::Response $c->response $c->res # alias $c->res->body('Hello World'); $c->res->status(404); $c->res->redirect('http://barcelona.pm'); # CGI::Simple::Cookie $c->res->cookies->{foo} = { value => '123' };
- 35. Catalyst::Log $c->log $c->log->debug('Something happened'); $c->log->info('Something you should know');
- 36. Stash $c->stash( key => 'value' ); $c->stash( 'key' ); # 'value' $c->stash->{key} = [1..10]; $c->stash->{key}; # [1..10] Dura un request-response completo Paso de datos entre componentes
- 37. Routes ~ Controller actions
- 38. Nuevo Controller $ ./script/curs_app_create.pl controller Example exists ".../Curs-App/script/lib/Curs/App/Controller" exists ".../Curs-App/script/t" created ".../Curs-App/lib/Curs/App/Controller/Example.pm" created ".../Curs-App/t/controller_Example.t"
- 39. lib/Curs/App/Controller/Example.pm package Curs::App::Controller::Example; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; BEGIN {extends 'Catalyst::Controller'; } # /example sub index :Path :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->res->body('Example index match!'); }
- 40. Controller Actions Literal match (:Path) Root-level (:Global) = Path('/...') Namespace-prefixed (:Local) = Path('.../') Restricción de argumentos (:Args)
- 41. /example/cero/... sub cero :Local { my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; $c->res->body('Args: ' . join ', ', @args); } /example/uno sub uno :Local :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->res->body(':Local :Args(0)'); }
- 42. /example/dos sub dos :Path('dos') :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->res->body(":Path('dos') :Args(0)"); } /example/tres sub tres :Path('/example/tres') :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->res->body(":Path('/example/tres') :Args( }
- 43. /hola/mundo sub cuatro :Path('/hola') :Args(1) { my ( $self, $c, $arg1 ) = @_; $c->res->body("Hola $arg1!"); }
- 44. Controller Actions Pattern-match :Regex() & :LocalRegex()
- 45. /item23/order32 sub cinco :Regex('^item(d+)/order(d+)$') { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; my $item = $c->req->captures->[0]; my $order = $c->req->captures->[1]; $c->res->body( "(cinco) Item: $item | Order: $order" ); }
- 46. /example/item23/order32 sub seis :LocalRegex('^item(d+)/order(d+)$') { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; my $item = $c->req->captures->[0]; my $order = $c->req->captures->[1]; $c->res->body( "(seis) Item: $item | Order: $order" ); }
- 47. Controller Actions Privadas & control flow :Private forward() & detach()
- 48. sub now :Local :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->forward('stash_now'); $c->detach('say_now'); $c->log->debug('ouch!'); } sub stash_now :Private { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->stash( now => DateTime->now ); } sub say_now :Private { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->res->body($c->stash->{now}); }
- 50. Default controller action sub default : Path {} Como default, con mas precedencia sub index :Path Args(0) {}
- 51. Antes de la acción, solo una vez sub begin :Private {} Despues de la acción, solo una vez sub end :Private {} Despues de begin, de menos especifico a mas especifico sub auto :Private {} Si retorna false se salta hasta end()
- 52. Chained actions :Chained
- 53. sub with_now : PathPart('example/now') Chained( '/' ) CaptureArgs( 0 ) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->forward('stash_now'); } sub show_now : PathPart('show') Chained( 'with_now' ) Args( 0 ) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->detach('say_now'); }
- 54. Chained es MUY potente, pero antes tenemos que añadir algunas cosas mas...
- 55. Vistas Template toolkit + JSON
- 56. $ script/curs_app_create.pl view Web TT exists ".../Curs-App/script/../lib/Curs/App/View" exists ".../Curs-App/script/../t" created ".../Curs-App/script/../lib/Curs/App/View/Web.pm" created ".../Curs-App/script/../t/view_Web.t"
- 57. lib/Curs/App/View/Web.pm Curs::App::View::Web; use Moose; extends 'Catalyst::View::TT'; __PACKAGE__->config( TEMPLATE_EXTENSION => '.tt', CATALYST_VAR => 'c', TIMER => 0, ENCODING => 'utf-8' WRAPPER => 'layout', render_die => 1, ); 1;
- 58. lib/Curs/App.pm __PACKAGE__->config( # ... 'View::Web' => { INCLUDE_PATH => [ __PACKAGE__->path_to('root', 'src'), __PACKAGE__->path_to('root', 'lib'), ], }, );
- 59. root/lib/layout <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html lang="en-us"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/ <title>Curs avançat de Perl 2012</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css" t </head> <body> [% content %] </body> </html>
- 60. TT y layout en su sitio, hora de cambiar la home
- 61. root/src/index.tt <h1>[% message %]</h1> lib/Curs/App/Controller/Root.pm sub index :Path :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->stash( message => 'Hola mundo!', template => 'index.tt' ); }
- 63. $ ./script/curs_app_create.pl view JSON JSON exists "lib/Curs/App/View" exists "t/" created "lib/Curs/App/View/JSON.pm" created "t/view_JSON.t"
- 64. lib/Curs/App.pm __PACKAGE__->config({ ... 'View::JSON' => { expose_stash => 'json', # defaults to ev }, default_view => 'Web', });
- 65. Uso de View::JSON sub status :Path('/status') :Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->stash( json => { value => 'testing' } ); $c->forward('View::JSON'); }
- 66. Modelo DBIC
- 67. Curs::Schema $ script/curs_app_create.pl model DB DBIC::Schema Curs::Schema exists ".../Curs-App/script/../lib/Curs/App/Model" exists ".../Curs-App/script/../t" created ".../Curs-App/script/../lib/Curs/App/Model/DB.pm" created ".../Curs-App/script/../t/model_DB.t"
- 68. Config por defecto curs_app.conf name Curs::App <Model::DB> connect_info dbi:SQLite:dbname=curs_schema connect_info connect_info <connect_info> sqlite_unicode 1 RaiseError 1 </connect_info> </Model::DB>
- 69. Deploy! $ ./script/schema_deploy.pl Creating sql/Curs-Schema-1-SQLite.sql => done. Making initial deploy (ddbb has no version) => done.
- 70. Nuestro schema es un componente más ahora! sub action :Local { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->res->body( $c->model('DB::User')->first->email ); }
- 71. Authentication & Authorization
- 72. Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication & Catalyst::Plugin:Authorization::Roles + Catalyst::Plugin::Session
- 73. lib/Curs/App.pm use Catalyst qw/ ... Session Session::State::Cookie Session::Store::File Authentication Authorization::Roles /;
- 74. __PACKAGE__->config( ... 'Plugin::Authentication' => { default_realm => 'users', realms => { users => { credential => { class => 'Password', password_field => 'password', password_type => 'self_check', }, store => { class => 'DBIx::Class', user_model => 'DB::User', role_relation => 'roles', role_field => 'name', id_field => 'email' } } }
- 75. } } }, ); Nuevos metodos en la app $c->authenticate( email => $email, password => $pwd ); $c->user_exists; $c->user;
- 76. Todo listo Necesitamos un form para login :-(
- 77. HTML::FormHandler al rescate! :-)
- 78. lib/Curs/App/Form/Login.pm package Curs::App::Form::Login; use HTML::FormHandler::Moose; extends 'HTML::FormHandler'; use Email::Valid; has_field 'email' => ( type => 'Text', required => 1, apply => [{ check => sub { Email::Valid->address( $_[0] ) }, message => 'Must be a valid email addres }] );
- 79. lib/Curs/App/Form/Login.pm has_field 'password' => ( type => 'Password', required => 1 ); has_field 'submit' => ( type => 'Submit', value => 'Login' );
- 80. Ahora sí!
- 81. Un controller nuevo para auth $ ./script/curs_app_create.pl controller Auth ...
- 82. lib/Curs/App/Controller/Auth.pm package Curs::App::Controller::Auth; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; BEGIN {extends 'Catalyst::Controller'; } use Curs::App::Form::Login;
- 83. sub login :Path(/login) Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; my $form = Curs::App::Form::Login->new(); my $creds = { email => $form->value->{email}, password => $form->value->{password} }; if ( $form->process( params => $c->req->params if ( $c->authenticate( $creds ) ) { $c->detach('after_login_redirect'); } else { $form->field('password')->add_error( 'Inva } } $c->stash( template => 'auth/login.tt', form => $form ); }
- 84. root/src/auth/login.tt <div id="login"> [% form.render %] </div>
- 85. =head2 need_login Ensure user exists on the chain. =cut sub need_login :PathPart( '' ) Chained( '/' ) CaptureArgs( 0 ) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; unless ( $c->user_exists ) { $c->session->{after_login_path} = '/' . $c-> $c->res->redirect( $c->uri_for_action( $c->controller('Auth') ->action_for('login') ) ); $c->detach; } }
- 86. =head2 need_role_admin Ensure user with the admin role. =cut sub need_role_admin :PathPart('admin') Chained('need_login') CaptureArgs(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; unless ( $c->check_user_roles( 'admin' ) ) { $c->res->body('You need admin role for this $c->detach(); } }
- 87. En otro controller ... perdido en otra galaxia ...
- 88. =head2 element_chain Base chain for actions related to one user =cut sub element_chain :PathPart('user') Chained('/auth/need_login') CaptureArgs(1) { my ( $self, $c, $user_id ) = @_; $c->stash( user => $c->model('DB::User') ->find( $user_id ) ); unless ( $c->stash->{user} ) { $c->detach( '/error/element_not_found', [ 'u } }
- 89. sub view :PathPart() Chained('element_chain') Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->stash( template => 'user/view.tt' ); } sub delete :PathPart() Chained('element_chain') Args(0) { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->stash->{user}->delete; # ... }
- 90. Plugin vs TraitFor
- 91. Plugin global vs Plugin for component
- 92. TraitFor Controller Role para el controller
- 93. package Catalyst::TraitFor::Controller::WithDate use MooseX::MethodAttributes::Role; use namespace::autoclean; use DateTime; has 'stash_key' => ( is => 'ro', default => 'dat after 'auto' => sub { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->stash( $self->stash_key => DateTime->now }; sub auto : Private { 1 }
- 94. Trait's locales
- 95. package Curs::App::TraitFor::Controller::WithDBI use MooseX::MethodAttributes::Role; use namespace::autoclean; require 'model_name'; require 'base_chain'; has stash_key => ( is => 'ro', default => sub { lc @{[split /::/, shift->model_name ]}[- } );
- 96. ... sub item :PathPart('') Chained('base_chain') Cap my ( $self, $c, $id ) = @_; $c->stash->{ $self->stash_key } = $c->model( $self->model_name )->find($ || $c->detach('missing'); } sub missing { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->res->code(404); $c->res->body('Not found!'); } 1;
- 97. A consumir!
- 98. package Curs::App::Controller::Event; use Moose; use namespace::autoclean; BEGIN {extends 'Catalyst::Controller'} has model_name => ( is => 'ro', default => 'DB:: with 'Curs::App::TraitFor::Controller::WithDBIC' sub base_chain :PathPart('event') Chained('/') CaptureArgs(1) {} sub delete :PathPart('delete') Chained('item') A my ( $self, $c ) = @_; $c->stash->{event}->delete; }
- 99. https://metacpan.org/search?q=catalyst 896 results
- 100. Plack (ya lo estamos usando)
- 101. $ cpanm -n Starman ... $ starman curs_app.psgi 2012/03/10-11:25:36 Starman::Server (type Net::Server::PreFork) starting! pid(73661) Binding to TCP port 5000 on host * Setting gid to "20 20 20 204 100 98 81 80 79 61
- 102. Más Catalyst IRC #catalyst en irc.perl.org. #catalyst-dev en irc.perl.org (desarrollo). Mailing lists http://lists.scsys.co.uk/mailman/listinfo/catalyst http://lists.scsys.co.uk/mailman/listinfo/catalyst- dev
- 103. Manual Ejercicios https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual Añadir un metodo (API) que deje ver datos de UN usuario en JSON: /user/1/json Extra: vista json que devuelva array de usuarios (sin repetir codigo) Añadir una vista que liste los eventos (Creados en la práctica anterior) Crear una acción (solo para admins), un formulario y su plantilla para crear un evento y otra para editarlo.