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Operating System Security

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Ramesh Upadhaya
Ramesh Upadhaya

The document discusses operating system (OS) security. It begins by defining an OS and explaining that OS security refers to protecting information and data used on a computer system. It then lists some key OS security issues like physical security, authentication, software vulnerabilities, and malware. Several main security threats to OS are described such as unauthorized access, unauthorized resource use, data theft, and denial of service attacks. The document provides precautions to improve OS security like setting BIOS passwords, using strong user account passwords, encrypting data, installing antivirus software, and using a personal firewall. It states that Linux and other UNIX-based systems are generally more secure than Windows due to fewer viruses and malware. The conclusion emphasizes that security depends on the

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B.Sc (Computer Science) S.C.S.(A) College, Puri
Introduction OS Security Issues Security Threats In OS Precautions For OS Security The Most Secure OS Conclusion Reference Contents
What is Operating System(OS) ? An operating system is a set of programs designed to run other programs on a computer. OS Security generally refers to the protection of Information stored, as well as the Data we deal with in realtime, while using a Computer System. Introduction Security of an OS depends upon how the system is being used by the administrator and how well it is maintained.
Among the issues to be considered these are the important ones:- Physical Security Authentication Software Vulnerabilities Malwares OS Security Issues
Some of the Main Security Threats of OS are :- Security Threats In OS Unauthorized Access of the system by cracking the Access Security Methods and spoofing Authentication for gaining full access of the system. Unauthorized use of resources by installation of daemons running an unknown file server, or logging every activity of target’s System like keystrokes , screenshots etc. Theft of confidential information, such as credit-card numbers, Account Passwords, programming source codes, secret formulas, medical information, financial information, etc.
Security Threats continue… Some of the Main Security Threats of OS are :- Malicious Modification of data, which may have serious indirect consequences. For example:- A popular game or other program's source code could be modified before being released to the public to open up security holes on systems. Denial of Service, DOS - Preventing authenticated users from using the system, often by overloading the system with an excess of requests for service and to forcefully shut down the system. Viruses are one of the greatest dangers for systems. If they are once on the system , they can do a lot of damage to the system.
Precautions for OS Security To Secure Our System and to avoid the Security breaches we must take some precautions in our OS. So we have to ensure of the Shown Security Components:- Bios Security User Accounts Security Data Security Antivirus Security Firewall
Precautions continue… Bios Security  Bios is the boot menu where the machine selects a OS to boot.  We should Set up a Bios Settings Security password to ensure that nobody can change your Bios settings to load any other OS by which any one cant be able to hack your user accounts Passwords.  Be careful when setting it up if you forgot the password you may not be able to Boot. So only set Password for Bios settings not for Boot.
Mostly all of us login to our systems by using passwords but it is less secure because we always set a simple password which can be easily guessed. User Accounts Security So we need to set a complex password using alphanumeric characters, symbols, Upper Case and lower case letters. Your Password must be strong enough that can’t be guessed or cracked by various Brute force or Dictionary Attacks. Precautions continue…
Data security is Quite important because our private and confidential data needs better Protection to avoid the danger of data stealth. Data Security Precautions continue… It Can Only be done if we lock and Encrypt Our Sensitive Data with a strong password and a highly secure Encryption(128 bit/256 bit) method.  Bit Locker Comes With Windows Default. Various Data Security Softwares Available on the internet. E.g.:-Folder Lock, Folder Protect , Data Locker etc.
Antivirus has the vital role in OS Security and its not preloaded in any system although there is windows defender in every windows os which provides a basic protection fom wellknown threats. Antivirus Security Precautions continue… We Need a good Antivirus Program {Having a good Threat Sense Technology} to secure our systems from viruses like; Trojans, Worms, Spywares, Key loggers, Link Exploits….etc. E.g.:-Eset, Quick Heal, Norton etc.
Firewall Firewall is a Security wall between the Network and the OS.Every connection to outside or inside the OS both requires permission from Firewall. Precautions continue… As Windows OS got Firewall but it is not interactive, for which unwanted programs gets internet access and transmit data from the System. So we must install a Personal Firewall to manually Block those unwanted programs to access internet and to restrict them from sending and receiving Data over the Network. E.g.:-Netpeeker Personal Firewall
Windows is the most used OS among computers that’s why it becomes priority of attacker’s to attack windows users and it’s made quite easy for them by the availability of more no. of viruses and malwares for windows platform . The Most Secure OS Nowadays Linux and other UNIX-based Systems are the most secure operating systems. Because it has very less number of viruses and malwares as compared to windows. E.g.:-Ubuntu, OpenSuse ,Fedora, RedHat etc. Linux OS
Conclusion The security of Operating System depends on us because the more precautions we will take the more secure our Operating System will be. Note:- # Always make sure that your antivirus is up-to-date and it provides genuine protection from all the latest threats. # ‘Laptop Users’ if you are not using your webcam then disable it from the device manager its quite obvious that someone watching you from your webcam.
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Operating System Security

  • 2. Introduction OS Security Issues Security Threats In OS Precautions For OS Security The Most Secure OS Conclusion Reference Contents
  • 3. What is Operating System(OS) ? An operating system is a set of programs designed to run other programs on a computer. OS Security generally refers to the protection of Information stored, as well as the Data we deal with in realtime, while using a Computer System. Introduction Security of an OS depends upon how the system is being used by the administrator and how well it is maintained.
  • 4. Among the issues to be considered these are the important ones:- Physical Security Authentication Software Vulnerabilities Malwares OS Security Issues
  • 5. Some of the Main Security Threats of OS are :- Security Threats In OS Unauthorized Access of the system by cracking the Access Security Methods and spoofing Authentication for gaining full access of the system. Unauthorized use of resources by installation of daemons running an unknown file server, or logging every activity of target’s System like keystrokes , screenshots etc. Theft of confidential information, such as credit-card numbers, Account Passwords, programming source codes, secret formulas, medical information, financial information, etc.
  • 6. Security Threats continue… Some of the Main Security Threats of OS are :- Malicious Modification of data, which may have serious indirect consequences. For example:- A popular game or other program's source code could be modified before being released to the public to open up security holes on systems. Denial of Service, DOS - Preventing authenticated users from using the system, often by overloading the system with an excess of requests for service and to forcefully shut down the system. Viruses are one of the greatest dangers for systems. If they are once on the system , they can do a lot of damage to the system.
  • 7. Precautions for OS Security To Secure Our System and to avoid the Security breaches we must take some precautions in our OS. So we have to ensure of the Shown Security Components:- Bios Security User Accounts Security Data Security Antivirus Security Firewall
  • 8. Precautions continue… Bios Security  Bios is the boot menu where the machine selects a OS to boot.  We should Set up a Bios Settings Security password to ensure that nobody can change your Bios settings to load any other OS by which any one cant be able to hack your user accounts Passwords.  Be careful when setting it up if you forgot the password you may not be able to Boot. So only set Password for Bios settings not for Boot.
  • 9. Mostly all of us login to our systems by using passwords but it is less secure because we always set a simple password which can be easily guessed. User Accounts Security So we need to set a complex password using alphanumeric characters, symbols, Upper Case and lower case letters. Your Password must be strong enough that can’t be guessed or cracked by various Brute force or Dictionary Attacks. Precautions continue…
  • 10. Data security is Quite important because our private and confidential data needs better Protection to avoid the danger of data stealth. Data Security Precautions continue… It Can Only be done if we lock and Encrypt Our Sensitive Data with a strong password and a highly secure Encryption(128 bit/256 bit) method.  Bit Locker Comes With Windows Default. Various Data Security Softwares Available on the internet. E.g.:-Folder Lock, Folder Protect , Data Locker etc.
  • 11. Antivirus has the vital role in OS Security and its not preloaded in any system although there is windows defender in every windows os which provides a basic protection fom wellknown threats. Antivirus Security Precautions continue… We Need a good Antivirus Program {Having a good Threat Sense Technology} to secure our systems from viruses like; Trojans, Worms, Spywares, Key loggers, Link Exploits….etc. E.g.:-Eset, Quick Heal, Norton etc.
  • 12. Firewall Firewall is a Security wall between the Network and the OS.Every connection to outside or inside the OS both requires permission from Firewall. Precautions continue… As Windows OS got Firewall but it is not interactive, for which unwanted programs gets internet access and transmit data from the System. So we must install a Personal Firewall to manually Block those unwanted programs to access internet and to restrict them from sending and receiving Data over the Network. E.g.:-Netpeeker Personal Firewall
  • 13. Windows is the most used OS among computers that’s why it becomes priority of attacker’s to attack windows users and it’s made quite easy for them by the availability of more no. of viruses and malwares for windows platform . The Most Secure OS Nowadays Linux and other UNIX-based Systems are the most secure operating systems. Because it has very less number of viruses and malwares as compared to windows. E.g.:-Ubuntu, OpenSuse ,Fedora, RedHat etc. Linux OS
  • 14. Conclusion The security of Operating System depends on us because the more precautions we will take the more secure our Operating System will be. Note:- # Always make sure that your antivirus is up-to-date and it provides genuine protection from all the latest threats. # ‘Laptop Users’ if you are not using your webcam then disable it from the device manager its quite obvious that someone watching you from your webcam.