M1802028591

IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)
e-ISSN: 2278-0661,p-ISSN: 2278-8727, Volume 18, Issue 2, Ver. II (Mar-Apr. 2016), PP 85-91
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/0661-1802028591 www.iosrjournals.org 85 | Page
An Approach for Resource Management by Volunteering
Community Cloud for an Educational Use
Shital Raju Akulwar1
, Bhushan A. Ugale2
1,2
Computer Science & Engineering, Ballarpur Institute Of Technology, India
Abstract : In today’s (Information Technology) IT world, the service providers and the service users playing
an important role. So the satisfactions at both the ends are also very important. This is a very common problem
where the service user is always cost conscious about the product and in rural area there is no chance for
affording these services. Also the service providers are not interested in doing so. In this paper, by making the
use of underutilized resources in an optimized and efficient manner we provide the service to the user which
will be in less cost. This service is in the form of web-app and it can useful in various fields but we use this app
in Education which is more needed. The community cloud is volunteer for making use of underutilized
resources with the virtualization and Gale Shapley Algorithm for load balancing which is use for resource
management.
Keywords : Hypervisor, Virtualization, Gale Shapley Algorithm or SMP, DPS, Thin Client, TCO
I. Introduction
With the tremendous growth in (Information Technology) IT industries and popularity of its services in
the general public, every company want to migrate toward the cloud computing because of its easy service
policies and its availability to the user. But apart from these all things, Cloud computing service provider need
to think about the basic things like security and resource management. We know cloud computing is all about
managing resource in a proper manner to give more benefit to the customer. In this paper we try to use the
existing resource to power the customers or educational institution using underutilized computing machine.
We volunteer the cloud for educational use by using the existing underutilized resources. The user can
demand and consume the required services .Our education system should take advantage of this same trend,
which will both enrich our student‟s technology-enabled education, and importantly, reduce the budget impact
in academic institutions[3].This concept will further elaborate in next section. Also we are trying to integrate the
load balancing with the underutilized resources. Optimised resource utilisation is achieved by a well-designed
underlying hardware infrastructure, a real time resource scheduling algorithm, and a set of migrating operations
of VM‟s [1]. We use the virtualization for resource management with the Xen which provide Para virtualization
and full virtualization.
II. Existing Techniques
1. Client-Server Model
The client-server model computing is the older but with its three building blocks i.e. client, middleware
and the server gives the user friendly environment to the user and user feels, it is there server and they can do
anything they please with it. In the big competitive world where people are overvalued by the new technologies
era, the client-server model is still used for the small business and departments.
2. Grid Computing
A grid computing system can be as simple as a collection of similar computers running on the same
operating system or as complex as inter-networked systems comprised of every computer platform you can
think of. The connection between the application and resources are in the form of pervasive network fabric or
grid, which is the heart of grid computing. Using IP-based networks, a grid links hundreds or thousands of
servers and desktop computers into a supercomputing engine capable of delivering massive amounts of
computational power and other IT resources. In today‟s world, the grid computing is used on a very large scale
in some industries.
3. Software as a service (Saas)
The cloud computing enhance itself by providing software as service. Different from the traditional
model, in Saas the software (application) is already installed and configured. The user has the advantage of
provisioning the server for an instance in cloud and in a couple hours they can have the application [top five
advantage of cloud].This will result in reduction of time and with the multi-tenant behavior the reduction of cost
is also achieved. Hence we make use of this technology in our proposed model. We can make use of

An Approach For Resource Management By Volunteering Community Cloud For An Educational Use
underutilized resources by adopting the virtualization and give service to the user in lower cost. The user who
can use this service can be a school faculty or a shop owner, who are not aware about these services (software)
and always cost conscious. In our model, the underutilized resources that we are going to use is from any
organization or educational institution, hence we are having our volunteer community cloud which can be more
useful for involving the other organizations in it for donating the processing.
4. Virtualization
Virtualization technology diverts the human's perspective for utilizing IT resources from physical to
logical. The goal of virtualization is to collaboratively utilize the IT resources such as storage, processor and
network to maximum level and to reduce the cost of IT resources which can be achieved by combining multiple
idle resources into shared pools and creating different virtual machines to perform various tasks simultaneously
[2].There are some basic techniques include when we use virtualization. The techniques are emulation,
hypervisor, full, Para and hardware assisted virtualization.
There are three types of virtualization i.e. Server, Desktop Client and Storage. The server virtualization consist
of full, Para, hardware assisted virtualization.
4.1 Para virtualization
It provides the special hyper call that substitute the instruction set architecture of host machine. It
connects the hypervisor and operating system to improve efficiency and performance. It is more preferred over
the full virtualization.
4.2 Full Virtualization
The Hypervisor creates isolated environment between the guest or virtual server and the host or server
hardware. Operating system directly access the hardware controllers and its peripheral devices without
cognizant of virtualized environment and requirement modification [2].
Fig(1). Virtualization type
5. The Community Cloud Storage
“Cloud infrastructure [that] is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers
from organizations that have shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance
considerations). It may be owned, managed, and operated by one or more of the organizations in the
community, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises[according to
NIST].” The similar needs of organization can achieve by community storage, hence it is beneficial to use when
we have to perform the collaborative work.
III. Why Cloud Computing?
This question can be better answered by the today's IT industry. Nowadays in IT world we even cannot
imagine the service without the cloud. The cloud computing is mostly focused on use of services rather than the
use of collaborative sharing of resources like grid computing. Also it gives the great scalability and
transparency which cannot achieve by the others. It provides the real time services and it can be centralized or
decentralized as well as distributed also. These facilities are not offered by the other technologies. By using
cloud we can handle multiple OS with the hypervisor and the most important feature of cloud is that it can
reduce the cost and time as well, also there is no limitation of space, place and time i.e. you can access your data
from anywhere and anytime. These facilities of cloud are more than sufficient for adopting cloud in our model.

IV. Current Scenario Of Software Industry
Nowadays, a software industry integrated with the „cloud‟ and creating a new vision of providing
services to the customers. The cloud integrates your data in a centralized manner. In our software industry the
customers are now called as „cloud customers‟. They manage their data integrated with the cloud. There are
many companies who are always ready to provide these services. Earlier, managing your data is quite a difficult
task with the big databases which are located on your disk and also it will help to increase the cost of memory
space. But „cloud‟ brings this situation in very interesting and easy way. The „Smart Cloud Customer‟ having
there all data in cloud. So they do not worry about the memory space or losing their data. The best benefit of
cloud is you can access your data from anywhere and anytime; this tremendous facility attracts the customers
for integrating with the cloud.
The IT industry having lots of companies who are always ready to provide you services, only the
condition is that you have to pay for this. No matter what your requirement is and what your business is about,
they provide service according to your wish. Also the cost is increased with your increasing requirement. The
service provider companies give the service to the stand alone application and others also. As Software Industry
grows towards the great success by providing services integrated with the cloud to the big cities and socially
connected area. In India, especially there is a very big population and most of the people live in rural area,
where the big companies cannot reach easily towards them. Also there are lots of people who want to do
business in a smart way and the schools who want to make their work easy but the „cost‟ factor will be the
attention seeker for them. Hence they have to compromise with the situation.
V. Proposed Model
Using the existing technologies and resources, in this paper we proposed a model which will be more
useful for the people who are deprived from the services provided by the big companies and cannot afford the
rental charge of these services.
Basically, in this model we are trying to build our community cloud which will be used for providing services.
Nowadays in India, there are many institutes who are having rich computer network. This will help the student
to explore their knowledge. Suppose we consider a single institute in which the computers are get used but at
the same time some of them are not used by the students i.e. they are still underutilized. By using these
underutilized resources we are trying to volunteer our private cloud and it will be used for providing services to
the educational institutes. Also because we are using the underutilized resources it will be result in lower
cost[8]. Hence instead of using the other applications or software which increase cost and involve lot more
complications, you can use this service with its benefits.
1. Use Of Underutilized Resources
When we are using any system, at that time the memory and CPU power are not get completely
utilized. Also in many educational institutions, there are many computer labs for the students, but in this lab all
the pc or systems are not used by the student at a time. So these underutilized resources can be used in an
efficient manner. For implementing this idea we use virtualization concept.
1.1 Citrix Xen Server
Over the years, the Citrix Xen Server has been labelled as the strongest and fastest virtualization
software available in the industry. It's a complete, managed server virtualization platform that has been in the
business since 2009.This allows the IT staff to closely monitor, administer, and manage several VMs coming
from a centralized management console of Xen. Also it takes very less time for starting VM‟s. Hence it is more
efficient than others. Citrix Xen server is designed to optimize the private data centre and clouds today and in
the future.
1.2 Use of Citrix Xen Server
In this model we use Citrix Xen server .By installing Citrix Xen server, we create the four virtual
machines, two of them are 32-bit and other two are of 64-bit. By using this virtualization concept we can
monitor the memory and processor uses of the various system and we can use the unutilized memory and
processor for processing the data of the other user.

Fig(2). Use of underutilized resources by virtualization
1.3 Web App for Educational Use
The results of a survey that have been completed in 2009 by Gartner analysts (Fig.3) about the IT
trends (especially cloud computing) show that it is being used more in the areas of finance and business when
compared to other sectors (Gartner, 2009). Results are shown as a pie chart and the labels on each different slice
represent different industrial sectors and services. The “/” is used to separate different sectors with the same
percentage [3]. This is the older statistics of cloud in education.
The cloud has an indefinite power and we can use this power in our education for enhancing it more. So for this
we are creating a web app and deploy it on a Citrix Xen server.
Fig (3). Cloud Usage
This app is basically used for the schools and the colleges in the rural areas. By using this application
the user or we can say a school authority can manage their school activities without expending more. The best
advantage of using this app is that the user do not have to worry about his/her data or information and its
storage with its maintenance. In our proposed model, the resource utilization is done through this app. Because
we are using the underutilized resources ,the cost required for this type of application is get reduced and also the
user can manage their data very easily.
The cloud has already demonstrated it impact on different industries and is now set to take over the
education sector. According to survey 2012, only 6% of institution where using the cloud in past two years.
Today we see the great numbers of school and colleges using server and applications provided by various
companies. In March 2014, the company reported that 110 million students and faculty staff where using office
365 in cloud to support critical learning and teaching processes. According to national survey carried out in
2015, 98% of educators believe that websites perform the most important educational function and account for
increased students and parental engagement [4].This information make sense in building app for educational use
in cloud.
2. Load Balancing For Resource Management
In this paper we are using the Gale Shapley Algorithm which gives the explicit idea for implementing
load balancing technique. The Fig.(4) Shows the actual idea about the Gale Shapley Algorithm and
diagrammatic description of its working. A matching is a mapping from the elements of one set to the elements

of the other set. Given n men and n women, where each person has ranked all members of the opposite sex in
order of preference, marry the men and women together such that there are no two people of opposite sex who
would both rather have each other than their current partners. When there are no such pairs of people, the set of
marriages is deemed stable. A SMP (Stable Matching Problem) give the two equal sized sets of elements where
the orders of preferences are selected. A matching is stable whenever it is not the case that both these two
conditions hold.
There is an element A of the first matched set which prefers some given element B of the second
matched set over the element to which A is already matched, and B also prefers A over the element to which B
is already matched.
a matching is stable when there does not exist any match (A, B) by which both A and B are individually better
off than they would be with the element to which they are currently matched. The runtime complexity of this
algorithm is where is number of men or women. Resource management in the cloud can be
naturally cast as a stable matching problem, where the overall pattern of common and conflicting interests
between stakeholders can be resolved by confining our attention to outcomes that are stable. This algorithms
considers the client interest and shut the machine off which is less preferred and migrate the VM to another one
which is most preferred[7].For maintaining the resources with equality of load can be easy by using SMP and
also it will save the time of user for accessing the service.
Fig (4).Gale Shapley Algorithm
2.1 Load Management of Resources
The ability to dynamically adjust the performance of computer components proportionally to their
power consumption is called Dynamic Performance Scaling (DPS). It is possible to adjust the computer supply
voltage when it is not fully utilized. Based on this idea, many techniques are adopted. In this algorithm, the
nominal MIPS (N) for each host represents the maximum computing capability of the host at the maximum
frequency, while the host load (c) represents the current load of the host in MIPS. The load on host h is
computed using equation below, which is equal to the ratio of maximum computing
Capability to current load. The data-centre load is computed using below equation, which is equal to
the average load on all its hosts [7].
This resultant load will be help to find the maximum load of the resource and we can manage the resources by
implementing the resource management algorithm.

Fig (5).Complete Architecture of Proposed Model
VI. Benefits Over Introduced Model
Factors Benefits
Community
Cloud
Can take benefits of both public and private cloud,
Multitenant platform(i.e. presence can be either on site or offsite),
Cost can be cheaper due to division of cost among all participants.
Server
Virtualization
Reduce number of servers, Reduce TCO (Total Cost of Ownership), Improve availability, availability
of your virtual environment.
Saas, Iaas Automatic updates and patch management, Global accessibility, Scalability, No investment in
hardware, Physical security of data centres locations for servers
Educational
App
Browser based access-Teachers, students and staff can access educational tools from anywhere with
any device.
Allows software standardization, a shared pool of applications for use school or district-wide, and
easier maintenance through centralized licensing and update
Provides a flexible, scalable, cost- effective model that does not tie schools to out-of-date
infrastructure or application investments.
Thin Client- The thinnest platforms are hardware that receives most or all of their applications and
operating systems from the server. With thin platforms, some applications and operating systems are
installed and some are delivered through the cloud [5].
All or nothing- Schools can determine how much and what gets served over the cloud [5].
Load Balancing Redundancy, Scalability, Flexibility, Ease to manage resources
VII. Security Over Proposed Model
In this model, we are encrypting the user's data and there information for the security purpose. This
will provide the following advantages.
1. Transmit Securely
Just as data security is ensured on all devices, encrypting data also provides security benefits during
transmission.
2. Guarantee data integrity
Targeted data theft is one high but another way to misuse data is through manipulation.
3. Ensure Compliance
These may involve archiving banking data or providing special protections for customer information.
Main advantage relates to the overarching theme of theft. Given that data is encrypted before it is written to the
server, a hacker would need to have access to the database contents as well as the applications that were used to
encrypt and decrypt the contents of the database in order to decrypt sensitive data. [6]

VIII. Conclusion
In this paper we come to the conclusion that using the existing resources will tends to the reusability of
the resources in better way. We know the core of cloud computing is the auto provisioned of the resources and
the resources which are available on demand. Here we try to do the same using existing resources and doing
volunteer for the processes and the storage. In section V, we are providing the service to the user in the form of
web-app and also in subsections A & B, the use of underutilized resources with virtualization and load balancing
for resource management. These all are conclude with our proposed model with its benefits and security given
in section VI & VII .By implementing this idea we can solve the problems of many cost conscious users and
also the organizations who want to tie up with the other organization by involving there resources. By this way
we can say that we can use underutilized resource to power education and gives boost to normal users to use
high-end resources.
References
[1]. Sijin He, Li Guo, Yike Guo Real Time Elastic Cloud Management for Limited Resources, IEEE 4th International Conference on
Cloud Computing, 2011.
[2]. Durairaj. M, Kannan.P, A Study On Virtualization Techniques And Challenges In Cloud Computing, International Journal Of
Scientific & Technology Research Volume 3, Issue 11, November 2014 Issn 2277-8616.
[3]. Tuncay Ercana*, Effective use of cloud computing in educational institutions, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 2 (2010)
938–942, ScienceDirect.
[4]. http://www.cloudwards.net/beyond-business-collaboration-how-educational-institutions-use-the-cloud/
[5]. http://www.intel.co.uk/content/dam/doc/case-study/cloud-computing-education-21st-century-e-learning-study.pdf
[6]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_encryption
[7]. Bhushan A.Ugale, Sahil Sakhala, Jigneshkumar H. Patel, An Approach for Resource Management in Cloud Computing to
Reducing Power Consumption, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) NCETECE`14 Conference
Proceedings ISSN: 2278-0181
[8]. Bhushan A.Ugale, Piyush Soni, Tsering Pema, and Anirudha Patil, Role of Cloud Computing for Smart Grid of India and its
Cyber Security, Institute Of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad – 382 481, 08-10 December, 2011.

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