Linux06 nfs

NFS
Network
File
System

Jainul A. Musani

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NFS – Network File System
• A Network File System (NFS) allows
remote hosts to mount file systems over
a network and access those file systems as
they are mounted locally.
• NFS operates over TCP/IP network.
• NFS enables you to mount a file system on a
remote computer.
• Directly access any of the files on that
remote file system

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Example:
if you were using a computer
linked to a second computer via
NFS, you could access files on the
second computer as if they resided
in a directory on the first computer.


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• This is accomplished through the
processes of exporting (the process
by which an NFS server provides
remote clients with access to its files)
and mounting (the process by which
file systems are made available to
the operating system and the user).

• Access to your NFS server can be
controlled by the
/etc/host.allow
and
/etc/hosts.deny

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• Being graphical you must have the
X-window system running able to
use the tool
• Redhat icon
Administration
Server Setting
NFS

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• manually configure in following
file…

/etc/exports

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The NFS daemons are listed
OR
The following RPC processes
facilitate NFS services:

• rpc.nfsd  receives NFS requests
from remote system
• rpc.mountd  performs requested
mount & unmount operations
• rpc.portmapper  maps remote
request to the appropriate NFS
daemon

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• rpc.rquotad  provides user
disk quote management
• rpc.statd  provides locking
services when a remote host
reboots.

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NFS Versions

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Currently, there are three versions
of NFS...
• NFS version 2 (NFSv2)  is older
and is widely supported.

NFS Versions
• NFS version 3 (NFSv3)  has more
features, including 64bit file handles, Safe
Async writes and more robust error
handling.
• NFS version 4 (NFSv4)  works through
firewalls and on the Internet, no longer
requires portmapper, supports ACLs, and
utilizes stateful operations.

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The NFS Protocol

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• Each relies on Remote Procedure
Calls(RPC) and Portmap(also called
rpc.portmap).
• An RPC server tells portmap which
port will be used and the managed RPC
number.

The NFS Protocol
• A client contacts portmap to get
port number of desired server
program.
• RPC packets are addressed to the
corresponding port
• Use the rpcinfo -p command to
obtain details on services

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Configure NFS Server
Pre-requisists
• A Linux server with
IP address  192.168.0.254 and
hostname  Server
• A linux client with
IP address  192.168.0.1 and
hostname  Client1

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Pre-requisists
• Updated /etc/hosts file on both
Linux system
• Running portmap and xinetd
services
• Firewall should be off on server

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Step – 1:
• Three rpm are required to configure nfs
 server. nfs,
 portmap,
 xinetd

check them if not found then
install.

Step – 2:

• Now restart
•xinetd and
•portmap service

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Step – 3:

• To keep on these services after
reboot on then
via chkconfig command

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Step – 4:
• After reboot verify their status.
It must be in running condition.

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• Step-5 :
now create a /data directory and
grant full permission to it.

Step – 6:
• now open /etc/exports file

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Step – 7:
• share data folder for the network
of 192.168.0.254/24 with read
and write access
Step – 8:
save file with :wq and exit

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Step – 9:
• now restart the nfs service and
also on it with chkconfig.

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NFS Server Configuration Tool
With X-Windows
• Must be running X Windows,
have root privileges, and have the
system-config-nfs RPM package
installed.

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NFS Server Configuration Tool
With X-Windows
 To start the application, click on
System =>
Administration =>
Server Settings => NFS.
 You can also type the command

$system-config-nfs

•Add Share
•The General Options tab allows the following
•options to be configured:

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Linux06 nfs

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