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Linked Data in Linguistics for NLP and Web Annotation

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Sebastian Hellmann

This document discusses leveraging linked open data and semantic web technologies for natural language processing. It proposes three ways: 1) Using linked open data as background knowledge for NLP tasks. 2) Using RDF and ontologies to integrate different NLP tools and approaches. 3) Making NLP output available on the web through standards like the NLP Interchange Format to combine NLP results with the larger web of data. The goal is to close the "semantic gap" between isolated NLP systems and the wealth of linguistic knowledge available in the linked open data cloud.

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Creating Knowledge out of Interlinked Data MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 1 http://lod2.eu Linked Data in Linguistics for NLP and Web Annotation http://nlp2rdf.org http://lod2.eu Sebastian Hellmann AKSW, Universität Leipzig LOD2 Presentation . 02.09.2010 . Page http://lod2.eu
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 2 http://lod2.eu The Semantic Gap
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 3 http://lod2.eu Turning Walled Gardens into Park Networks of Semantic Linguistic Data How can we leverage the Data Web for natural language processing? 50 Billion facts covering all kinds of domains are readily available 1. Use the Data Leverage the wisdom of Web as the crowds background knowledge for NLP 2. Use Data 3. Make the Web output of NLP technologies tools available for integrating RDF is all about on the Data On the Web, by NLP tools & semantic Web sharing and approaches interoperability copying the value of information increases
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 4 http://lod2.eu 1. Use the Data Web as background knowledge for NLP Linguistic Data currently filed under “cross-domain”
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 5 http://lod2.eu 1. Use the Data Web as background knowledge for NLP Three communities with three resources: • Working Group for Open Linguistics Data (OWLG) – > http://linguistics.okfn.org • DBpedia Internationalization Committee – > http://wiki.dbpedia.org/Internationalization • Wiktionary2RDF Wrappers – > http://dbpedia.org/Wiktionary All communities are open, please join!
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 6 http://lod2.eu The Linguistic Linked Open Data Cloud
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 7 http://lod2.eu Main question
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 8 http://lod2.eu Wiktionary2RDF – Mediator Wrapper http://dbpedia.org/Wiktionary
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 9 http://lod2.eu Wiktionary2RDF – Mediator Wrapper http://dbpedia.org/Wiktionary Mediator Lemon
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 10 http://lod2.eu 2. Use Data Web Technologies for Integrating NLP Tools and Approaches Golden Hammer Anti-pattern The question is not whether to use RDF and Linked Data, but when to use... Image from http://pbmo.wordpress.com/2011/09/29/maslows-hammer/
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 11 http://lod2.eu
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 12 http://lod2.eu 2. Use Data Web Technologies for Integrating NLP Tools and Approaches • Ontologies provide (formal) documentation (UML, ERD) • Structure is easy to understand • Wide range of RDF tools can be used, e.g. LOD2 Stack • Indexing and querying as Big Picture possible
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 13 http://lod2.eu 2. Use Data Web Technologies for Integrating NLP Tools and Approaches The NLP Interchange Format (NIF) is an RDF/OWL-based format that aims to achieve interoperability between Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools, language resources and annotations. • Road map • Bootstrapped by LOD2, but a community project • First release in September 2011 • Great resonance – Over 50 people joined the mailing list: http://lists.okfn.org/mailman/listinfo/open-linguistics – First third party implementations and contributions – Several project discuss usage • Currently setting up advisory board, next draft in July
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 14 http://lod2.eu S. Auer and S. Hellmann: The Web of Data: Decentralized, collaborative, interlinked and interoperable LREC 2012, http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2012/keynotes/LREC%202012.Keynote%20Speech%201.Soeren%20Auer.pdf
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 15 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web Currently there is no standard mechanism to transparently combine the WWW, GGG and NLP GGG = Giant Global Graph (basically the Web of Data) see: http://dig.csail.mit.edu/breadcrumbs/node/215
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 16 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 17 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web http://dbpedia.org/spotlight P. Mendes et. al. DBpedia spotlight: Shedding light on the web of documents. In I-Semantics, 2011
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 18 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web http://annotateit.org http://sourceforge.net/projects/fragmentlinks/
MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 19 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web NLP Interchange Format (NIF) join the mailing list at: http://nlp2rdf.org Hellmann et.al.: Towards an Ontology for Representing Strings In: EKAW 2012 http://svn.aksw.org/papers/2012/WWW_NIF/public/string_ontology.pdf
LOD2 Title . 02.09.2010 . Page 20 http://lod2.eu Contact Address University of Leipzig Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Institute of Computer Science Department of Business Information Systems Postfach 100920 04009 Leipzig Germany Project: http://lod2.eu Organisation: http://uni-leipzig.de, http://aksw.org Presenter: http://bis.informatik.uni-leipzig.de/SebastianHellmann NLP2RDF page: http://nlp2rdf.org Acknowledgement: CC-BY-SA some slides are taken from the keynote Thanks for your unless otherwise stated of Sören Auer at LREC 2012

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Linked Data in Linguistics for NLP and Web Annotation

  • 1. Creating Knowledge out of Interlinked Data MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 1 http://lod2.eu Linked Data in Linguistics for NLP and Web Annotation http://nlp2rdf.org http://lod2.eu Sebastian Hellmann AKSW, Universität Leipzig LOD2 Presentation . 02.09.2010 . Page http://lod2.eu
  • 2. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 2 http://lod2.eu The Semantic Gap
  • 3. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 3 http://lod2.eu Turning Walled Gardens into Park Networks of Semantic Linguistic Data How can we leverage the Data Web for natural language processing? 50 Billion facts covering all kinds of domains are readily available 1. Use the Data Leverage the wisdom of Web as the crowds background knowledge for NLP 2. Use Data 3. Make the Web output of NLP technologies tools available for integrating RDF is all about on the Data On the Web, by NLP tools & semantic Web sharing and approaches interoperability copying the value of information increases
  • 4. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 4 http://lod2.eu 1. Use the Data Web as background knowledge for NLP Linguistic Data currently filed under “cross-domain”
  • 5. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 5 http://lod2.eu 1. Use the Data Web as background knowledge for NLP Three communities with three resources: • Working Group for Open Linguistics Data (OWLG) – > http://linguistics.okfn.org • DBpedia Internationalization Committee – > http://wiki.dbpedia.org/Internationalization • Wiktionary2RDF Wrappers – > http://dbpedia.org/Wiktionary All communities are open, please join!
  • 6. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 6 http://lod2.eu The Linguistic Linked Open Data Cloud
  • 7. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 7 http://lod2.eu Main question
  • 8. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 8 http://lod2.eu Wiktionary2RDF – Mediator Wrapper http://dbpedia.org/Wiktionary
  • 9. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 9 http://lod2.eu Wiktionary2RDF – Mediator Wrapper http://dbpedia.org/Wiktionary Mediator Lemon
  • 10. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 10 http://lod2.eu 2. Use Data Web Technologies for Integrating NLP Tools and Approaches Golden Hammer Anti-pattern The question is not whether to use RDF and Linked Data, but when to use... Image from http://pbmo.wordpress.com/2011/09/29/maslows-hammer/
  • 11. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 11 http://lod2.eu
  • 12. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 12 http://lod2.eu 2. Use Data Web Technologies for Integrating NLP Tools and Approaches • Ontologies provide (formal) documentation (UML, ERD) • Structure is easy to understand • Wide range of RDF tools can be used, e.g. LOD2 Stack • Indexing and querying as Big Picture possible
  • 13. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 13 http://lod2.eu 2. Use Data Web Technologies for Integrating NLP Tools and Approaches The NLP Interchange Format (NIF) is an RDF/OWL-based format that aims to achieve interoperability between Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools, language resources and annotations. • Road map • Bootstrapped by LOD2, but a community project • First release in September 2011 • Great resonance – Over 50 people joined the mailing list: http://lists.okfn.org/mailman/listinfo/open-linguistics – First third party implementations and contributions – Several project discuss usage • Currently setting up advisory board, next draft in July
  • 14. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 14 http://lod2.eu S. Auer and S. Hellmann: The Web of Data: Decentralized, collaborative, interlinked and interoperable LREC 2012, http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2012/keynotes/LREC%202012.Keynote%20Speech%201.Soeren%20Auer.pdf
  • 15. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 15 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web Currently there is no standard mechanism to transparently combine the WWW, GGG and NLP GGG = Giant Global Graph (basically the Web of Data) see: http://dig.csail.mit.edu/breadcrumbs/node/215
  • 16. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 16 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web
  • 17. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 17 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web http://dbpedia.org/spotlight P. Mendes et. al. DBpedia spotlight: Shedding light on the web of documents. In I-Semantics, 2011
  • 18. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 18 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web http://annotateit.org http://sourceforge.net/projects/fragmentlinks/
  • 19. MultilingualWeb – 2012/06/11 Dublin – Page 19 http://lod2.eu 3. Make the Output of NLP Tools available on the Web NLP Interchange Format (NIF) join the mailing list at: http://nlp2rdf.org Hellmann et.al.: Towards an Ontology for Representing Strings In: EKAW 2012 http://svn.aksw.org/papers/2012/WWW_NIF/public/string_ontology.pdf
  • 20. LOD2 Title . 02.09.2010 . Page 20 http://lod2.eu Contact Address University of Leipzig Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Institute of Computer Science Department of Business Information Systems Postfach 100920 04009 Leipzig Germany Project: http://lod2.eu Organisation: http://uni-leipzig.de, http://aksw.org Presenter: http://bis.informatik.uni-leipzig.de/SebastianHellmann NLP2RDF page: http://nlp2rdf.org Acknowledgement: CC-BY-SA some slides are taken from the keynote Thanks for your unless otherwise stated of Sören Auer at LREC 2012