Kelas Abad ke 21
- 4. THE WORLD HAS CHANGED
We have moved into a
more demanding cognitive
age, compelling people to
become better at
absorbing, processing and
combining information.
Can we learn to
change with it?
Who might our kindergarten children
be working with on an on-the-job
project in 2025?
8/1/2014
4
- 6. GLOBALIZATION IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF
THIS GENERATION
Because of globalization—the ongoing process of
intensifying economic, social, and cultural
exchanges across the planet—young people the
world over need more innovative thinking skills,
cultural awareness, higher-order cognitive skills,
and sophisticated communication and
collaboration skills than ever before.
8/1/2014
6
- 7. A CHANGING ECONOMY MAKES
“THINKING SKILLS” MORE IMPORTANT
1900 1950 2000
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Low skill jobs Knowledge work jobs
Source: Partnership for 21st Century Skills
http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=120
8/1/2014
7
- 8. 21 ST CENTURY WORLD
The Future World of Work
Creative Work —
• Research
• Development
• Design
• Marketing/Sales
• Global Supply Chain
Management
Source: Partnership for 21st Century Skills
http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=120
8/1/2014
8
- 9. Job Outlook 2002, National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE)
8/1/2014
9
- 10. 7 survival skills in the 21st century;
1.Critical thinking and problem solving;
2.Collaboration across networks and
leading by influence;
3.Agility and adaptability;
4.Initiative and entrepreneurship;
5.Effective oral and written
communication;
6.Accessing and analyzing information;
and
7. Curiosity and imagination.
8/1/2014
10
- 11. Di Malaysia, Kementerian telah mengenal pasti kemahiran
abad ke-21 yang sesuai dengan konteks tempatan dan
dapat menyediakan warga Malaysia untuk bersaing pada
peringkat antarabangsa. Untuk itu, kurikulum kebangsaan
bermatlamat untuk melahirkan murid yang seimbang,
berdaya tahan, bersemangat ingin tahu, berprinsip,
bermaklumat,patriotik, serta mempunyai kemahiran
berfikir berkomunikasi, dan bekerja secara berpasukan
KEMAHIRAN ABAD KE 21-KPM
8/1/2014
11
- 15. Pembelajaran abad ke-21
Dipimpin guru
Arahan langsung
Pengetahuan
Kandungan
Kemahiran asas
Teori
Kurikulum
Individu
Bilik darjah
Pentaksiran sumatif
Belajar untuk sekolah
Berasaskan murid
Pembelajaran kolaboratif
Kemahiran
Proses
Pemikiran Aras Tinggi
Praktikal
Kemahiran hidup
Berkumpulan
Komuniti
Pentaksiran formatif
Belajar untuk kehidupan
Keseimbangan
8/1/2014
15
- 16. “sekolah harus menyediakan peluang pendidikan
dengan kurikulum berasaskan projek yang
autentik dengan keadaan kehidupan sebenar,
melibatkan murid menangani dan menyelesaikan
masalah kehidupan sebenar serta isu yang
penting dalam kehidupan sejagat. Pendidikan
yang diberikan harus meningkatkan pengetahuan
dan kreativiti murid dan pada masa yang sama
membolehkan murid berfikir, menaakul,
membuat keputusan yang bijak, bekerja sebagai
ahli pasukan dan melihat perhubungan dan
perkaitan antara ilmu yang dipelajari merentas
kurikulum.”
The American Association of School Administrators (AASA)
8/1/2014
16
- 17. Menggunakan teknologi
untuk mengakses,
mengurus, mengintegrasi
dan menilai maklumat,
menjana maklumat baru
dan berkomunikasi
dengan orang lain
Kemahiran
hidup &
kerjaya
Kemahiran
Teknologi
Maklumat,
Komunikasi &
Media
Standard &
Pentaksiran
Kurikulum
Pembangunan Profesional
Persekitaran Pembelajaran
•Literasi Maklumat
•Literasi Media
•Literasi Teknologi
Maklumat & Komunikasi)
•Kebolehsuaian &
fleksibel
•Mempunyai inisiatif dan
terarah kendiri
•Kemahiran sosial dan
antara budaya
•Produktiviti &
akauntabiliti
•Tanggungjawab dan
kepimpinan
•Kreativiti & Inovasi
•Pemikiran Kritis dan
Penyelesaian Masalah
•Komunikasi & Kolaborasi
Standard kemahiran
Mata pelajaran teras
dan tema Abad ke-21
Kemahiran belajar &
Inovasi
8/1/2014
17
- 18. “Kandungan” bagi Abad ke-21
Kurikulum Teras + Tema
• Kesedaran global
• Literasi kewangan, ekonomi, perdagangan dan
keusahawanan
• Literasi sivik
• Kesedaran Alam Sekitar
• Kesedaran tentang
aspek kesihatan & kesejahteraan
8/1/2014
18
- 19. Kemahiran belajar abad ke-21
• Kemahiran Maklumat & Komunikasi
– Literasi maklumat & media
– Kemahiran berkomunikasi
• Kemahiran Berfikir Dan Menyelesaikan Masalah
– Pemikiran kritikal dan Bersistem
– Penyelesaian Masalah
– Kreativiti & Semangat Meneroka
• Kemahiran Interpersonal & Arah Kendiri
– Kemahiran Interpersonal dan Kolaborasi
– Arah Kendiri
– Akauntabiliti & adaptasi
– Tanggungjawab Sosial
8/1/2014
19
- 20. Perubahan kepada hasrat pendidikan
Konteks pembelajaran baru membawa perubahan kepada apa yang
dijangkakan melalui pendidikan dan ini melibatkan:
– Kebolehan berkomunikasi
– Kebolehsesuaian untuk berubah
– Kebolehan bekerja dalam pasukan
– Kesediaan menyelesaikan masalah
– Kebolehan menganalisis dan mengkonsepsikan
– Kebolehan membuat refleksi dan menambah baik
– Kebolehan mengurus kendiri
– Kebolehan mencipta, membuat inovasi dan mengkritik
– Kebolehan untuk belajar sepanjang hayat
– Kebolehan untuk mahir dalam pelbagai bidang (cross specialist )
8/1/2014
20
- 21. Kurikulum yang direkabentuk menuntut
kita untuk membuat pilihan tentang apakah
yang penting pada masa kini bagi
membantu pelajar untuk masa depan
mereka.
8/1/2014
21
- 22. CIRI-CIRI INSAN MURID YANG DIHASRATKAN
Kreatif
Berupaya Membuat Hubung-kait Menyoal
Bijak berkomunikasi
Yakin – mengambil risiko
Dahagakan ilmu
Ingin tahu
Menjana idea
Fleksibel
Tidak berputus asa
Mendengar dan membuat refleksi
Kritikal
Berkemahiran
mampu mencorak
Menguasai kemahiran literasi
Berani Mencuba
Mampu berfikir sendiri
Membuat inisiatif Mampu bekerja dengan orang lain
Membuat perubahan
berintegriti
Berkeperibadian tinggi
Semangat ‘ sentiasa boleh’
Belajar dari kesilapan
Berdikari
8/1/2014
22
- 24. Nair and Fielding,
“the ‘early 20th century school design
standard (was) modeled after Henry Ford’s
factory production methods’. Model T.”
8/1/2014
24
- 25. It is a philosophy that starts with the assumption
that a predetermined number of students will all
learn the same thing at the same time from the
same person in the same way in the same place
for several hours each day.
(Nair, Fielding); The Language of School Design: Design Patterns
for 21st Century Schools
8/1/2014
25
- 27. Design for multiple rhythms in the same classroom
Allow every one to be seen and heads
Take advantage of new media
Support the dynamic presentation of information
Design for mentoring and apprenticeship
Design for temporary ownership of space
DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR 21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM
8/1/2014
27
- 28. Campfire
A way to learn
from experts or
storytellers
Watering hole
Learning prom
peers
For small group
discourse and
collaboration
Cave
Places to learn
from yourself
For individual study,
refelction, quiet
reading and creative
flow
PRIMORDIAL LEARNING METAPHORS
Collin, Steve; Classroom for the 21st century
8/1/2014
28
- 29. Campfire
A way to
learn from
experts or
storytellers
Watering
hole
Learning
prom peers
For small
group
discourse
and
collaboration
Cave
Places to
learn from
yourself
For individual
study,
refelction,
quiet reading
and creative
flow
Life
Where you
bring it all
together and
apply is as in
the real
world
PRIMORDIAL LEARNING METAPHORS
8/1/2014
29
- 30. 1) Student-centric:
- students play an active role in their learning
and teachers serve as mere guides.
- Put students’ interests first and are focused
on each student’s needs, abilities and learning
styles.
THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
8/1/2014
30
- 31. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
2 ) Computing devices:
- Computers are readily available in modern
classrooms, since they are essential tools for
21st century students and replace the utilities
of pen and paper.
- Computing devices greatly assist in teaching
and learning and make them more engaging
and effective.
8/1/2014
31
- 32. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
3) Active learning:
In modern classrooms, students are actively
engaged in what they learn. Students
participate in more active learning by working
in groups or on computers and complete
projects and other interesting activities that
help them discover new skills.
8/1/2014
32
- 33. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
4) Adaptive learning:
Any classroom will always have students of
different types of learning abilities in it which
often makes it difficult for teachers to make
sure that all of them understand the concepts.
8/1/2014
33
- 34. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
5) Invitational environment:
The classrooms should not be cramped or
overcrowded. Modern classrooms should have
the basic material required for teaching such
as, interactive whiteboards and LCD projectors
8/1/2014
34
- 35. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
6) Students understand and follow the rules
and procedures:
The learning environment is carefully planned
and well-organized. Class rules, procedures,
and notices of upcoming activities are posted
in convenient places to help students stay on
track.
8/1/2014
35
- 36. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
7 ) Mutual respect:
- Teachers and students should always have
respect for each other.
- teachers should encourage students to speak
with confidence and value their opinions
- students should also co-operate with and
respect their classmates.
8/1/2014
36
- 37. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
8) Students take responsibility of their
learning: As students are encouraged to
actively participate in their own learning, they
become responsible for their learning
8/1/2014
37
- 38. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
9) Performance-based assessments:
Regular performance-based assessments are
carried out by teachers through various
methods which are not restricted to tests.
8/1/2014
38
- 39. THE TOP 10 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM ARE:
10) Collaborative learning:
Learning through collaboration is one of the
most effective forms of learning.
8/1/2014
39
- 47. From primary role as a dispenser of
information to orchestrator of learning
and helping students turn information into
knowledge, and knowledge into wisdom.
8/1/2014
47