Global markets are affected by macroeconomic factors such as GDP, inflation, commodity prices, and monetary policy. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted growth and supply chains. The Russian invasion of Ukraine has led to higher inflation through increased energy and commodity prices. Firms must analyze economic trends and uncertainties to understand opportunities and risks for marketing activities.
This document summarizes key points from a presentation on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It discusses the four main dimensions to achieving the SDGs: economic, social, environmental, and governance. It also outlines some economic challenges, such as high levels of debt in low-income countries, and notes that partnerships are important for achieving the goals.
Vietnam Market Outlook 2021
Agenda:
- Global Outlook 2021
+ Global megatrends 2020-2030
+ Global economics Outlook 2021
- Vietnam Achievements and Rising opportunities
+ Covid-19 has been under control in Vietnam
+ US-China Trade war
+ Vietnam is one of the top destination for foreign investment
+ Increasingly integration into global economy
+ Vietnam economy (Vietnam's economic growth+ GDP per capital increases steady)
+ Vietnam import and export sector (Export and import of Goods in 2020 + Percentage of total import and export turnover of goods in 2020)
+ Vietnam Industrial Production (Index of Industrial Product Growth rate in 2020 compared to 2019 + Productions and Growth rate of key industrial 2020 compared to 2019)
+ Vietnam Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam
+ Vietnam Logistics
+ Vietnam Infrastructure
+ Vietnam Legal (Changes to the Law on Investment)
+ Vietnam Industrial Property
- Factors for choosing conformity assessment partner
- Introduction of Vinacontrol
- Assessment service for Investment and Manufacturing in Vietnam
The document provides an overview of the performance of global and Indian markets and economic indicators in October 2021. Key points include:
1) Indian markets continued their upward momentum in October driven by India's insulation from slowdowns, stable COVID trends, government reforms and low interest rates.
2) Within India, the real estate sector performed strongly while metals lagged.
3) COVID cases and positivity rates remained under control in India, though upcoming festivals will need close monitoring. Vaccination rates picked up in September.
4) Various economic indicators like e-way bills, vehicle registrations, mobility and power consumption show an improvement in economic activity as COVID cases decline and vaccination increases.
Ukrainian Pharmaceutical Market Monthly - Upharmacia - Jan 2018
The document provides an overview of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market indicators for December 2017. Key points include:
- Pharmaceutical exports grew 6% in 2017 to $193.4 million while imports increased 10% to $1767.3 million.
- Retail sales in values grew 16.5% in 2017 to $2731 million and volumes increased 6% to 1685 million units.
- The average cost of a pharmaceutical pack was $1.47 in 2017.
Kickstart Accelerator - How societal change drives investment opportunities
- The document discusses societal trends or "supertrends" that are driving investment opportunities. It covers topics like angry societies and populism, emerging market consumers, infrastructure investment gaps, new technologies like artificial intelligence and blockchain, healthcare trends, population aging, and millennials' values around ESG and clean energy. The document provides data and statistics on each trend to support investment themes.
Brookings Metropolitan Policy Program: Global Cities Initiative, Louisville a...
Presentation by Bruce Katz, Vice President of the Brookings Institution and Director of the Metropolitan Policy Program.
Global Cities Initiative forum in Louisville, KY on June 26, 2014.
The Global Cities Initiative is a Joint Project of Brookings and JPMorgan Chase.
For more information: http://www.brookings.edu/projects/global-cities.aspx
The document provides an overview of the global and Indian economies in 2022. Some key points:
1) 2022 was a challenging year for returns across most asset classes as inflation rose and monetary stimulus was rolled back globally. Commodity prices corrected in the second half after peaking earlier in the year.
2) Global growth normalized in 2022 after swinging in 2020-2021 due to the pandemic, but high inflation, interest rates, and energy prices may weigh on growth in 2023. Fiscal deficits are also returning to pre-pandemic levels for advanced economies.
3) Several headwinds persist for the global economy in 2023 including rapid monetary tightening, high inflation, and central banks
The main gdp drivers of bangladesh & the impact of the covid 19 pandemic on t...
The main GDP drivers of Bangladesh are agriculture, industry, and services. The Covid-19 pandemic is estimated to reduce Bangladesh's GDP growth rate in 2020 to 2% from the projected 8.2% due to lockdowns. Key sectors like ready-made garments, exports, and remittances have been negatively impacted. The pandemic has increased poverty and unemployment in Bangladesh as the economy struggles to recover.
VIETNAM COTTON - YARN MARKET REPORT - JUN 2021 ISSUE
VIETNAM COTTON - YARN MARKET REPORT - JUN 2021 ISSUE
🔹 VIETNAM COTTON AND SPINNING ASSOCIATION (VCOSA) introducing the monthly newsletter - VIETNAM COTTON - YARN MARKET REPORT - JUN 2021 ISSUE
🔹 Featuring:
��� Monthly import statistics (jan - may 2021)
➖ Monthly export statistics (jan - may 2021)
➖ Import price database (jan - may 2021)
➖ Textile - garment industry information update (jan - may 2021)
➖ Textile and garment products import - export performance report
➖ Price of imported cotton
➖ Price of materials and accessories update
📍 This is the beta version
📌 Contact VCOSA - info@vcosa.org.vn for valued information with the Full version of the market report.
-----
VCOSA | VIETNAM COTTON AND SPINNING ASSOCIATION
#VCOSA #HiepHoiBongSoiVietNam #Cotton #Spinning #VCOSAReport
U.S. Electronic Connector Market. Analysis And Forecast to 2020
IndexBox Marketing has just published its report: “U.S. Electronic Connector Market. Analysis And Forecast to 2020”.
The report provides an in-depth analysis of the U.S. electronic connector market. It presents the latest data of the market size and volume, domestic production, exports and imports, price dynamics and turnover in the industry. In addition, the report contains insightful information about the industry, including industry life cycle, business locations, productivity, employment and many other crucial aspects. The Company Profiles section contains relevant data on the major players in the industry.
EU: Spools, Cops And Similar Supports Of Plastics - Market Report. Analysis A...
IndexBox Marketing has just published its report: “EU: Spools, Cops And Similar Supports Of Plastics - Market Report. Analysis And Forecast To 2020”. This report focuses on the EU plastic support market, providing a comprehensive analysis and the most recent data on its market size and volume, EU trade, price dynamics, domestic production, and turnover in the industry. The market trends section reveals the main issues and uncertainties concerning the industry, while the medium-term outlook uncovers market prospects. The attractivity index (IB Index) summarizes the source of existing opportunities as they appear in this market, as well as an interpretation of the trade figures.
The document discusses the economic outlook for Greece and the euro area. It notes that most economic indicators point to relative stagnation in the euro area currently. For Greece, real GDP growth is estimated at 3.6% in 2023, with inflation slowing to 2.5% and unemployment falling further. Several charts show trends in GDP, inflation, fiscal balances, investments and other economic indicators in Greece. EU funding programs like the Recovery and Resilience Facility and the next EU budget will provide around €87 billion for Greece through 2027 to support investments and reforms.
The document summarizes an economic forum held by the Office for National Statistics. It includes an agenda for presentations on the state of the UK economy, measures of economic progress beyond GDP, and experimental regional capital expenditure estimates. The first presentation by the ONS Chief Economist provides an overview of recent economic indicators for the UK like slowing GDP growth, high inflation, and weak business investment. Other presentations explore measuring environmental and social factors related to economic progress and developing subnational capital stock estimates.
The document discusses how technology can drive sustainable and balanced global growth. It notes that the world is changing rapidly with massive economic shifts from Western to Eastern economies. It also highlights major demographic changes like rapid urbanization and aging populations. The document argues that future competition will be between cities and technology can play a role in sustainable growth by creating services that improve productivity, are environmentally friendly, and benefit areas like transportation, education, healthcare and more. It envisions a future where networked information allows communities to be run more efficiently and sustainably.
1) Latvia is experiencing rising inflation driven by increasing energy costs, while economic sentiment remains close to pre-pandemic levels.
2) While exports continue to grow, transportation services exports are still far below pre-COVID levels. Domestic economic activity is also recovering but construction capacity constraints could emerge.
3) Overall the Latvian economy is recovering from the pandemic, but risks remain from supply chain issues, rising prices and the potential of overheating in some sectors like construction.
Merkez bankalarının ekonomik araştırma birimlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı geleneksel yaklaşımlara uygulamalı bakış açısından alternatif yöntem önerileri.
This document provides an agenda and summaries from an economic forum held by the Office for National Statistics. The agenda includes welcome remarks, presentations on the state of the UK economy, energy intensity in consumer prices, and changes in the private rental sector. The state of the economy presentation notes that forecasts point to challenges ahead but the economy has performed better than expected recently. Unemployment is near historic lows while investment remains subdued. Inflation continues to be broad-based. The energy intensity presentation finds that higher energy intensity goods have faced higher inflation recently. The rental sector presentation shows tenants are more likely to have faced price increases over the past year compared to a year ago, especially in London.
The document outlines India's economic growth projections to the year 2020. It discusses India's current GDP growth rate of 8.8% and key sectors like agriculture, manufacturing, and IT that are driving growth. The document also summarizes visions for India's development from late leaders Dr. Abdul Kalam and Dr. C.K. Prahalad, focusing on agriculture, infrastructure, education, healthcare and technology. Strengths like a large workforce and opportunities in sectors like IT are noted, alongside weaknesses such as unemployment and poverty.
This document compares the economies of India and China. It provides statistics on GDP growth rates, composition of GDP by sector, and other economic indicators for both countries. It also discusses key sectors like agriculture, industry, and services. China has experienced faster economic growth than India in recent decades due to differences in their political systems and economic reforms. Both countries have become major global economic powers from being among the poorest 50 years ago.
This document summarizes key points from a presentation on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It discusses the four main dimensions to achieving the SDGs: economic, social, environmental, and governance. It also outlines some economic challenges, such as high levels of debt in low-income countries, and notes that partnerships are important for achieving the goals.
Vietnam Market Outlook 2021
Agenda:
- Global Outlook 2021
+ Global megatrends 2020-2030
+ Global economics Outlook 2021
- Vietnam Achievements and Rising opportunities
+ Covid-19 has been under control in Vietnam
+ US-China Trade war
+ Vietnam is one of the top destination for foreign investment
+ Increasingly integration into global economy
+ Vietnam economy (Vietnam's economic growth+ GDP per capital increases steady)
+ Vietnam import and export sector (Export and import of Goods in 2020 + Percentage of total import and export turnover of goods in 2020)
+ Vietnam Industrial Production (Index of Industrial Product Growth rate in 2020 compared to 2019 + Productions and Growth rate of key industrial 2020 compared to 2019)
+ Vietnam Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam
+ Vietnam Logistics
+ Vietnam Infrastructure
+ Vietnam Legal (Changes to the Law on Investment)
+ Vietnam Industrial Property
- Factors for choosing conformity assessment partner
- Introduction of Vinacontrol
- Assessment service for Investment and Manufacturing in Vietnam
The document provides an overview of the performance of global and Indian markets and economic indicators in October 2021. Key points include:
1) Indian markets continued their upward momentum in October driven by India's insulation from slowdowns, stable COVID trends, government reforms and low interest rates.
2) Within India, the real estate sector performed strongly while metals lagged.
3) COVID cases and positivity rates remained under control in India, though upcoming festivals will need close monitoring. Vaccination rates picked up in September.
4) Various economic indicators like e-way bills, vehicle registrations, mobility and power consumption show an improvement in economic activity as COVID cases decline and vaccination increases.
Ukrainian Pharmaceutical Market Monthly - Upharmacia - Jan 2018Eirhub
The document provides an overview of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market indicators for December 2017. Key points include:
- Pharmaceutical exports grew 6% in 2017 to $193.4 million while imports increased 10% to $1767.3 million.
- Retail sales in values grew 16.5% in 2017 to $2731 million and volumes increased 6% to 1685 million units.
- The average cost of a pharmaceutical pack was $1.47 in 2017.
Kickstart Accelerator - How societal change drives investment opportunitiesNannetteHechlerFaydh
- The document discusses societal trends or "supertrends" that are driving investment opportunities. It covers topics like angry societies and populism, emerging market consumers, infrastructure investment gaps, new technologies like artificial intelligence and blockchain, healthcare trends, population aging, and millennials' values around ESG and clean energy. The document provides data and statistics on each trend to support investment themes.
Presentation by Bruce Katz, Vice President of the Brookings Institution and Director of the Metropolitan Policy Program.
Global Cities Initiative forum in Louisville, KY on June 26, 2014.
The Global Cities Initiative is a Joint Project of Brookings and JPMorgan Chase.
For more information: http://www.brookings.edu/projects/global-cities.aspx
The document provides an overview of the global and Indian economies in 2022. Some key points:
1) 2022 was a challenging year for returns across most asset classes as inflation rose and monetary stimulus was rolled back globally. Commodity prices corrected in the second half after peaking earlier in the year.
2) Global growth normalized in 2022 after swinging in 2020-2021 due to the pandemic, but high inflation, interest rates, and energy prices may weigh on growth in 2023. Fiscal deficits are also returning to pre-pandemic levels for advanced economies.
3) Several headwinds persist for the global economy in 2023 including rapid monetary tightening, high inflation, and central banks
The main gdp drivers of bangladesh & the impact of the covid 19 pandemic on t...LamisaFaria
The main GDP drivers of Bangladesh are agriculture, industry, and services. The Covid-19 pandemic is estimated to reduce Bangladesh's GDP growth rate in 2020 to 2% from the projected 8.2% due to lockdowns. Key sectors like ready-made garments, exports, and remittances have been negatively impacted. The pandemic has increased poverty and unemployment in Bangladesh as the economy struggles to recover.
VIETNAM COTTON - YARN MARKET REPORT - JUN 2021 ISSUE
🔹 VIETNAM COTTON AND SPINNING ASSOCIATION (VCOSA) introducing the monthly newsletter - VIETNAM COTTON - YARN MARKET REPORT - JUN 2021 ISSUE
🔹 Featuring:
➖ Monthly import statistics (jan - may 2021)
➖ Monthly export statistics (jan - may 2021)
➖ Import price database (jan - may 2021)
➖ Textile - garment industry information update (jan - may 2021)
➖ Textile and garment products import - export performance report
➖ Price of imported cotton
➖ Price of materials and accessories update
📍 This is the beta version
📌 Contact VCOSA - info@vcosa.org.vn for valued information with the Full version of the market report.
-----
VCOSA | VIETNAM COTTON AND SPINNING ASSOCIATION
#VCOSA #HiepHoiBongSoiVietNam #Cotton #Spinning #VCOSAReport
U.S. Electronic Connector Market. Analysis And Forecast to 2020IndexBox Marketing
IndexBox Marketing has just published its report: “U.S. Electronic Connector Market. Analysis And Forecast to 2020”.
The report provides an in-depth analysis of the U.S. electronic connector market. It presents the latest data of the market size and volume, domestic production, exports and imports, price dynamics and turnover in the industry. In addition, the report contains insightful information about the industry, including industry life cycle, business locations, productivity, employment and many other crucial aspects. The Company Profiles section contains relevant data on the major players in the industry.
EU: Spools, Cops And Similar Supports Of Plastics - Market Report. Analysis A...IndexBox Marketing
IndexBox Marketing has just published its report: “EU: Spools, Cops And Similar Supports Of Plastics - Market Report. Analysis And Forecast To 2020”. This report focuses on the EU plastic support market, providing a comprehensive analysis and the most recent data on its market size and volume, EU trade, price dynamics, domestic production, and turnover in the industry. The market trends section reveals the main issues and uncertainties concerning the industry, while the medium-term outlook uncovers market prospects. The attractivity index (IB Index) summarizes the source of existing opportunities as they appear in this market, as well as an interpretation of the trade figures.
The document discusses the economic outlook for Greece and the euro area. It notes that most economic indicators point to relative stagnation in the euro area currently. For Greece, real GDP growth is estimated at 3.6% in 2023, with inflation slowing to 2.5% and unemployment falling further. Several charts show trends in GDP, inflation, fiscal balances, investments and other economic indicators in Greece. EU funding programs like the Recovery and Resilience Facility and the next EU budget will provide around €87 billion for Greece through 2027 to support investments and reforms.
The document summarizes an economic forum held by the Office for National Statistics. It includes an agenda for presentations on the state of the UK economy, measures of economic progress beyond GDP, and experimental regional capital expenditure estimates. The first presentation by the ONS Chief Economist provides an overview of recent economic indicators for the UK like slowing GDP growth, high inflation, and weak business investment. Other presentations explore measuring environmental and social factors related to economic progress and developing subnational capital stock estimates.
The document discusses how technology can drive sustainable and balanced global growth. It notes that the world is changing rapidly with massive economic shifts from Western to Eastern economies. It also highlights major demographic changes like rapid urbanization and aging populations. The document argues that future competition will be between cities and technology can play a role in sustainable growth by creating services that improve productivity, are environmentally friendly, and benefit areas like transportation, education, healthcare and more. It envisions a future where networked information allows communities to be run more efficiently and sustainably.
Vieslekcija "Current Economic Trends in Latvia"Latvijas Banka
1) Latvia is experiencing rising inflation driven by increasing energy costs, while economic sentiment remains close to pre-pandemic levels.
2) While exports continue to grow, transportation services exports are still far below pre-COVID levels. Domestic economic activity is also recovering but construction capacity constraints could emerge.
3) Overall the Latvian economy is recovering from the pandemic, but risks remain from supply chain issues, rising prices and the potential of overheating in some sectors like construction.
Merkez bankalarının ekonomik araştırma birimlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı geleneksel yaklaşımlara uygulamalı bakış açısından alternatif yöntem önerileri.
TTrend Week etkinlikleri kapsamında Bosch Termoteknik çalışanları için Türkiye ve Dünya ekonomisine yönelik makro düzeyde bir mevcut durum ve görünüm sunumu.
The JD Euroway and Fritzgerald Zephir (Fritz) Financial Debacle.pptxsonalisaini008
In an astonishing series of events, Finance JD Euroway Inc. and its CEO Fritzgerald Zephir (Fritz) find themselves embroiled in a high-stakes legal battle, accused of orchestrating a fraudulent investment scheme.
Understanding Urban Land Markets: Characteristics, Influencing Factors, and G...Aditi Sh.
This presentation provides an in-depth exploration of urban land markets, focusing on their defining characteristics and influencing factors. It covers the concept and types of urban land markets, and delves into the governance structures that regulate these markets. Additionally, the presentation includes a comprehensive PESTEL analysis with real-world examples to enhance understanding of the various factors impacting urban land markets.
Neither of excess is good for the society, it has to be balanced to achieve maximum social benefit. Dalton called this principle as "Maximum Social Advantage" and Pigou termed it as "Maximum Aggregate Welfare". It was introduced by Swedish Economist "Erik Lindahl in 1919". See my ppt for additional details.
Public Expenditure & its Classifications, Canons, Causes, Effects & Theories....Dr T AASIF AHMED
The meaning, classifications, canons, theories, effects, and trends in public spending are all included in this ppt. This has been prepared to aid students in understanding and help them achieve the best grade possible. Kindly provide your insightful opinions and recommendations. For additional details, get in touch with Dr. T. Aasif Ahmed.
1. ITU Institute of Social Science
March 21, 2023
Global Marketing:
A Macro(economic) Perspective
Prepared and Presented by:
Eren OCAKVERDİ
Research and Analytics Consultant
eren.ocakverdi@yapikredi.com.tr
2. External factors affecting a firm
2
Firm
Economy
Politics
Social
culture
Legal
Environment
/
Sustainability
Technology
4. 4
Determine the
relevant economic
factors and long-
term trends.
Analyse the impact
of these on
markets and
marketing
activities.
Do they present an
opportunity from
marketing
standpoint?
Find a way to seize
the opportunity.
Do they pose a
threat to
marketing efforts?
Find a way to
mitigate the
adverse effects.
Analysis of economic environment
5. Basic concepts (Gross Domestic Product)
5
Consumption
(Private + Public)
Investment
(Machinery +
Construction)
Exports
(Goods + Services)
Imports
(Goods + Services)
GDP Change in
GDP
Change in
Volume
Change in
Population
Change in Real
consumption
or production
Change in
Prices
Inflation
6. Basic concepts (Demand-pull vs Cost-push inflation)
6
Money
Supply
Bank
Loans
Consumer
Debt
Demand
increase
Inflation
(CPI)
Wages, raw
material prices,
taxes
Cost increase
Inflation
(PPI)
Pass-through
Source: CBRT Inflation Booklet, 2004.
11. Impact of COVID-19 on Global Manufacturing*
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2021.
* Contribution to year-over-year percent change; percentage points.
11
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
Jan 20 Feb 20 Mar 20 Apr 20 May 20 Jun 20 Jul 20 Aug 20 Sep 20 Oct 20 Nov 20 Dec 20 Jan 21
Primary metals Machinery Electronics Electrical equipment
Motor vehicles Other durables Chemicals Petroleum
Other nondurables Total
12. Share of Activity Impacted by COVID-19* (%)
12
0
9
11
12
14
14
14
14
14
17
23
23
24
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
48
48
48
50
80
86
Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing
Financial intermediation
Public admin
Mining and quarrying
Air transport
Electricity, gas and water supply
Land transport and transport via pipelines
Other transport
Water transport
Post and telecommunications
Education
Health and social work
Other business activities
Basic metals and fabricated metal
Oil and chemicals
Electrical and optical equipment
Food, beverages and tobacco
Machinery, nec; manufacturing, nec; recycling
Pulp, paper, printing and publishing
Textiles, wearing apparel and leather products
Transport equipment
Wood and products of wood and cork
Retail trade
Sales repair motor vehicles
Wholesale trade
Other community, social and personal services
Construction
Hotels and restaurants
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2021.
* Reflects the degree of teleworkability and each of sector’s activity.
13. Simulated impact of Russia-Ukraine war on GDP
Source: OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report, March 2022
13
-1.4
-1.0
-0.9
-1.1
GSYH (% points)
Euro area OECD US World
14. Estimated impact of an energy shock (by Country)*
Source: OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report, March 2022
* Based on a reduction of 20% of direct and indirect imported energy inputs (%).
14
-0.5
-0.6
-0.7
-0.7
-0.7
-0.8
-0.8
-0.9
-0.9
-0.9
-1.0
-1.0
-1.0
-1.0
-1.0
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-1.4
-1.4
-1.4
-1.6
-1.7
-1.8
-1.9
-2.1
-2.4
-2.5
Ireland
Luxembourg
Denmark
Iceland
France
UK
Norway
Estonia
Germany
Slovenia
Netherlands
Finland
Switzerland
EU-22
Sweden
Italy
Latvia
Spain
Avusturia
Belgium
Poland
Portugal
Czechia
Slovakia
Hungary
TÜRKİYE
Greece
Lithuania
15. Source: OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report, March 2022
* Based on a reduction of 20% of direct and indirect imported energy inputs (%).
15
-0.7
-0.7
-0.7
-0.8
-0.8
-0.9
-0.9
-0.9
-0.9
-1.0
-1.0
-1.0
-1.1
-1.1
-1.1
-1.3
-1.5
-2.0
-2.2
-2.7
-2.7
-2.8
-3.2
-12.0
Pharmaceuticals
Construction
Water supply & waste management
Computers & electronic equipment
Warehousing
Textiles
Mining support service activities
Machinery and equipment
Food,drink and tobacco
Motor vehicles
Wood and wood products
Agriculture
Electrical equipment
Paper and printing
Fabricated metals
Rubber and plastics
Land transport
Water transport
Chemicals
Air transport
Basic metals
Mining of energy products
Electricity and gas supply
Refined petroleum products
Estimated impact of an energy shock (by Industry)*
19. Bloomberg Commodity Index* ($)
Source: Bloomberg
* Maximum value reached during the month.
19
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
Jan
05
Oct
05
Jul
06
Apr
07
Jan
08
Oct
08
Jul
09
Apr
10
Jan
11
Oct
11
Jul
12
Apr
13
Jan
14
Oct
14
Jul
15
Apr
16
Jan
17
Oct
17
Jul
18
Apr
19
Jan
20
Oct
20
Jul
21
Apr
22
Jan
23
Oct
23
(USD)
20. Commodity price indices (2010 = 100)
Source: World Bank.
20
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
400.0
450.0
500.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
400.0
450.0
500.0
Jan
05
Nov
05
Sep
06
Jul
07
May
08
Mar
09
Jan
10
Nov
10
Sep
11
Jul
12
May
13
Mar
14
Jan
15
Nov
15
Sep
16
Jul
17
May
18
Mar
19
Jan
20
Nov
20
Sep
21
Jul
22
May
23
Energy Non-energy Food Natural gas
21. Freight prices* ($)
Source: https://fbx.freightos.com
* Freightos Baltic Index (FBX) provides 40' container (FEU) indices for ocean freight. .
21
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Jan
17
May
17
Sep
17
Jan
18
May
18
Sep
18
Jan
19
May
19
Sep
19
Jan
20
May
20
Sep
20
Jan
21
May
21
Sep
21
Jan
22
May
22
Sep
22
Jan
23
May
23
Sep
23
22. Simulated impact of Russia-Ukraine war on inflation
Source: OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report, March 2022
22
2.0 2.0
1.4
2.5
Inflation (% points)
Euro area OECD US World
23. Commodity price shock due to Russia-Ukraine war
Source: OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report, March 2022
* Percentage change from January 2022 average
23
3.5
7.4
9.1
10.0
14.1
17.0
34.8
42.2
63.4
77.3
88.4
Copper
Zinc
Platinum
Gold
Iron ore
Aluminium
Palladium
Maize
Nickel
Fertilizer
Wheat
24. Source: EUROSTAT, BLS.
24
Inflation in selected countries (annual, %)
-4.0
-2.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
-4.0
-2.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
Jan
05
Oct
05
Jul
06
Apr
07
Jan
08
Oct
08
Jul
09
Apr
10
Jan
11
Oct
11
Jul
12
Apr
13
Jan
14
Oct
14
Jul
15
Apr
16
Jan
17
Oct
17
Jul
18
Apr
19
Jan
20
Oct
20
Jul
21
Apr
22
Jan
23
Oct
23
US Germany France Italy UK Japan
25. FED policy rate expectations*
Source: Bloomberg
*FED Funds Futures
25
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.25
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.25
5.50
5.75
6.00
Sep
19
Dec
19
Mar
20
Jun
20
Sep
20
Dec
20
Mar
21
Jun
21
Sep
21
Dec
21
Mar
22
Jun
22
Sep
22
Dec
22
Mar
23
Jun
23
Sep
23
Dec
23
Mar
24
Jun
24
Sep
24
Dec
24
30-Sep-19 25-Mar-20 23-Sep-20 16-Mar-21 13-Dec-21
16-Jun-22 22-Sep-22 15-Dec-22 17-Mar-23
(%) (%)
26. 26
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Response of Core Inflation to Monetary Tightening
-0.40
-0.30
-0.20
-0.10
0.00
0.10
0.20
0 4 8 12 16 20
%
points
Number of quarters after monetary tightening starts
Uncertainty band (90%)
Impact on core inflation
27. 27
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Response of Unemployment to Monetary Tightening
-0.20
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
0 4 8 12 16 20
%
points
Number of quarters after monetary tightening starts
Uncertainty band (90%)
Impact on unemployment rate
28. Economic policy uncertainty
28
Source: www.policyuncertainty.com
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
400.0
450.0
500.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
400.0
450.0
500.0 Jan
03
Jul
03
Jan
04
Jul
04
Jan
05
Jul
05
Jan
06
Jul
06
Jan
07
Jul
07
Jan
08
Jul
08
Jan
09
Jul
09
Jan
10
Jul
10
Jan
11
Jul
11
Jan
12
Jul
12
Jan
13
Jul
13
Jan
14
Jul
14
Jan
15
Jul
15
Jan
16
Jul
16
Jan
17
Jul
17
Jan
18
Jul
18
Jan
19
Jul
19
Jan
20
Jul
20
Jan
21
Jul
21
Jan
22
Jul
22
Jan
23
Jul
23
Europe US World
29. Geopolitical risks (1985-2019=100)
Source: www.policyuncertainty.com
29
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Jan
05
Oct
05
Jul
06
Apr
07
Jan
08
Oct
08
Jul
09
Apr
10
Jan
11
Oct
11
Jul
12
Apr
13
Jan
14
Oct
14
Jul
15
Apr
16
Jan
17
Oct
17
Jul
18
Apr
19
Jan
20
Oct
20
Jul
21
Apr
22
Jan
23
Oct
23
Global Türkiye (right scale)
Arab
Spring
Invasion
of Crimea
Russia-Ukraine War