IRJET - IoT based Smart Oil and Gas Monitoring System

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 02 | Feb 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3030
IoT based Smart Oil and Gas Monitoring System
Dr. A. Rajasekaran1,T.V.K Chetan2,T. Naveen3, V. Bhargav Sai4
1Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SCSVMV, Kanchipuram, India
2, 3,4UG Scholar, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SCSVMV, Kanchipuram, India
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Abstract: Gas is detecting innovation has among the topical
research, ponder for rather now then . With the rationale for
local death chamber cooking clothed to be simple and settling
them is moreover abbreviated. Be that because it may, at that
time are likewise sick impacts of utilizing these barrels.
Spillage of residential gas is not just lethal to human and
creature life, yet additionally aims colossal property
misfortune. during this way, location and essential advances
are to be considered to forestall unfortunate mishaps. Many
accidents tendencies thanks to short circuits, gas leakages,
Etc. won't permit a traditional person to enter the accident
space, therefore on the size back any harm. Such accidents are
a unit, increasing every day, owing to lack of awareness,
precaution measures and content. Multiple sensors were used
for detection method. This paper presents an intelligent
security system helpful for several of the house and business
application.
Keywords: IOT, Sensors, Android App.
I. INTRODUCTION
Industries that look after pipeline networks (water, gas,
oil, or the other fluid) spend large sums of cash. This
early detection is typically derived from the massive cost
that a severe break can generate as compared to the
relatively inexpensive reparation of early-detected
failures. Pipelines which are tools for transporting oils,
gases, and other fluids, like chemicals, are employed as
major utilities during a number of nations for long time
[1]. Recently, many troubles have occurred in pipelines,
and most of them are caused by aging, corrosion, cracks,
and mechanical damages from third parties. albeit lasting
activities for maintenance are strongly demanded, they
have enormous budgets which will not be easily handled
by related industries. Currently, the applications of
robots for the upkeep of the pipeline utilities are
considered together of the foremost attractive solutions
available. In-pipe robots, which have an extended history
of development in robotics, are often classified into
several elementary forms consistent with movement
patterns. it's been employed for the inspection of
pipelines with large diameters. The wheel type is
analogous to the plain mobile robot, and variety of
commercialized robots are reported up to now. The
robot with caterpillars rather than wheels. The wall
press type, which features a number of benefits in
climbing vertical pipelines, corresponds to the robot
with a versatile mechanism for pressing the wall with
whatever means they apply. The ADVANCES in wireless
communication protocols and embedded design have led
to the emergence of low-powered miniature-sized
multifunctional sensor nodes for wireless sensor
networks (WSNs) operating in fields starting
from battlefield and environment monitoring to health
and entertainment.
The sensor nodes are capable of detecting environment
parameters within the sensing range and routing data
over multi hops. to nodes within its communication
range. Sensor nodes usually add collaboration to
watch inaccessible areas. WSN coverage requirements
may allow uniform node layout or necessitate denser
deployment for higher surveillance. Mostly, the
coverage requirement are often approximated with a
finite set of points for normal structures. After
deployment, the network reliability depends upon
several parameters including connectivity, data routing
delay, and sensor event detection accuracy.
LITERATURE SURVEY
SimpliMote includes support for variety of peripheral
connections including pressure and temperature sensors.
The sensed gas data and events like leakage and movement
detection are sent using ZigBee interface. An LCD interface
provides user interaction with SimpliMote. The device also
includes an accelerometer. SimpliMote power source may
be a rechargeable battery. The device is compatible with
industrial temperature range (−40 to 85 °C) excluding the
LCD display. In proposed system our main objective to
monitoring gas, temperature, pressure reading These
data’s are transmitted using ZigBee through transmitter to
receiver. At Receiver side another ZigBee is there to
receive data And its values are displayed into LCD. We
present a study on the event and testing of a wireless
electronic nose network (WEN n) for monitoring real-time
gas mixture, NH3 and H2S.The proposed WEN n is
predicated on an embedded PC, an electronic olfactory
system and wireless sensor network (WSN)
technology. The WEN n utilized in this work takes
advantage of recent advances in low power wireless
communication platforms and uses micro-gas sensors with
SnO2-CuO and SnO2-Pt sensing films for detecting the
presence of target gases. Each node within the network
real-timely performs classification and concentration
estimation of the binary gas mixtures using the fuzzy
ART and ARTMAP neural networks. The computed
results from the measured data set to a sink node via a
ZigBee ready RF transceiver.

Fig 1 Conceptual System
Ш. INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
The ability of varied things to be connected to every other
through the web or its network of physical devices (vehicles,
building) connected to embedded device (software, sensor)
through internet.IOT allows the thing to sensor collect
remotely across network of infrastructure. IOT contains
various domains, protocols, application. The
interconnection of those embedded devices is predicted to
inaugurate automation in nearly all fields, while also
enabling advanced applications sort of a smart grid and
expanding to the areas such as smart cities. At an equivalent
time, IOT is strongly tied to the large data era thanks to the
big data that the “Things” can generate. For the
interconnection of those devices, different wired or wireless
standards exist. IOT provide various residential and
enterprises solution through latest technology .It broadly
covers M2M communication, smart grids, smart building,
smart cities and lots of more application. Using IOT in smart
cities/smart buildings can certainly provide reliable and
efficient solutions because it will allow the user to interact
with the entities.
Fig 2 Basic IOT diagram
IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Transmitter
Fig 3.1 Block diagram of the system
Receiver
Fig 3.1 Block diagram of the system
V. METHODOLOGY
The proposed system contains pic microcontroller and
it's interfaced to sensors like MQ2 sensor, LM35 sensor,
pressure sensor. Which are the input of the system. Here
the Wi-Fi-module is interfaced to those which give the
power to speak with one another .The proposed method
takes an automatic control action upon detection of gas.
The regulator valve (motor) would be transitioned which
completely stops the flow of gas leakage. Initially if
there's a gas leakage then the electronic sensor i.e. the
gas sensor that obeys the principle of LPG sensor senses
any gas leakage from storage, if any leakage sensed then
the output of this sensor goes high. This high signal is
monitored by the microcontroller and it'll identify the gas
leakage. If there's a leakage, the buyer is informed
through internet in his device and a sign is shipped back
to the microcontroller to turn off the valve. during this
system, a sensor(load cell) is employed to monitor the
weight of the gas cylinder ,if it goes below a critical value
the sensor senses this condition and sends a notification

via internet to gas agency for booking a LPG. the thing
detection sensor is employed to detect the presence of any
vessel over the burner. If a vessel is not detected over a
predetermined time, then an alarm goes off and the buyer
is alerted.
VI. COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
MQ2 SENSOR
A gas detector may be a device that detects the presence of
gases in a neighborhood, often as a part of a security system.
Gas Sensor (MQ2) module is beneficial for gas leakage
detection (in home and industry). it's suitable for detecting
H2, LPG, CH4, CO, Alcohol, Smoke or Propane. Due to its high
sensitivity and fast response time, measurements are often
taken as soon as possible. The sensitivity of the sensor are
often adjusted by using the potentiometer.
Fig 4 MQ2 sensor
Arudino
Arduino may be a computer hardware and
software company, project, and user community that
designs and manufactures microcontroller kits for
building digital devices and interactive objects which
will sense and control objects within the physical world.
Arduino programs could also be written in any programing
language with a compiler that produces binary machine
language . Atmel provides a development environment for
his or her microcontrollers, AVR Studio and therefore the
newer Atmel Studio, which may be used for programming
Arduino. The Arduino project provides the Arduino
integrated development environment (IDE), which may be a
cross- platform application written within the programing
language Java. A program written with the IDE for Arduino
is named a "sketch". Sketches are saved on the event
computer as files with the file extension. The Arduino IDE
supports the languages C and C++ using special rules to
arrange code.
Pressure sensor
During the steam age, the demand for pressure
measurement instruments increased. These were
mechanical when pressure sensing devices ensure
warning. They now use pressure transducers and
pressure switches to live pressure electronically. were
first developed and used Bourdon tube gages to push a
needle and provides a visible pressure warning.
Fig 5 pressure sensor
LCD
LCD screen consists of two lines with 16 characters
each. Each character consists of 5x7 matrix . It displays
all the alphabets, Greek letters, punctuation marks,
mathematical symbols etc. additionally , it's possible to
display symbols that user makes abreast of its own.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The LM35 is one quite commonly used temperature sensor
which will be wont to measure temperature with an
electrical o/p comparative to the temperature (in °C). It
can measure temperature more correctly compare
with a thermistor. This sensor generates a high output
voltage than thermocouples and should not need that the
output voltage is amplified. The LM35 has an output
voltage that's proportional to the Celsius temperature. the
size factor is .01V/°C.
Fig 7 Temperature sensor
GSM
GSM stands for Global System for Mobile
Communication. It’s a digital cellular technology used for
transmitting mobile voice and data services. Gsm is 2g
network it's used to send messages, calls etc...
Fig 7 GSM
ZIGBEE
ZigBee is low-cost and low-powered mesh
network widely deployed for controlling and
monitoring applications where it covers 10-100

meters within the range. This communication system is a
smaller amount expensive and simpler than the opposite
proprietary short-range wireless sensor networks as
Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. ZigBee supports different network
configurations for master to master or master to slave
communications.
Fig 6 ZigBee
VII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
To the grace and generous blessing of Godhead, I attribute
the successful completion of my project. it's our duty to
respectfully offer my sincere gratitude to all or any the
people that have kindly offered their valuable support and
guidance. We would wish to extend our heartiest because of
the Management of my college, who provided me with the
necessities for the completion of the project .We deeply and
wholeheartedly thank Prof Dr G.SRIRAM
Dean(E&T),SCSVMV. for his valuable advice and
encouragement. We also wish to increase my sincere
gratitude to our HOD V.SWAMINATHAN for his valuable
advice. We also wish to increase my sincere gratitude to our
guide Dr.A.RAJASEKARAN, Asst.Professor, Dept. of ECE,
SCSVMV. Before I culminate, i might wish to extend my
heartfelt gratitude to all or any the teachers and Staff of
department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
SCSVMV for his or her cooperation and support. Last but not
the smallest amount , I thank all others and particularly my
relations and my Classmates who in how or other helped me
in successful completion of this project.
VIII. CONCLUSION
Here during this paper a system is developed to detect the
leakages in gas pipeline through wireless technology though
there are several methods to detect an equivalent system
but there are some limitations. So we tried to form the
system cost effective, reliable, real time monitoring.
REFERENCES
 1. L. Wang, S. C. Narasimman, S. Reddy Ravels and A.
Ukil, "Water Ingress Detection in Low-Pressure Gas
Pipelines Using Distributed Temperature Sensing
System," in IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 17, no. 10, pp.
3165-3173,may2015 doi:
10.1109/JSEN.2017.2686982
 2. S. Ali et al. "SimpliMote: A Wireless Sensor
Network Monitoring Platform for Oil and Gas
Pipelines," in IEEE Systems Journal, vol. PP, no. 99,
pp 1- 12 doi: 10.1109/JSYST.2016.2597171
 3. L. Shu, M. Mukherjee, X. Xu, K. Wang and X. Wu,
"A Survey on Gas Leakage Source Detection and
Boundary Tracking with Wireless Sensor
Networks," in IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 1700-1715,
2016. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2550033
 B.V.Prasanth, “Cloud connected smart gas leakage
detection and safety precaution
system,”International Journal of MC Square
Scientific Research, vol. 6, 2014.
 S. H. Kumar Keshamoni, “Smart gas level
monitoring booking gas leakage detector over
IOT,”International Journal of MC Square Scientific
Research, Vol. 1, 2017.
 C. R. LIU Zhen-Ya, WANG Zhen-dong, “Intelligent
residential security alarm and remote control
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