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HCI_01.ppt

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The document provides an overview of the key concepts in human-computer interaction (HCI). It defines HCI as the study of how humans interact with computers and how to design interactive systems that are usable by humans. The document outlines the main topics in HCI, including understanding users, designing interactions, prototyping, and evaluation. It discusses the goals of HCI, which include improving the safety, utility, effectiveness, efficiency, usability and appeal of computer systems for users.

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Human Computer Interaction HCI
Overview of Course Contents • What is HCI • Why HCI • Understanding Human • Interaction: styles and design process • Establishing Requirements • Designing Interaction • Prototyping • Evaluation
HCI Definition “Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them”. ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction
HCI Definition “HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people interact with computers and to what extent computers are or are not developed for successful interaction with human beings”
What is HCI? • The term HCI was adopted in mid-1980s: • Association for Computing Machinery (ACM): “discipline concerned with the design, evaluation & implementation of interactive computer systems for human use & with the study of major phenomena surrounding them” (1992) • Dix: “HCI is study of people, computer technology and the ways these influence each other. We study HCI to determine how we can make this computer technology more usable by people” (1998) • Carroll: “HCI is the study and practice of usability. It is about understanding and creating software and other technology that people will want to use, will be able to use, and will find effective when used.” (2002)
What is HCI? • How Human interacts with Computer: – Not primarily (mainly) the study of Human – Not primarily the study of Computer • The study of bridge between them, which includes ƒ Observation of interactions between people & computers, – e.g., Find examination papers via our library Web ƒAnalysis of the involved interactions, – e.g., Are all the steps involved are necessary? • Human consequences (results) after interacting with computers, – e.g., Can the user perform his task? Does he enjoy working with the computer?
Human-Computer Interaction • Human: Individual user, a group of users working together, a sequence of users in an organization • Computer: Desktop computer, large-scale computer system, Pocket PC, embedded system (e.g., photocopier, microwave oven), software (e.g., search engine, word processor) • User interface: Parts of the computer that the user contacts with. • Interaction: Usually involve a dialog with feedback & control throughout performing a task (e.g., user invokes “print” command and then interface replies with a dialog box)
Why HCI? • In the past, computers were expensive & used by technical people only • ƒNow, computers are cheap and used by non- technical people (different backgrounds, needs, knowledge, skills) – Computer and software manufacturers have noticed the importance of making computers “user-friendly”: easy to use, save people time, etc. • How to achieve “user-friendliness” in computer design?
INTERACTION • Interaction is a kind of action that occurs as two or more objects have an effect upon one another. • The idea of a two-way effect is essential in the concept of interaction, as opposed to a one- way causal effect.
HCI_01.ppt
HCI Scope • Use & Context: Find application areas for computers • Human: Study psychological (mental) & physiological (Physical part) aspects e.g., study how a user learns to use a new product, study human typing speed. • Computer: Hardware & software offered e.g., input & output devices, speed, interaction styles, computer graphics • Development: Design, implementation & evaluation
Goals of HCI • At physical level, HCI concerns the selection of the most appropriate input devices and output devices for a particular interface or task. • Determine the best style of interaction, such as direct manipulation, natural language (speech, written input), WIMP (windows, icons, menus, pointers), etc. • Develop or improve – Safety – Utility – Effectiveness – Efficiency – Usability – Appeal of systems that include computers
Goals of HCI • Safety: protecting the user from dangerous conditions and undesirable situations – Users • Nuclear energy plant or bomb-disposal – operators should interact with computer-based systems remotely ƒMedical equipment in intensive care unit (ICU) – Data • Prevent user from making serious errors by reducing risk of wrong keys/buttons being mistakenly activated • Provide user with means of recovering errors • Ensure privacy (protect personal information such as habits and address) & security (protect sensitive information such as passwords, VISA card numbers)
Goals of HCI • Utility: (Something that is useful) extent of providing the right kind of functionality so that users can do what they need or want to do – High utility • Scientific calculator provides many mathematical operations, built-in formulae, and is programmable – Low utility • Software drawing tool does not allow free-hand drawing but supports polygon shape drawing • Effectiveness: (The capacity or potential for achieving results ) concern a user’s ability to accomplish a desired goal or to carry out work. ƒFind a master thesis in our library Web • Any difference between utility and effectiveness?
Goals of HCI • Consider the scenario: a shopping Web provides all the information, instruction and server-side support required to perform an on-line purchase. However, the users cannot figure out how to find the items they want to buy. (Example of effectiveness) • Efficiency: a measure of how quickly users can accomplish their goals or finish their work using the system – Find a book “human computer interaction” in our library Web – How about a master thesis whose author’s last name is “Cheng”? – How about the newest book in the subject of “human computer interaction”?
Goals of HCI • Usability: ease of learning and ease of use – Can I use the basic functions of a new digital camera without reading the manual? – Does the software facilitate us to learn new functions easily? • ƒAppeal: how well the user likes the system – First impression – Long-term satisfaction
HCI_01.ppt
Intel unveils ultra- small Next Unit of Computing PC NUC is a complete 10x10cm (4x4in) Sandy Ivy Bridge Core i3/i5 computer. On the back, there are Thunderbolt, HDMI, and USB 3.0 ports. On the motherboard itself (pictured below) there are two SO-DIMM (laptop) memory slots and two mini PCIe headers. On the flip side of the motherboard (pictured below-below), is a CPU socket that takes most mobile Core i3 and i5 processors, and a heat sink and fan assembly.
HCI_01.ppt
HCI_01.ppt
HCI_01.ppt
HCI_01.ppt

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HCI_01.ppt

  • 2. Overview of Course Contents • What is HCI • Why HCI • Understanding Human • Interaction: styles and design process • Establishing Requirements • Designing Interaction • Prototyping • Evaluation
  • 3. HCI Definition “Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them”. ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction
  • 4. HCI Definition “HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people interact with computers and to what extent computers are or are not developed for successful interaction with human beings”
  • 5. What is HCI? • The term HCI was adopted in mid-1980s: • Association for Computing Machinery (ACM): “discipline concerned with the design, evaluation & implementation of interactive computer systems for human use & with the study of major phenomena surrounding them” (1992) • Dix: “HCI is study of people, computer technology and the ways these influence each other. We study HCI to determine how we can make this computer technology more usable by people” (1998) • Carroll: “HCI is the study and practice of usability. It is about understanding and creating software and other technology that people will want to use, will be able to use, and will find effective when used.” (2002)
  • 6. What is HCI? • How Human interacts with Computer: – Not primarily (mainly) the study of Human – Not primarily the study of Computer • The study of bridge between them, which includes ƒ Observation of interactions between people & computers, – e.g., Find examination papers via our library Web ƒAnalysis of the involved interactions, – e.g., Are all the steps involved are necessary? • Human consequences (results) after interacting with computers, – e.g., Can the user perform his task? Does he enjoy working with the computer?
  • 7. Human-Computer Interaction • Human: Individual user, a group of users working together, a sequence of users in an organization • Computer: Desktop computer, large-scale computer system, Pocket PC, embedded system (e.g., photocopier, microwave oven), software (e.g., search engine, word processor) • User interface: Parts of the computer that the user contacts with. • Interaction: Usually involve a dialog with feedback & control throughout performing a task (e.g., user invokes “print” command and then interface replies with a dialog box)
  • 8. Why HCI? • In the past, computers were expensive & used by technical people only • ƒNow, computers are cheap and used by non- technical people (different backgrounds, needs, knowledge, skills) – Computer and software manufacturers have noticed the importance of making computers “user-friendly”: easy to use, save people time, etc. • How to achieve “user-friendliness” in computer design?
  • 9. INTERACTION • Interaction is a kind of action that occurs as two or more objects have an effect upon one another. • The idea of a two-way effect is essential in the concept of interaction, as opposed to a one- way causal effect.
  • 11. HCI Scope • Use & Context: Find application areas for computers • Human: Study psychological (mental) & physiological (Physical part) aspects e.g., study how a user learns to use a new product, study human typing speed. • Computer: Hardware & software offered e.g., input & output devices, speed, interaction styles, computer graphics • Development: Design, implementation & evaluation
  • 12. Goals of HCI • At physical level, HCI concerns the selection of the most appropriate input devices and output devices for a particular interface or task. • Determine the best style of interaction, such as direct manipulation, natural language (speech, written input), WIMP (windows, icons, menus, pointers), etc. • Develop or improve – Safety – Utility – Effectiveness – Efficiency – Usability – Appeal of systems that include computers
  • 13. Goals of HCI • Safety: protecting the user from dangerous conditions and undesirable situations – Users • Nuclear energy plant or bomb-disposal – operators should interact with computer-based systems remotely ƒMedical equipment in intensive care unit (ICU) – Data • Prevent user from making serious errors by reducing risk of wrong keys/buttons being mistakenly activated • Provide user with means of recovering errors • Ensure privacy (protect personal information such as habits and address) & security (protect sensitive information such as passwords, VISA card numbers)
  • 14. Goals of HCI • Utility: (Something that is useful) extent of providing the right kind of functionality so that users can do what they need or want to do – High utility • Scientific calculator provides many mathematical operations, built-in formulae, and is programmable – Low utility • Software drawing tool does not allow free-hand drawing but supports polygon shape drawing • Effectiveness: (The capacity or potential for achieving results ) concern a user’s ability to accomplish a desired goal or to carry out work. ƒFind a master thesis in our library Web • Any difference between utility and effectiveness?
  • 15. Goals of HCI • Consider the scenario: a shopping Web provides all the information, instruction and server-side support required to perform an on-line purchase. However, the users cannot figure out how to find the items they want to buy. (Example of effectiveness) • Efficiency: a measure of how quickly users can accomplish their goals or finish their work using the system – Find a book “human computer interaction” in our library Web – How about a master thesis whose author’s last name is “Cheng”? – How about the newest book in the subject of “human computer interaction”?
  • 16. Goals of HCI • Usability: ease of learning and ease of use – Can I use the basic functions of a new digital camera without reading the manual? – Does the software facilitate us to learn new functions easily? • ƒAppeal: how well the user likes the system – First impression – Long-term satisfaction
  • 18. Intel unveils ultra- small Next Unit of Computing PC NUC is a complete 10x10cm (4x4in) Sandy Ivy Bridge Core i3/i5 computer. On the back, there are Thunderbolt, HDMI, and USB 3.0 ports. On the motherboard itself (pictured below) there are two SO-DIMM (laptop) memory slots and two mini PCIe headers. On the flip side of the motherboard (pictured below-below), is a CPU socket that takes most mobile Core i3 and i5 processors, and a heat sink and fan assembly.