Elastic stack 世界にさらしたサーバを可視化してみた
- 2. 自己紹介
前原 応光(まえはら まさみつ)
Future Architect, Inc.
Technology Innovation Group
AWSをゴニョゴニョやってますー
ゆるふわエンジニア
@micci184
- 13. Install Dionaea
### Ubuntu 14.04
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:honeynet/nightly
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install dionaea
### Start Dionaea
$ sudo service dionaea start
- 14. Install Cowrie
### Ubuntu 16.04
$ sudo apt-get install git python-virtualenv libmpfr-dev libssl-dev libmpc-dev libffi-dev build-essential
libpython-dev python2.7-minimal authbind
### adduser Cowrie
$ sudo adduser --disabled-password cowrie
$ sudo su - cowrie
### Setup Virtual Enviroment
$ virtualenv cowrie-env
$ source cowrie-env/bin/activate
### Install configuration file
$ export PYTHONPATH=/home/cowrie/cowrie
### Start Cowrie
$ bin/cowrie start
Activating virtualenv “cowrie-env”
Starting cowrie: [twistd -l log/cowrie.log --umask 0077 --pidfile var/run/cowrie.pid cowrie ]...
$ bin/cowrie status
cowrie is running (PID: 5979).
- 15. Beats
データシッパー
Beatsには家族がいるよ
Filebeat:ログファイルを送る
Metricbeat:メトリックデータ(CPU/Mem..etc)を送る
Packetbeat:パケットキャプチャデータを送る
Winlogbeat:Windowsイベントログを送る
Hearbeat:稼働状況の監視
- 16. Data Flow
WordPressのApache/MySQLは直接Elasticsearchにストア
ハニーポットが出力するログをLogstashを介してElasticsearchにストア
Dionaea Filebeat
Ubuntu
+ Log/dionaea.log
/binalies/*
Amazon Linux
Logstash
+ Input
+ Filter
+ Output
Cowrie Filebeat
Ubuntu
+ Log/cowrie.log
Elastic
search
KibanaMetric
Beat
Filebeat
Amazon Linux
+ Apache
Apache
WordPress
Packetbeat
+ MySQL
- 17. Filebeat Modules
Filebeat をインスール
$ curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-6.0.0-alpha2-x86_64.rpm
$ sudo rpm -vi filebeat-6.0.0-alpha2-x86_64.rpm
### Configuring
$ vim /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml
#------------------------------- Apache2 Module ------------------------------
- module: apache2
# Access logs
access:
enabled: true
var.paths: ["/var/log/httpd/access_log"]
error:
enabled: true
var.paths: ["/var/log/httpd/error_log"]
#-------------------------- Elasticsearch output -------------------------------
output.elasticsearch:
hosts: [“xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:9200"]
- 18. Ingest Plugins
Ingest Geoip & Ingest user agent をインストール
Ingest Geoip:IPアドレスの地図マッピングをよしなに
Ingest user agent:ユーザーエージェントをよしなに
Ingenst Pluginsは、Elastic Stackサーバにインストール
### Ingest Geoip
$ sudo /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install ingest-geoip
### Ingest user agent
$ sudo /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install ingest-user-agent
- 19. !!Attention #01
プロキシ環境は気を付けて
Ingest Pluginsインストール時にタイムアウトエラー
起動スクリプトにプロキシ設定を実施し、インストール
$ sudo /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin//elasticsearch-plugin install ingest-user-agent
-> Downloading ingest-user-agent from elastic
Exception in thread "main" java.net.ConnectException: 接続がタイムアウトしました (Connection timed out)
### Setup Proxy
$ export ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Dhttp.proxyHost=xxx -Dhttp.proxyPort=xxx -Dhttps.proxyHost=xxx -
Dhttps.proxyPort=xxx"
### Install ingest-user-agent
$ /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install ingest-user-agent
-> Downloading ingest-user-agent from elastic
[=================================================] 100% ### Ingest Geoip
- 20. !!Attention #02
プロキシ環境は気を付けて
Filebeat起動時にDashboardsをインポートしてくれる優れもの
#filebeat.ymlのDashbords設定で起動時にインポートが可能
ただし、プロキシ環境だと起動できずに死亡。。Orz
なので手で入れましょう
$ sudo vim /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml
#============================== Dashboards =====================================
- #setup.dashboards.enabled: false
+ #setup.dashboards.enabled: enable
$ sudo /usr/share/filebeat/scripts/import_dashboards -file /tmp/beats-dashboards-x.x.zip -es
http://xxx:9200
- 30. Malware
Dionaeaに仕込まれたマルウェア?
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binariesにウヨウヨ…
$ ll /opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 53 Jun 6 02:59 d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 162168 Jun 7 22:56 dc8c32d7f26352c8484bc490b6467843.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 153820 Jun 7 02:34 dd0400bed68d272b08d1d0272bc18462.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 129803 Jun 5 01:01 de1e602b2452a95ba57ef53347e50094.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 22778 Jun 6 17:38 e0ddd8bf8e3b97ad25855721dc75daae.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 155154 Jun 7 04:33 e53ed987e82ad7bf076c23d91401cac7.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 1189 Jun 8 15:32 ead49a9b7b0c8ad6894be45674cebf77.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 22777 Jun 6 17:39 eb18a7d302bbc8c0b3ed2cd1612e8d59.gz
…
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 21966 Jun 5 16:52 ee0efafc69a13cd57d714ffdc603d8fc.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 154329 Jun 4 16:48 f09ee5028fd1b1eaaf22df1538de159b.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 156637 Jun 9 08:51 f5f1fd0d093d81a4a769c20aca1d6232.gz
-rw------- 1 dionaea dionaea 29643 Jun 8 15:34 fc9b0b8b711e44ce0d4f91b0cedb1c76.gz
- 31. ClamScan
マルウェア?ってことで、スキャン実行
FOUNDがマルウェア判定
$ clamscan /opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/f09ee5028fd1b1eaaf22df1538de159b.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-200 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/621c0b356c49edc5ce4cf3ee88c30f82.gz: OK
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/90e02a26204ade7771acf7e8521bdf09.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-297 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/02830b424d88664cc3576941dd9841f9.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-307 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/a7bc14c1bd7271a45391f1e1541afe43.gz: Win.Worm.Downadup-110 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/87136c488903474630369e232704fa4d.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-113 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/1195dfde6305980ed050a9751b157f42.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-293 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/1b4cd56e54d3f9030a153590fb3fa9e5.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-316 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/fc9b0b8b711e44ce0d4f91b0cedb1c76.gz: OK
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/cae8a8524eeb0e7de1fb3704bd14b7ba.gz: Win.Trojan.Ramnit-1847 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/7bb455ea4a77b24478fba4de145115eb.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-197 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/eb18a7d302bbc8c0b3ed2cd1612e8d59.gz: OK
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/smb-az4poq4s.tmp.gz: OK
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/16acf30169d089b8a967f40d9a38d8f7.gz: Win.Trojan.Agent-129152 FOUND
- 33. Data Flow
定期的にClamScanを実行し、ログ出力
FilebeatがログをElastic Stackサーバに送る
Logstashはインプットしたデータを正規化し、Elasticsearchにストアする
Kibanaで可視化
Dionaea Filebeat
Ubuntu
+ Log
/binalies/*
/log/scan.log
clamscan.sh
Amazon Linux
Logstash
+ Input
+ Filter
+ Output
Elastic
search
KibanaMetric
Beat
- 37. Grok Filter
ClamScanした結果が、以下でしたね
これをいい感じに正規化して必要なKey-Valueを抽出する必要あり
欲しい値
OK/FOUND (Key : check)
マルウェア名 (Key : malware)
$ clamscan /opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/f09ee5028fd1b1eaaf22df1538de159b.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-200 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/621c0b356c49edc5ce4cf3ee88c30f82.gz: OK
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/90e02a26204ade7771acf7e8521bdf09.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-297 FOUND
/opt/dionaea/var/dionaea/binaries/02830b424d88664cc3576941dd9841f9.gz: Win.Worm.Kido-307 FOUND
- 45. Logstash.conf
最終的にこんな感じ
input {
beats {
port => 5044
}
}
filter {
grok {
match => [ "message", "/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+/(?<field>[^/]+)/%{GREEDYDATA:data}%{WORD:check}"]
remove_field => [ "host", "message" ]
}
grok {
match => [ "data", "(?:[¥w._/%-]+)%{WORD}(?:[:]*)%{GREEDYDATA:malware}"]
remove_field => [ "data" ]
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:9200/"
}
}