Data Citation: A Critical Role for Publishers
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The document discusses the critical role publishers play in data citation. It emphasizes the importance of publishers establishing clear guidelines for citing data, training copy editors to ensure data is properly cited, promoting the use of data papers to incentivize data sharing and reuse, and making data citations machine-readable through XML tagging or RDF to facilitate discovery and analysis of cited data.
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Data Citation: A Critical Role for Publishers
- 1. Data Citation: A Critical Role for Publishers Brian Hole, Founder and CEO SciDataCon 2014, Citing Data to Facilitate Multidisciplinary Research session New Delhi, November 5 2014 brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 2. Overview Why is data citation important? Publisher guidelines Copyediting with data in mind Data papers Machine readability brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 3. The Social Contract of Science • Dissemination • Validation • Further development Scientific Malpractice • Results • Data • Software • Hardware, wetware… #@%$#@ % #@%$# Source: http://www.smbc-comics.com/index.php?db=comics&id=2015 brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 4. brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 5. 2. Publisher Guidelines • No single way to cite data, but good guidelines available (e.g. Force 11) • Journal must have clear guidelines about how to cite data, e.g.: • Creators, date of publication, host repository, version, persistent identifier • Must be included in reference list Alexander NS, Wint W (2013) Data from: Projected population proximity indices (30km) for 2005, 2030 & 2050. Dryad Digital Repository. http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.12734 brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 6. 3. Copyediting with Data in Mind • Publishers need to provide better guidelines for copyeditors: • Make sure journal guidelines for data citation are being followed • Go back to authors if no citation included • Fix incorrect citations (e.g. simple hyperlinks in text) brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 7. 4. Data papers • Data papers incentivize authors to follow good practice in releasing and citing data: • Data professional is lead author • Paper advertises work, encourages reuse, collaboration, indicates impact • Makes citation much easier: • Data is automatically cited correctly in data paper • Data paper is naturally included in reference list of research papers • Citations etc. can be tracked brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 8. brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 9. brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 10. 5. Machine Readable Citations • Many data reuse scenarios involve locating, querying and recombining data from a large number of sources • This can be made significantly easier by making data citations machine readable • Enables locating of data via text mining of relevant literature • Two possible methods – XML and RDF brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
- 11. • Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) maintained by NISO used by most publishers brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress XML • JATS currently recommends tagging data references as web publications <ref> <element-citation publication-type="database" publication-format="web"> <source>Database of Human Disease Causing Gene Homologues in Dictyostelium Discoideum [Internet] </source> <publisher-loc>San Diego (CA)</publisher-loc> <publisher-name>San Diego Supercomputer Center</publisher-name> <year>2003</year> <date-in-citation>cited 2007 Feb 2 </date-in-citation> <comment>Available from: <uri>http:// dictyworkbench.sdsc.edu/HDGDD/</uri>. </comment> </element-citation> </ref> • Not ideal, but available now
- 12. • Several proposals for improvements with more suitable terms: • NISO-JATS Data Citation Implementation Workshop held at the British Library in June 2014 • Force11 Data Citation Implementation Group • <JATS4R> publisher group • E.g.: brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress XML <name> -> <collab collab-type="curators"> <source> -> <data-title> <edition> -> <version> <license>
- 13. • Can make data not only discoverable through citation, but also the relationship of it to the research. 4. Oldenburg H (1665). "Epistle Dedicatory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 1: 0–0. doi:10 .1098/rstl.1665.0001. brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress RDF • JATS to RDF provides a start for this, but publishers still need to make data citations more specific <rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-item-4"><co:index>4</co:index></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4"><dcterms:bibliographicCitation> Oldenburg, H (1665). </dcterms:bibliographicCitation></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4"><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/spar/biro/BibliographicReference"/></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference- 4"><dcterms:identifier>b4</dcterms:identifier></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4"><biro:references rdf:resource="reference-4-textual-entity"/></ rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="textual-entity"><cito:cites rdf:resource="reference-4-textual-entity"/></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity"><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression"/><frbr:realizationOf rdf:resource="reference-4-conceptual-work"/></ rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity"><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/spar/fabio/JournalArticle"/></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-conceptual-work"><dcterms:creator rdf:resource="reference-4-agent-1"/></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-agent-1"><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person"/></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-agent- 1"><foaf:familyName>Oldenburg</foaf:familyName></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-agent- 1"><foaf:givenName>H</foaf:givenName></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity">< fabio:hasPublicationYear>1665</fabio:hasPublicationYear></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity"><dcterms:title>Epistle Dedicatory</dcterms:title></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity-source"><dcterms:title>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London</dcterms:title></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity"><frbr:partOf rdf:resource="reference-4-textual-entity-source"/></ rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity"><frbr:partOf rdf:resource="periodical-volume-reference-4-textual-entity"/></ rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="periodical-volume-reference-4-textual-entity"><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/spar/fabio/PeriodicalVolume"/><prism:volume>1</prism:volume><frbr:partOf><rdf:Description><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Periodical"/></rdf:Description></frbr:partOf></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity">< frbr:embodiment rdf:resource="digital-embodiment-d1e2589"/></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="digital-embodiment-d1e2589">< prism:startingPage rdf:resource="0"/></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="reference-4-textual-entity">< prism:doi>10.1098/rstl.1665.0001</prism:doi></rdf:Description>
- 14. • The Citation Typing Ontology (CiTO) is available now, and makes the relationship explicit: brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress RDF <a about="http://dx.doi.org/10.5334 /jophd.ab" rel="cito:Uses_Data_From" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.12734”>http:// dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.12734</a>
- 15. Summary • Clear publisher guidelines. • Copyediting with data in mind • Using data papers • Ensuring machine readability of citations Any questions? Please feel free to contact brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com brian.hole@ubiquitypress.com www.ubiquitypress.com / @ubiquitypress
Editor's Notes
- This is for Stuart from the Royal Society