The Covey Matrix, also known as the Eisenhower Matrix, is a time management tool that categorizes tasks as either important or unimportant and either urgent or not urgent. It originated from Stephen Covey's book "The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People". To use it, a person lists out their tasks and sorts them into the four quadrants of the matrix based on importance and urgency. Ideally, most time should be spent on important but not urgent tasks in the upper right quadrant to be proactive rather than reactive to crises.