Cloud Computing Interview Questions

CLOUD COMPUTING INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
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1.WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING?
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing as a service
rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software, and
information are provided to computers and other devices as a
utility(like the electricity grid) over a network (typically the
Internet). (from Wikipedia)

2.WHAT IS CLOUD IN CLOUD COMPUTING?
A cloud is a combination of hardware,
networks, storage, services, and
interfaces that helps in delivering
computing as a service.
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3.WHAT ARE THE KEY CHARACTERISTICS EXPOSED BY
CLOUD COMPUTING?
1. Scalability and Elasticity via dynamic (“on-demand”) provisioning of
resources on a fine-grained, self-service basis near real-time, without
users having to engineer for peak loads.
2. Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier, because they
do not need to be installed on each user’s computer.
3. Device and location independence enable users to access systems
using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they are
using (e.g., PC, mobile phone).
4. Reliability is improved if multiple redundant sites are used, which
makes well-designed cloud computing suitable for business continuity
and disaster recovery.
5. Cost is claimed to be reduced and in a public cloud delivery model
capital expenditure is converted to operational expenditure.
6. Security could improve due to centralisation of data, increased
security-focused resources, etc., but concerns can persist about loss of
control over certain sensitive data, and the lack of security for stored
kernels.

4. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY CLOUD SERVICE?
It is a service that is used to build cloud
applications. Thus we can use cloud
application without installing it on the
computer.
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5.WHAT ARE THE DEPLOYMENT MODELS AVAILABLE
IN CLOUD COMPUTING?
Currently there are four deployment models are available in Cloud
Computing.
a. Public Cloud: A public cloud is one based on the standard cloud
computing model, in which a service provider makes resources, such as
applications and storage, available to the general public over the
Internet.
b. Community Cloud: Community cloud shares infrastructure between
several organizations from a specific community with common
concerns (security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc.), whether managed
internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally.
c. Hybrid Cloud: Hybrid cloud is a composition of two or more clouds
(private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are
bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models.
d. Private Cloud: Private cloud is infrastructure operated solely for a
single organization, whether managed internally or by a third-party
and hosted internally or externally.
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6.WHICH ARE THE VARIOUS SERVICES PROVIDED BY CLOUD
COMPUTING?
Cloud Computing provides mainly four services.
a. Software-As-A-Service(SAAS): It provide complete
hardware infrastructure and software applications. User has to
interact with it using front-end tool no matter where he is, e.g.
salesforce.com.
b. Platform-As-A-Service(PAAS): It provide some softwares
and development tools also. Users can create their application
in provider’s infrastructure at any place, e.g. GoogleApps.
c. Infrastructure-As-A-Service(IAAS): It provide virtual server
and memory. Users have to use providers API to start stop
access and configure their virtual server, e.g. Amazon web
services.
d. Desktop-As-A-Service(DAAS): It provides flexibility to use
our desktop virtually from anywhere.
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7.WHAT ARE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
USING CLOUD COMPUTING?
a. Lower computer costs: Not necessary to have high-powered computers to
access web applications. Even with cheaper computer also can give efficient
results because data is stored in the web not with us.
b. Improved performance: Everything is run in cloud so our computer doesn’t
have to take much effort to run applications. As a result, performance will be
improved automatically.
c. Unlimited storage capacity: Storage is also one kind of service provided by the
Cloud, so there is no limit to store data (based on the service provider).
d. Device independence: The actual documents are in the Cloud, so you can access
it wherever you are.
e. Security could improve due to centralisation of data, increased security-focused
resources, etc., but concerns can persist about loss of control over certain sensitive
data, and the lack of security for stored kernels.
Disadvantages
a. Requires a constant High speed Internet connection: To get benefit from this we
need to have always a high speed Internet connection.
b. Stored data might not be secure: There is no guarantee that your data stored is
in cloud is securely protected. Intruders may access to your vital data at any time.
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8.WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY CLOUDBURST?
It has two meanings pertaining to the context it is used.
One is negative and one is positive.
Cloudburst(negative): The failure of a cloud computing
environment due to the inability to handle a spike in
demand.
Cloudburst(positive): he dynamic deployment of a
software application that runs on internal organizational
compute resources to a public cloud to address a spike in
demand.
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9.WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY CLOUDSTORMING?
The process of connecting multiple could
computing environments is called
Cloudstorming.
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10.WHAT IS VERTICAL CLOUD?
Vertical Cloud is cloud computing
environment optimized for use in a
particular vertical, i.e. industry or
application.
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11. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY CLOUDWARE?
It is a general term referring to a variety of software, typically
at the infrastructure level, that enables building, deploying,
running or managing applications in a cloud computing
environment.
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12.WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY CLOUD ORIENTED
ARCHITECTURE AND CLOUD SERVICE ARCHITECTURE?
Cloud Oriented Architecture: The architecture of IT
infrastructure and software applications optimized for
use in cloud computing environment is known as Cloud
Oriented Architecture.
Cloud Service Architecture: It is an architecture in which
applications and application components act as services
on the cloud, which serve other applications within the
same cloud environment.
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13.HOW DOES CLOUD COMPUTING
PROVIDES ON-DEMAND FUNCTIONALITY?
Cloud computing is a metaphor used for internet. It provides
on-demand access to virtualized IT resources that can be
shared by others or subscribed by you. It provides an easy way
to provide configurable resources by taking it from a shared
pool. The pool consists of networks, servers, storage,
applications and services.
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14.WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY VIRTUAL PRIVATE
CLOUD?
It is the concept derived from the familiar concept Virtual
Private Network(VPN), which turns private cloud into virtual
private cloud in terms of security and ability to create a VPC
across components that are both within the cloud and external
to it.
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15.WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SCALABILITY AND
ELASTICITY?
Scalability is a characteristic of cloud computing through which
increasing workload can be handled by increasing in proportion the
amount of resource capacity. It allows the architecture to provide on
demand resources if the requirement is being raised by the traffic.
Whereas, elasticity is being one of the characteristic provide the
concept of commissioning and decommissioning of large amount of
resource capacity dynamically. It is measured by the speed by which
the resources are coming on demand and the usage of the resources.
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16.WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT LAYERS OF CLOUD
COMPUTING?
Cloud computing consists of 3 layers in the
hierarchy and these are as follows:
1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides cloud
infrastructure in terms of hardware like memory,
processor speed etc.
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides cloud
application platform for the developers.
3. Software as a Service (SaaS) provides cloud
applications which are used by the user directly
without installing anything on the system. The
application remains on the cloud and it can be
saved and edited in there only.
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17.WHAT RESOURCES ARE PROVIDED BY
INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE?
Infrastructure as a Service provides physical and virtual
resources that are used to build a cloud. Infrastructure deals
with the complexities of maintaining and deploying of the
services provided by this layer. The infrastructure here is the
servers, storage and other hardware systems.
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18.HOW IMPORTANT IS PLATFORM AS A SERVICE?
Platform as a Service is an important layer in cloud architecture. It
is built on the infrastructure model, which provides resources like
computers, storage and network. This layer includes organizing
and operate the resources provided by the below layer. It is also
responsible to provide complete virtualization of the infrastructure
layer to make it look like a single server and keep it hidden from
the outside world.
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19.WHAT DOES SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE
PROVIDE?
Software as Service is another layer of cloud computing, which
provides cloud applications like google is doing, it is providing
google docs for the user to save their documents on the cloud and
create as well. It provides the applications to be created on fly
without adding or installing any extra software component. It
provides built in software to create wide varieties of applications
and documents and share it with other people online.
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20.WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT DEPLOYMENT
MODELS?
Cloud computing supports many deployment models and they are as
follows:
- Private Cloud
Organizations choose to build there private cloud as to keep the strategic,
operation and other reasons to themselves and they feel more secure to do it. It is
a complete platform which is fully functional and can be owned, operated and
restricted to only an organization or an industry. More organizations have moved
to private clouds due to security concerns. Virtual private cloud is being used that
operate by a hosting company.
- Public Cloud
These are the platforms which are public means open to the people for use and
deployment. For example, google, amazon etc. They focus on a few layers like
cloud application, infrastructure providing and providing platform markets.
- Hybrid Clouds
It is the combination of public and private cloud. It is the most robust approach to
implement cloud architecture as it includes the functionalities and features of
both the worlds. It allows organizations to create their own cloud and allow them
to give the control over to someone else as well.
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21.WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT DATACENTERS DEPLOYED
FOR THIS?
Cloud computing is made up of various datacenters put
together in a grid form. It consists of different datacenters like:
- Containerized Datacenters
These are the traditional datacenters that allow high level of
customization with servers, mainframe and other resources. It
requires planning, cooling, networking and power to access and
work.
- Low-Density Datacenters
These datacenters are optimized to give high performance. In
these datacenters the space constraint is being removed and
there is an increased density. It has a drawback that with high
density the heat issue also creeps in. These datacenters are very
much suitable to develop the cloud infrastructure.
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22.WHAT IS THE USE OF APIÏ¿½S IN CLOUD
SERVICES?
API stands for Application programming
interface is very useful in cloud platforms as it
allows easy implementation of it on the system.
It removes the need to write full fledged
programs. It provides the instructions to make
the communication between one or more
applications. It also allows easy to create
application with ease and link the cloud
services with other systems.
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23.WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT MODES OF SOFTWARE
AS A SERVICE?
Software as a Service provides cloud application platform on
which user can create application with the tools provided.
The modes of software as a service are defined as:
1. Simple multi-tenancy: in this each user has its own
resources that are different from other users. It is an
inefficient mode where the user has to put more time and
money to add more infrastructure if the demand rises in less
time to deliver.
2. Fine grain multi-tenancy: in this the functionality remains
the same that the resources can be shared to many. But it is
more efficient as the resources are shared not the data and
permission within an application.
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24.WHAT IS THE SECURITY ASPECTS PROVIDED
WITH CLOUD?
Security is one of the major aspects which come with any
application and service used by the user. Companies or
organizations remain much more concerned with the security
provided with the cloud. There are many levels of security
which has to be provided within cloud environment such as:
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25.WHAT IS THE SECURITY ASPECTS PROVIDED
WITH CLOUD?
Security is one of the major aspects which come with any application
and service used by the user. Companies or organizations remain much
more concerned with the security provided with the cloud. There are
many levels of security which has to be provided within cloud
environment such as:
- Identity management: it authorizes the application service or
hardware component to be used by authorized users.
- Access control: permissions has to be provided to the users so that
they can control the access of other users who are entering the in the
cloud environment.
- Authorization and authentication: provision should be made to allow
the authorized and authenticated people only to access and change the
applications and data.it authorizes the application service or hardware
component to be used by authorized users.
- Access control: permissions has to be provided to the users so that
they can control the access of other users who are entering the in the
cloud environment.
- Authorization and authentication: provision should be made to allow
the authorized and authenticated people only to access and change the
applications and data.
Ph No:508-841-6144

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