CDI 1.1 university

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
CDI University
@antoine_sd
Red Hat, http://cdi-spec.org
CDI specification leader

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Antoine Sabot-Durand
•Senior Software Developer @Red Hat
!
•Java & OSS :
•CDI co-spec lead
•CDI eco-system development
•Tech Lead on Agorava
!
•@antoine_sd
•@cdispec

@YourTwitterHandle#DVXFR14{session hashtag} @antoine_sd#CDIUni
CDI basics

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
•CDI is a lot of things
•Java EE IoC standard also working on Java SE
•Context management
•Observer pattern included
•The « cement » between most Java EE spec
•An evolution engine for Java EE thanks to portable extensions
•All of this based on java strong typing
Context & Dependency Injection

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
CDI history & actual state
•Main milestone :
•December 2009 : CDI 1.0
•June 2013 : CDI 1.1
•April 2014 : CDI 1.2
•Summer 2014 : CDI 2.0 development starting
•Implementations :
•JBoss Weld (RI) : WildFly, JBoss EAP, Glassfish, Weblogic
•Apache OpenWebBeans : TomEE, Websphere
•Check http://cdi-spec.org

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
CDI activated by default in Java EE 7
•In Java EE 6, you must add a beans.xml file to your
archive
•No need to in Java EE 7 but you can still to have an
explicit activation (behave differently)
beans.xml

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Bean
•In Java EE 6 everything is a Managed Bean
•Managed beans are basic components
•They are managed by the container
•They all have a lifecycle
•They can be intercepted (AOP)
•They can be injected
•Accessible from outside CDI code.

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Dependency Injection
@Inject

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public class HelloService {!
    public String hello() {!
        return "Hello World!";!
    }!
}
Dependency Injection

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public class MyBean {!
!
    private HelloService service;!
!
    @Inject!
    public MyBean(HelloService service) {!
        this.service = service;!
    }!
    public void displayHello() {!
        display( service.hello();!
    }!
}
Dependency Injection in constructor

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
!
    private HelloService service;!
!
    @Inject!
    public void setService(HelloService service) {!
        this.service = service;!
    }!
    }!
}
Dependency Injection in setter

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
!
    @Inject HelloService service;!
!
    }!
}
Dependency Injection in field

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public interface HelloService {!
    public String hello();!
}!
public class FrenchHelloService implements HelloService {!
        return "Bonjour tout le monde!";!
    }!
}!
public class EnglishHelloService implements HelloService {!
    }!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Qualifier!
@Retention(RUNTIME)!
@Target({FIELD, TYPE, METHOD, PARAMETER}) !
public @interface French {}!
!
@Qualifier!
public @interface English {}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@French!
    }!
}!
!
@English!
    }!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
    @Inject @French HelloService service;!
    }!
}!
    @Inject @English HelloService service;!
    }!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Qualifier!
public @interface Language {!
!
    Languages value();!
!
@Nonbinding String description() default "";!
!
    public enum Languages { !
        FRENCH, ENGLISH!
    }!
}
Qualifiers with members

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Language(FRENCH)!
    }!
}!
@Language(ENGLISH)!
    }!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
    @Inject @Language(ENGLISH) HelloService service;!
    }!
}!
!
    @Inject @Language(FRENCH) HelloService service;!
    }!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Inject @French !
HelloService service;!
}!
!
@French @Console @Secured!
!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Inject @French @Console!
}!
!
!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Inject @French @Console @Secured !
}!
!
!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Inject @French @Console @Secured !
}!
!
@French @Secured!
!
}
Qualifiers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Reserved Qualifiers
@Default!
@Any!
@Named

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
!
    @Inject Instance<HelloService> service;!
!
        display( service.get().hello() );!
    }!
}
Programmatic lookup

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
!
    @Inject Instance<HelloService> service;!
!
        if (!service.isUnsatisfied()) {!
            display( service.get().hello() );!
        }!
    }!
}
Programmatic lookup

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
!
    @Inject @Any Instance<HelloService> services;!
!
        for (HelloService service : services) {!
            display( service.hello() );!
        }!
    }!
}
Programmatic lookup

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
!
    @Inject @Any Instance<HelloService> services;!
!
        display( !
            service.select(!
new AnnotationLiteral()<French> {})!
                .get() );!
    }!
}
Programmatic lookup

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Contexts
•Manage bean lifecycle
•context helps container to choose when a bean should be generated and
destroyed
•it enforces the fact that a given bean is a singleton for a given context
•Built-in CDI contexts :
•@Dependent (default)
•@RequestScoped
•@SessionScoped
•@ConversationScoped
•@ApplicationScoped
•@Singleton
•You can create your own scope

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@SessionScoped!
public class CartBean {!
!
public void addItem(Item item) {!
...!
} !
}
Contexts

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@ApplicationScoped!
!
...!
} !
}
Contexts
FAIL
!!!

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@ConversationScoped!
!
...!
} !
}
Contexts

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@ThreadScoped!
!
...!
} !
}
Contexts

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@HourScoped!
!
...!
} !
}
Contexts

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@RandomScoped!
!
...!
} !
}
Contexts

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Produces!
public MyNonCDIClass myProducer() {!
return new MyNonCdiClass();!
}!
...!
@Inject!
MyNonCDIClass bean;!
Producers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Produces!
@RequestScoped!
public FacesContext produceFacesContext() {!
return FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();!
}
Producers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Produces!
public Logger produceLog(InjectionPoint injectionPoint) {!
return
Logger.getLogger(injectionPoint.getMember().getDeclaringClass().getName());!
}
Producers

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Decorator!
@Priority(Interceptor.Priority.APPLICATION)!
public class HelloDecorator implements HelloService {!
!
    @Inject @Delegate HelloService service;!
!
        return service.hello() + "-decorated";!
    }!
}
Decorators

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@InterceptorBinding!
@Target({METHOD, TYPE}) !
public @interface Loggable {}
Interceptors

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Interceptor @Loggable !
public class LogInterceptor {!
  @AroundInvoke!
  public Object log(InvocationContext ic) throws Exception {!
   System.out.println("Entering " + ic.getMethod().getName());!
        try {!
            return ic.proceed(); !
        } finally {!
            System.out.println("Exiting " + ic.getMethod().getName());!
        }!
    } !
}
Interceptors

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Loggable!
!
    @Inject HelloService service;!
!
    }!
}
Interceptors

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Inject Event<Post> evt;!
!
…!
!
evt.fire(new Post("John Doe ", "Hello", ));!
!
…!
!
public void receiveEvt(@Observes Post evt) {!
System.out.println("Received : " + evt.message());!
}
Events

@YourTwitterHandle#DVXFR14{session hashtag} @antoine_sd#CDIUni
CDI
extension

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Extension for what use ?
•To change CDI container meta-data:
•AnnotatedType
•InjectionPoint / InjectionTarget
•BeanAttributes/Beans
•Producer
•Observer
!
•By observing the events triggered by CDI at boot time

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
How to build a CDI extension
•Create a class implementing
javax.enterprise.inject.spi.Extension
!
•Add some method that observes CDI lifecycle events to
modify Bean Manager meta data
!
•Add file : 
META-INF/services/javax.enterprise.inject.spi.Extension 
containing extension classname

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public interface ProcessAnnotatedType<X> { 
!
public AnnotatedType<X> getAnnotatedType(); 
 
public void setAnnotatedType(AnnotatedType<X> type); 
 
public void veto(); 
}
!
public interface AnnotatedType<X> extends Annotated { 
 
public Class<X> getJavaClass(); 
 
public Set<AnnotatedConstructor<X>> getConstructors(); 
 
public Set<AnnotatedMethod<? super X>> getMethods(); 
 
public Set<AnnotatedField<? super X>> getFields(); 
For Instance
•We can observe ProcessAnnotatedType event to change
a type information or force the container to ignore it.

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public class VetoEntity implements Extension { 
/** 
* Version CDI 1.0 
*/ 
public void vetoEntityLegacy(@Observes ProcessAnnotatedType<?> pat) { 
AnnotatedType at = pat.getAnnotatedType(); 
if (at.isAnnotationPresent(Entity.class)) 
pat.veto();  
}
/** 
* Version CDI 1.1+ 
*/ 
public void vetoEntity(@Observes @WithAnnotations({Entity.class})ProcessAnnotatedType<?> pat) { 
pat.veto();  
}
}
Example 1 : Ignoring JPA entities
•A commonly admitted good practice is to avoid using
JPA entities as CDI beans.
•This extension excludes entities from the set of types
discovered by CDI.

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Things to know
•Once application is bootstrapped, the Bean Manager is
in read only mode (no dynamic bean registration)
!
•Extensions are launched during bootstrap and are based
on CDI events
!
•You only have to @Observes built-in CDI event to create
your extensions

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Example 2 : Add a Bean to CDI container
•There are many ways to add a bean to those
automatically discovered at boot time
!
•The easier method is to add an AnnotatedType to those
discovered by CDI.

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public class HashMapAsBeanExtension implements Extension{ 
 
public void addHashMapAsAnnotatedType(@Observes BeforeBeanDiscovery bbd,
BeanManager beanManager) 
{ 
bbd.addAnnotatedType(beanManager.createAnnotatedType(HashMap.class)); 
}  
}
Adding a HashMap Bean 1/2
•Observing BeforeBeanDiscovery event we can add a new
AnnotatedType based on HashMap classe.

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@Decorator 
@Priority(Interceptor.Priority.APPLICATION) 
public abstract class MapDecorator implements Map{ 
 
@Inject 
@Delegate 
Map delegate; 
 
@Override 
public Object put(Object key, Object value) { 
System.out.println("------- Putting Something in the Map -----------"); 
if ("key".equals(key)) { 
System.out.println("==== Not adding key key ======"); 
return null; 
}  
return delegate.put(key,value); 
} 
}
Adding a HashMap Bean 2/2
•Once created we can add CDI service on this HashMap
bean. See that Decorator.

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
CDI 1.1 Lifecycle
Before Bean
Discovery
Process Bean
Process
Annotated
Type
Scan

Archive
Application

Running
After
Deployment
Validation
Before
Shutdown
Undeploy
Application
Process
Producer
After Bean
Discovery
Process

Injection
Target
Process
Observer
Method
Process

Injection
Point
Process Bean
Attributes
After Type
Discovery
événement unique
événements multiples
étape interne
Deployment
starts
Bean
eligibility
check

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Scheduler Extension1/4
•This extension example comes from Apache Deltaspike
project. It’s a simplified version.
!
•We want to be able to schedule jobs from by using
annotation @Schedule.

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public class SchedulerExtension implements Extension { 
private List<Class> foundManagedJobClasses = new ArrayList<Class>(); 
private Scheduler scheduler; 
 
public <X> void findScheduledJobs(@Observes @WithAnnotations({ Scheduled.class }) ProcessAnnotatedType<X> pat) { 
Class<X> beanClass = pat.getAnnotatedType().getJavaClass(); 
this.foundManagedJobClasses.add(beanClass); 
} 
 
public <X> void scheduleJobs(@Observes AfterBeanDiscovery afterBeanDiscovery, BeanManager beanManager) { 
initScheduler(afterBeanDiscovery) 
List<String> foundJobNames = new ArrayList<String>(); 
for (Class jobClass : this.foundManagedJobClasses) { 
foundJobNames.add(jobClass.getSimpleName()); 
this.scheduler.registerNewJob(jobClass); 
} 
} 
 
public <X> void stopScheduler(@Observes BeforeShutdown beforeShutdown) { 
if (this.scheduler != null) { 
this.scheduler.stop(); 
this.scheduler = null; 
} 
}
private void initScheduler(AfterBeanDiscovery afterBeanDiscovery) { 
this.scheduler = new QuartzScheduler(); 
this.scheduler.start(); 
}
}
Scheduler extension 2/4 (extension code)

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
Steps used in the extension
Before Bean
Discovery
Process Bean
Process
Annotated
Type
Scan

Archive
Application

Running
After
Deployment
Validation
Before
Shutdown
Undeploy
Application
Process
Producer
After Bean
Discovery
Process

Injection
Target
Process
Observer
Method
Process

Injection
Point
Process Bean
Attributes
After Type
Discovery
occurs once
occurs on each elt
Internal step w/o hook
Deployment
starts
Bean
eligibility
check

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
public interface Scheduler<T> 
{ 
void start(); 
 
void stop(); 
 
void pauseJob(Class<? extends T> jobClass); 
 
void resumeJob(Class<? extends T> jobClass); 
 
void interruptJob(Class<? extends T> jobClass); 
 
boolean isExecutingJob(Class<? extends T> jobClass); 
 
void registerNewJob(Class<? extends T> jobClass); 
 
void startJobManually(Class<? extends T> jobClass); 
 
<S> S unwrap(Class<? extends S> schedulerClass); 
}
Scheduler Extension 3/4 (scheduler interface)

@antoine_sd#CDIUni
@ApplicationScoped 
public class SchedulerProducer 
{ 
@Inject 
private SchedulerExtension schedulerExtension; 
 
@Produces 
@ApplicationScoped 
protected Scheduler produceScheduler() 
{ 
return this.schedulerExtension.getScheduler(); 
} 
}
Scheduler extension 4/4 (scheduler producer)

CDI 1.1 university

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CDI 1.1 university