Breakout - Airheads Macau 2013 - Microsoft Lync, Unified Communications, Cloud Application Control, and Aruba Networks
- 1. Microsoft Lync, Unified Communications,
Cloud Application Control,
and Aruba Networks
Technical Overview
Rich Langston, PLM
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- 2. Agenda
• Why should I be
interested in
Lync/UCC?
• What challenges
will I face?
Aruba
Lync
• How do I solve
these challenges?
•
•
•
RF Optimization
QoS
Troubleshooting
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- 3. FYI
Although we will talk about Lync today, many
of these techniques and features are
applicable to other types of VOIP and
Unified Communications, and enable
delivery of things like next-gen cloud apps.
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- 4. Desk Phones Are So 20th Century
Mobile UCC Applications are eliminating the need for desk
phones completely
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- 5. Lync Brings Opportunities for Big
Savings
3
Wire
d
Edge
Rightsizing savings from consolidating
unused legacy switches, lower
operating costs
Application savings from using one
common network for all multimedia,
locationing, telemetry applications
4
Infrastructure savings from extending
UC network to remote sites, branch
offices, homes
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Costs Of Running The Edge
2
Costs Of Running The Edge
1
Deployment savings from using
UC over Wi-Fi instead of wired
LAN
Rightsized
Edge
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- 6. Additional UCC Advantages
• Employees are more
productive – they can work
from anywhere
• Reduce spending on
conference calling services
• Reduce toll costs
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- 7. Is Your Network Ready For Mobile UCC?
Converged Devices
• UCC, Voice, Video, Facebook, Email, YouTube,
Games, Twitter, and Music on the same device.
• What priority should the traffic receive?
• Lync is 5 applications but one encrypted stream.
• How do you set QoS for different Lync media?
Microsoft Lync
Device Explosion
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• The average knowledge worker has 2-3 devices.
• Can you provide the speed and connectivity they
need?
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- 8. End-to-end UCC challenge (simplified)
• Diversity of client types
• Diversity of operating
systems
• Mix of managed and
unmanaged
• Interference sources
• Different RF
environments
• Channel conflicts
• Variable numbers of
clients
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• Configuration
inconsistencies
• Network bottlenecks
• QoS markings not being
honored
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• Server health
• Server capacity
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- 9. Recipe for a successful Lync/UCC Wi-Fi
Implementation
Ensure adequate Wi-Fi density
Optimize Wi-Fi to account for
UCC
Ensure proper prioritization of
UCC traffic
Ensure the right instrumentation
is in place to measure and
troubleshoot end-to-end
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- 10. Optimize the Wi-Fi Environment
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- 11. UCC RF Design Best Practices
• Pervasive RF Coverage
• Distance between APs to not exceed 50 Ft
• Minimum RF signal (RSSI) levels of -65 dBm
• Minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 25 dB
• Co-channel separation of 20 dB
• Minimum and maximum AP power difference
no greater than two steps
• On the SSID profile
15M
• Set max-tx-fail to 20
• Set max-retries to 4
15M
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- 12. ARM: Optimize Wi-Fi In Real-Time
5 GHz
Ch 52
5 GHz
Ch 149
X
2.4 GHz
Ch 1
5 GHz
Ch 36
5 GHz
Ch 161
2.4 GHz
Ch 11
2.4 GHz
Ch 6
X
X
2.4 GHz
Ch 1
Zero-Touch RF Management And Optimization
Band Steering – Move 5 GHz capable clients to 5GHz radios
Spectrum Load Balancing – Distribute clients across APs
Airtime Fairness – Keep slow clients from taking all the bandwidth
Lync-Aware ARM Scanning – Don’t change channels during a call
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Self-Healing – Adjust power to cover gaps
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- 13. Aruba ClientMatch™ Enables High
Performance Wi-Fi
REAL-TIME RF CORRELATION
DEVICE
TYPE
LOCATION
CONGESTION
INTERFERENC
E
Match to
another AP
Enables use of
High Wi-Fi data rates
Patent:
8,401,554
98% of mobile devices
with higher SNR
94% better performance
for “sticky” clients
No client-side software
required
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- 14. 802.11ac – Not required, but helpful
• 3x3:3 Dual Radio
• 5GHz 11ac: up to 1.3Gbps
• 2.4GHz 11n: up to 450Mbps
(600Mbps with Broadcom clients)
• 2x GE link aggregation
• Enabling >1Gbps TCP throughput
• Operates with 802.3af, requires
802.3at for full functionality
• More bandwidth
• Faster data rates
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- 15. AppRF – Control Access to the Air
• Even with 802.11ac, there is only so much air
available
• Unlike wired networks, this is a shared resource
• Enterprises should monitor, and, if necessary,
control what applications have access to the air
• Reduce the bandwidth provided to completely recreational apps
• Block bandwidth-hogging apps of no value to the business
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- 16. AppRF: Identify traffic for special treatment
Identify
•
•
•
Inspect traffic
with DPI engine
Determine
applications and
categories
1500 apps
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Report
•
•
On-Controller
visualization and
reporting for realtime flows
Export to
AirWave for
historical
trending and
debugging
16
Prioritize/Block
•
Classify based
on priority
•
Fix missing or
incorrect QoS
priority tags
•
Block or rate limit
bandwidth hogs
@arubanetworks
- 17. AOS 6.4 - Late 2013 - AppRF 2.0
• Incorporates Application-Aware Deep
Packet Inspection technology
– Uses next-gen techniques, not just
signatures
– Over 1500 Applications
• Operates at user role level to provide
application control
– Block application or categories of apps
– QoS applications
– Bandwidth contracts for applications
• New Category Dashboard element
• Shows apps by category such as Peer-toPeer, Streaming video
• Graphically based application blocking
work flow
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- 18. What is Application-Aware DPI?
• Uses a combination of advanced techniques for
application identification
• Uses protocol grammar analysis to understand
complex applications and their current state
• Uses advanced heuristics when required
• Signatures are used for “easy to identify” applications
– Allows advanced REGEX to be used for performance scaling
• Detects encrypted applications via certificate common
names
• To be leveraged in a future releases:
• Decodes applications inside unencrypted tunnels such as ICA
• Understands and extracts metadata to increase context
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- 19. Encrypted Applications
• Primary method of classification for
encrypted flows is use of the
unencrypted certificate information
– Primarily Common Name
• Certificate is exchanged as part of the
initial application startup
• Only allows granularity reflected in
the cert name
– All of facebook, for example, uses a cert with
“Facebook” as the CN
• Extraction of metadata or any deeper
analysis isn’t possible
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- 20. Application Categories
•
This is an initial list – will probably evolve slightly
•
Block/QoS/Bandwidth contracts can control these categories with a single
configuration line
•
User-defined categories will be available in a post 6.4 release
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- 21. AirWave 7.7 Historical Trending
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- 23. End-to-End: Different QoS Techniques
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- 24. End-to-End Prioritization
• For QoS and WMM to work effectively, they must be
deployed end-to-end throughout the network
• All components must recognize the packet marking and
must react in the same way to ensure proper handling
• Complete deployment of QoS ensures consistent
delivery of data
• WMM/802.11e is used for QoS on the Wireless side
• DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) and 802.1p tagging is used
on the wired side
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@arubanetworks
- 25. 802.11 Access Rules Basics
• Distributed Coordinated Function (DCF)
– Transmission rules followed by all clients
• Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision
Avoidance (CSMA/CA)
– Responsible for mediating access to the air
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#airheadsconf
- 26. Access Categories with EDCA
High Priority
1. Voice Data
2. Video Data
Application
Data
“Air”
3. Best Efforts
4. Background
Low Priority
•
WMM Specifies how priority queues map to DSCP and dot1P tags
•
Different access categories, different contention parameters
•
4 queues per radio; 8 queues total; supported on all APs
•
Voice and video gets priority over data
•
EDCA parameters decides a unique delay and random back off for each
queue
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#airheadsconf
- 27. Why it is important to understand DSCP
• End-to-end prioritization is important for quality of Lync calls
• Clients can send Lync traffic with DSCP tags
• DSCP Tag is mapped to WMM-AC tag to prioritize the packets over
the Air
• In tunnel mode, since lync packet is encrypted, AP can only see
WMM-AC prioritization from the outer header and puts DSCP tag
corresponding to WMM-AC prioritization flag defined in DSCP-WMM
mapping in SSID profile
• If there is no mapping in SSID profile, AP derives DSCP tag from
standard WMM-DSCP conversion algorithm
• Controller can retag the packet as per DSCP-WMM mapping in SSID
profile if the tagging in the incoming packet is not correct
• In d-tunnel mode, AP decrypts the packets and puts the inside DSCP
tag on the wire
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- 28. WMM-DSCP Configuration on Controller
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- 29. UCC Visibility, Control, and Debugging
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- 30. Typical Lync QoS Services
• Basic WMM prioritization
for Lync RTP traffic based
on ports or incoming
DSCP tags
• Configuration heavy
WLAN
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• Prone to mis-classification
of traffic
• Tagging video on the high
queue is a bad idea…
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@arubanetworks
- 31. Aruba’s Solution: Application Level
Gateways (ALGs)
•
•
•
•
•
ALGs are deep packet
inspection technology
Listen on particular ports and
take action when the traffic is
recognized as being part of
the supported VOIP traffic
streams
QoS packet flows
Collect call and protocol
statistics for troubleshooting
ALGs are handled in the
controller using the control
plane
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@arubanetworks
- 32. VOIP/UCC ALGs Supported
• Cisco SCCP, a.k.a. “Skinny” – Cisco’s original VOIP
protocol. Many customers have moved on to Cisco’s
Jabber protocols
• NOE – This is Alcatel’s original VOIP protocol.
Modern Alcatel systems use SIP
• Vocera – This is Vocera’s version of SIP
• SVP – SpectraLink Voice Protocol
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@arubanetworks
- 33. Standards-Based UCC Signaling Protocol
Support
• H323 – A protocol for streaming media control used
by many UCC and video solutions
• SIP – Session Initiation Protocol – another signaling
protocol used by most modern VOIP
• RTSP – Real Time Streaming Protocol – Another
protocol for control of streaming audio/video
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- 34. Aruba’s Lync QoS Services
• Heuristics to identify Lync
voice and video seperately
• Lync aware video
management
WLAN
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• Full support for iOS,
Android, Windows, Mac
OS X, Windows Phone
• Works on Lync 2010, 2013,
Online
• Traffic retagging
• Inline voice quality
assessment
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@arubanetworks
- 35. Heuristics: How they work
• Called “Classify Media”
• Create an ACL to trigger deeper inspection of traffic
• ACL triggers on ports used for UCC
• May need to include IP address or hostname as well
• Once the ACL triggers, we analyze traffic from the
client
• If the traffic looks like a supported audio or video
stream format, we will QoS it appropriately
• Supports separate classification of audio and video
streams
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35
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- 36. UCC Solutions we support using
heuristics
• Microsoft Lync
• Pre 6.1.3.10 – only Lync 2010
• 6.1.3.10 and 6.3.1 – all Lync including Lync 2013 apps, laptop and
mobile
• Lync Online (Office 365) is supported with these builds for heuristics
only
• Apple Facetime
• Cisco Jabber – planned for future AOS release
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- 37. Heuristics Work with Lync Online Today!
• Heuristics approach works well with Lync Online
• Special configuration is needed we will cover later
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- 38. Beyond Heuristics: Direct Integration
with Microsoft Lync Server
• Heuristics are never perfect
• Microsoft SDN API Integration
• Uses information directly from the Microsoft server
for fine-grained application identification
• Allows separate detection and QoS for Voice, Video,
Desktop Sharing, and File Sharing
• Eliminates the need for deep packet inspection
• Adds Lync “Quality of Experience” (QoE) metrics
for debugging
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- 39. Lync SDN Model
Lync
Increased visibility into Lync
traffic and events
Ability to correlate network
and call information
Lync SDN API
REST Architecture
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- 40. Lync SDN QoS Flow
1. User establishes Lync call to
another device
–
2
AirWave
Call setup is through server, call is
peer-to-peer
2. Lync server sends session
information to Controller
3. Controller uses data for QoS
and AppRF visibility
4
3
–
–
–
–
Voice gets DSCP 56 (0x38)
Video gets DSCP 40 (0x28)
Desktop Sharing gets DSCP 40 (0x28)
File transfers get DSCP 24 (0x18)
4. Controller sends app usage
data to AirWave
1
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- 41. Dialog Event
Events:
Lync
•
Start, Update, Error & End
Dialog
Attributes:
LEN Dialog Shim
Lync
Dialog Event
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
SIP URIs
Call ID
IP SA/DA
Protocol
Transport S/D Ports
Media Type
Codex & BW
Networks & Operation Systems
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- 42. UCC Troubleshooting Challenge
• Where is the problem?
•
•
•
Is the Wi-Fi network congested?
Are the wired network tags wrong?
Is it something else?
?
Lync Call Problem
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Help Desk Request
42
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- 43. Lync SDN– Collecting call data
3
2
1
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1. At the end of each call, the call
participants send data on call
quality to the Quality of
Experience (QoE) server - a
component of Lync
2. The QoE server reports stats
to the controller
3. Controller builds monitoring
pages
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@arubanetworks
- 44. Quality Update Event
Events:
Lync
•
Quality Update event for
Voice, Video or Data
Attributes:
Lync LEN Dialog Shim
Quality Update
Event
•
•
•
•
•
•
5 Tuple Value
NMOS Value
Delay Value
Jitter Value
Packet Loss Value
Healer ratio Value
Networks & Operation Systems
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- 45. Lync Diagnostics: Getting To Root Cause
• End-to-end insights into call quality and the
root cause of problems
• Wi-Fi call metricsinclude R-value, jitter, delay, packet
loss, AP-controller packet loss
• Includes caller/callee extension number mapping to MAC
address, call status, voice or video call type, active client
sessions at time of call, other Lync traffic
• Reports include system-, Wi-Fi AP-, and
client-level details, client roaming data, and
historical call records
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- 46. Examples of Call Statistics
Lync Voice Clients
Call Performance Report
Call Detail Report
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- 47. ArubaOS 6.4 – Network-Wide UCC Stats
Select the Trend view for Call Volume
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DONE
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- 48. WiFi and Call Heath View
Speeds troubleshooting UCC issues
– Is it the WiFi, or something else
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- 49. ArubaOS 6.4 – Per Client Quality View
Click breadcrumb to go back to dashboard
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DONE
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- 50. AArubaOS 6.4 Call Details View
Click breadcrumb to go back to dashboard
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DONE
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- 51. Aruba AirWave – combine call quality and location
Click on ‘X’ in top right of popup to dismiss
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DONE
@arubanetworks
- 52. Better Together – MS Lync and Aruba
Lync Ready Wi-Fi
Complete UCC Solution
802.11ac APs with
ClientMatch™ reduces sticky
clients and increases speed
Lync client visibility and QoS
per application
Lync Wi-Fi qualified and SDN
API vendor (certification in
progress)
Voice, Video, Chat, Desktop
Sharing and File Transfer
Presence information with
Exchange Integration
Cross-platform Microsoft
Windows, MacOS, iOS, and
Android
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- 53. Call to Action!
• Would you like to learn
more about making your
Wi-Fi UCC a success?
• Would you like help
deciding which approach
is best for you?
• Want your users in the
fast lane?
• Contact me after the talk!
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Editor's Notes
- These questions will be the basis whether to use heuristics or SDN API.
- When it comes to performance, there is no match to Aruba’s ClientMatch technology. As you know, there are a variety of different client devices out there running on different operating system, different driver versions, even different capabilities like 802.11 a or b or g or n as well as 11ac. Not all these devices are created equal and just one poorly behaving client can bring down the performance of the whole network. The fundamental issue that on a Wi-Fi network the client device is in control. They make their own decisions on which AP to connect to, how long to stay connected to that AP and when to let go leading to the well known sticky client problem. Problem with this approach is that the Client devices have a narrow view of the network and are generally making decisions that may not be in the best interests of the overall network. ClientMatch fixes this by enabling the Wi-Fi infrastructure to make decisions on behalf of the client while keep a global network wide view in mind. If you are talking on your cell phone while driving down the road, you are probably going through several different cell towers. As you pass the towers, your active call and your devices is being actively steered by the cell company to the best cell tower for your device. Similarly, ClientMatch enables the infrastructure to steer the devices to the best possible AP based on several different factors like device type, location of the device, signal to noise ratio in the vicinity of the device as well the load on the Access Point. You can see this in action on the animated slide here where the iPad is being steered to another AP. With ClientMatch, the goal is to improve the quality of every single connection which effectively boosts overall network performance providing users with a superior user experience. As you see on this slide, Aruba has already been granted a patent on this technology making it unique and highly differentiated. Without ClientMatch, an 802.11ac network will operate no different than a 802.11n network and users will not experience much performance gains. In a real world test, we observed 98% of the devices significant improvement in their Signal to noise ratio when ClientMatch was enabled on the network.
- Aruba’s 802.11ac capable AP220 series Access Points are the first on the market with true gigagit support. With total aggregate capacity of 1.75Gbps, which is well over 1 gigabit, Aruba’s APs are outfitted with dual GigE ports for link aggregation. In addition, the 220 series can be operated with standard 802.3af PoE which is supported by most access layer switches. This means customers can extend the life of their existing wired infrastructure while upgrading to the latest mobility solution without having to make capital investments for wired infrastructure upgrades. What’s most unique about the AP220 is the ability to exceed 802.11n speeds in the 2.4GHz band. Aruba’s 802.11ac AP supports up to 600Mbps in 2.4 band which is an increase of 150Mbps when used with Broadcom based devices like Apple macbooks, iphones and ipads as well as Samsung galaxy phones. The 220 series AP will be available both in controller based and controller less versions at a list price of $1295. Lets touch briefly on what we mean by purpose-built
- http://www.clker.com/clipart-transparent-magnifying-glass.html
- These questions will be the basis whether to use heuristics or SDN API.
- These questions will be the basis whether to use heuristics or SDN API.
- 30:24 – 32:44
- These questions will be the basis whether to use heuristics or SDN API.
- These questions will be the basis whether to use heuristics or SDN API.
- QoS for Lync voice & video flows Aruba has been the leader in supporting Lync traffic and was the first certified to fully differentiate and support proper QoS in Microsoft Lync. Other vendors are just now catching up to where we were with Lync, but we have already moved on here. The key challenge with Lync is to correctly set and propagate through the network the correct quality of service (Qos) for Lync chat, voice, video, desktop sharing, and file transfers. Since Lync traffic is encrypted it’s challenging to differentiate between these different flows, and so QoS is often set incorrectly by the network infrastructure resulting in a bad customer experience. In our first generation of Lync services we developed heuristics to look at the Lync traffic flows and differentiate between latency-sensitive voice and other services. This worked well and allowed us to set the right QoS when Lync traffic flowed over the network. If we received Lync packets that were mismarked, say from a switch, we could also retag the packet.
- Traditional wireless architectures map a client to a particular SSID, then segregate different traffic types by SSID and map each to a particular VLAN. Separate VLANs for voice and data implies a security model, while use of separate SSIDs implies different QoS handling. This model does not scale very well nor does it support converged applications or devices. In contrast, Aruba Mobility Controllers have built-in application layer gateways (ALGs) – Aruba’s Mobile Edge Architecture integrates a stateful application-aware firewall in the WLAN infrastructure. This firewall provides the WLAN with capabilities to detect most common VoIP protocols including SIP, H.323, NoE, SCCP, Vocera to make bandwidth reservations and QoS prioritizations as required.Integrated stateful firewall Segregate, prioritize and police traffic by session, not device, SSID or VLANSSIDs can be used for other purposes (security, radio characteristics)
- QoS for Lync voice & video flows Aruba has been the leader in supporting Lync traffic and was the first certified to fully differentiate and support proper QoS in Microsoft Lync. Other vendors are just now catching up to where we were with Lync, but we have already moved on here. The key challenge with Lync is to correctly set and propagate through the network the correct quality of service (Qos) for Lync chat, voice, video, desktop sharing, and file transfers. Since Lync traffic is encrypted it’s challenging to differentiate between these different flows, and so QoS is often set incorrectly by the network infrastructure resulting in a bad customer experience. In our first generation of Lync services we developed heuristics to look at the Lync traffic flows and differentiate between latency-sensitive voice and other services. This worked well and allowed us to set the right QoS when Lync traffic flowed over the network. If we received Lync packets that were mismarked, say from a switch, we could also retag the packet.