Beyond the catalogue : BibFrame, Linked Data and Ending the Invisible Library

Beyond the Catalogue
BibFrame, Linked Data and Ending the
Invisible Library
Ksenija Mincic-Obradovic

• Much of library data is tied directly to its ILS,
with MARC used for internal and external data
communication
• Linked Data is seen as the next common
infrastructure for communicating library data
and embedding it into the semantic web
• BibFrame - an alternative to MARC,
developed to be more compatible with the
Internet and Linked Data environment, and to
offer new opportunities to leverage
information

FRBR
(Functional Requirements for
Bibliographic Records)
An Entity-Relationship Model
Relationship
Entity 1 Entity 2

#1
Work
Expression
Manifestation
Item
#2
Person
Family
Corporate body
#3
Concept
Object
Event
Place
FRAD
(Functional Requirements for
Authority Data)
FRBR Entities

The FRBR model can be used to
• Cluster bibliographic records retrieved via
search
• Display search results in more meaningful
ways
• Assist users in selecting items

Beyond the catalogue : BibFrame, Linked Data and Ending the Invisible Library

RDA
(Resource Description and Access)
• The new, unified cataloguing standard
• Designed for the digital world and an
expanding universe of metadata users

• New MARC fields for RDA attributes have
been established for names and for resources
(works and expressions)

New MARC Authority fields for name
attributes:
• 046 - Special Coded Dates (R)
370 - Associated Place (R)
371 - Address (R)
372 - Field of Activity (R)
373 - Affiliation (R)
374 - Occupation (R)
375 - Gender (R)
376 - Family Information (R)
377 - Associated Language (R)

AACR2
245 1 0 $a Ready for advanced. $p Teacher's book $h [kit]

• Enables Linked Data functionality
• The model and its components are still in
discussion and development

• 2011, May – BibFrame initiative announced
• 2011, Oct. – BibFrame Plan published – Linked
Data model to be used
• 2012/2013 – Early experimenter investigation
(NLM, George Eashington University, OCLC,
Princeton, BL, DNB, LC)
• 2014 – Testbed, discussion, shared tools
(editor, transformations)
• 2015 – Revised vocabulary and LC pilot

Creative Work - a resource reflecting a conceptual
essence of the cataloging resource.
Instance - a resource reflecting an individual,
material embodiment of the Work.
Authority - a resource reflecting key authority
concepts that have defined relationships reflected in
the Work and Instance. Example of Authority
Resources include People, Places, Topics,
Organizations, etc. One important concept in
Authority is domain, which is the entity taking
responsibility for the recognition, organization and
maintenance (to ensure integrity) of the
authoritative resources.
Annotation - a resource that enhances our
knowledge about another resource when knowing,
minimally, 'who' is doing the annotating is
important. Library Holdings, Cover Art and
Reviews are examples types.
http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/model.html

BibFrame Initiative
• http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/
Try out BibFrame Editor
• http://bibframe.org/tools/editor/

Linked Data
Is structured, machine-readable data
Can be incorporated into online content easily
Can improve visibility of library collections

RDF Triples
Subject
Belfast
Alister
McGrath
Object
Person
1953
Predicate
Is a
Was born inWas born in
Data instead of records

Examples of Datasets
• DBpedia – 3.4 million concepts described by 1
billion triples, including abstracts in 11
different languages (extracted data from
Wikipedia)
• GeoNames - provides RDF descriptions of
more than 7.5 million geographical features
worldwide

Schema.org
General purpose vocabulary for describing
things on the web used by millions of domains.
OCLC working to expand Schema.org to better
accommodate library data

ISNI
(International Standard Name
Identifier)
• The ISNI database is built from hundreds of
databases worldwide, and based on linking
through matching algorithms
• ISNIs are freely available and widely diffused.
• Each assigned ISNI is accessible by a
persistent URI in the
form http://isni.org/isni/[isni] for
example:
http://isni.org/isni/0000000114473392

ORCID (Open Researcher and
Contributor ID)
Nonproprietary
alphanumeric code to
uniquely
identify scientific and
other academic
authors

ORCID
• Becoming increasingly popular in the academic
world
• Used by publishers (Thomson Reuters;
Elsevier, Springer, etc.)
• Used in research data registers and research
management systems (DataCite, Symplectic
Elements, PURE)

"I believe everyone benefits from the visibility of
libraries and their content on the Web.“
Dr. Eric Miller @ Zepheira

CREDITS
http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/images/bibframe.png
http://bibframe.org/
http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data
http://blog.kareldonk.com/the-global-brain/
Photo of RDA cake curtesy of D. fritz

Beyond the catalogue : BibFrame, Linked Data and Ending the Invisible Library

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Beyond the catalogue : BibFrame, Linked Data and Ending the Invisible Library

Editor's Notes