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Android by LAlitha

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Lally Lalitha

The document discusses the history and development of the Android operating system. It describes how Android was founded in 2003 by Andy Rubin and was later acquired by Google in 2005. It provides an overview of Android versions from 1.0 to the current version, the open source nature of Android, and the tools and languages used to develop Android applications like Java and XML. It also summarizes the process for submitting an Android app to the Google Play store.

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Andy Rubin
What is an Operating System? What is An Android? History of Android? Open Source-Closed Source OS OHA(Open Handset Alliance)& Members in OHA. History of Android Versions? Versions Android Architecture Tools and Languages Submitting of An Android application into Android market.
 An Operating System act as interface between User and Mobile hardware.  Each manufacture consists of separate Operating System their product Namely =>Nokia- Symbian, Belle , Windows,Android =>Samsung- Bada, Android =>Apple- iOS =>BlackBerry- BlackBerryOS =>HTC-Symbian ,Android.
 An Android is a Linux-based Operating System & a set of software packages for Mobile device such as Mobiles, Tablets, Computer Notebooks.  A free Open Source Operating System for Mobile Devices.  Android is not Only for Mobiles.  It is currently used in Televisions,Watches,Washing Machines, Tablets.  It is not a product or a device.  It consists of Linux-based kernel ,middleware and key Applications.
 Android Incorporation was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States in October, 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Chris White.  Google financially supports initial developer and purchased it in 2005.  Android is a Andy’s nick name because of his fascination in robot.  Andy Rubin and the team worked on the precursor to Android, which they aimed would run on phones and digital cameras.  OHA formed in 2007 and Google was released Android beta version as an open source under Apache licsense.
Open Source:  Open-source is a development model promotes an universal access via a free license to a Product. Ex: Ubuntu, Open Solaris, Free BSD. Closed Source:  Closed-source is also a development model and it have certain license we must buy and it’s source code doesn’t share with public. Ex: Windows, Mac OS, Solaris .
 OHA is a consortium of 98 firms to develop Open standard for Mobile device.  OHA was established on 6 Nov 2007 led by Google with 34 members including Mobile Handset makers, application developers, Mobile carriers and chip makers.  Members of firms including Google,Dell,HTC,Intel , LG-Electronics, Samsung-E lectronics,T-Mobiles, Sprint Nextel, and Texas Instruments, Nvidia.
 chip maker
 Android has been seen number of updates from its original Version.  Each updated version typically fix the bugs and adding new features from its previous version.  Android version name starts with Alphabetical order.  Each Android version named under a dessert(One sweet item).  Android beta version was released Nov-2007.
 1.0-Astro or Alpha in 2008(Sep).  1.1-Blender or beta in 2009(Feb).  1.5-Cupcake in 2009(Apr).  1.6-Donut in 2009(Sep).  2.0/2.1- Éclairs in 2009(Oct).  2.2- Froyo in 2010(May).  2.3-GingerBread in 2010(Dec).  3.0-HoneyComb in 2011(Feb).  4.0- Ice-cream sandwich in 2011(Oct).  4.1/4.2- JellyBeans in 2012(Jun).  4.4-Kitkat in 2013 (Sep).  5.0- lollipop in 2014(Nov).
 Cupcake: It is the major OS for Android ,it supports widgets and folders on home screen.  Donut: It is resolution of Home screen widgets and folders and it have efficient camera interface.  Éclairs: It is mainly used for browsing purpose and it also update the Google map API.  Froyo: It is faster than previous versions due to Just-in-time compiler and it supports Adobe flash.  Gingerbread: It is mainly used for UI, and it have NFC(Near Field Communication) so that the devices are can share the data with out connection.  Honeycomb: It is mainly used for tablets but it was little bit succeeded but greatly improved in 3D rendering and hardware acceluration.
 Ice Cream Sandwich: It is refined version of Honeycomb and it optimizes the mobile device.  Jellybeans: It support multiple account users , home screen notifications, lock screen widgets, quick search notification bars, photosphere, Google now.  Kitkat: It having lot of advantages like Better memory management, Improved Google Now, hangouts app upgreaded,smart caller Id, immersive mode, integrated with cloud storage, lock screen Art.  Lollipop: Project Volta – Big Battery Life, Material Design, New Notifications.
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
 Android is based on 2.6 Linux kernel.  Kernel act as a bridge between S/W and H/W.  It provides some system services such as Security, Process management, Memory management and drivers .
 Each Android run on its own processor instead of Dalvik virtual Machine.  Dalvik has been written so that a device can run on multiple VMs efficiently.  The DVM executes files in Dalvik executable format which optimized for minimal memory.  DVM converts the .class files into the .dex(Dalivk executable) files.
 Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various components of Android System. Surface Manager: manages Access to display subsystem and seamlessly composites 2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple applications. SSL: Source Socket layer. SGL: Scalable Graphics Library. SQLite: It is a powerful and light weight relational Data Base Engine available to all application.
 Android will ships a set of core applications including email client, SMS program, calendar, Maps, Browser and Contacts.  In application framework we have many components one of the very important component of application framework is activity manager. This is the component which actually manages life cycle of the applications and gives us a common back-stack for navigates.
Tolls used in Android: • Android SDK • Java JDK • Eclipse IDE • ADT-plugin Languages used in Android: • Java • XML(Extensible Markup Language)
Eclipse IDE  Eclipse IDE is an open source community whose project building tools and frameworks are developed for general purpose applications.  The most popular usage of Eclipse is as a Java development environment. So android project also developed using eclipse.  Download the ADT(Android Development Tool) plugin • Start Eclipse, then select Help > Install New Software • Click Add, in the top-right corner. • In the Add Repository dialog that appears, enter "ADT Plugin" for the Name and the following URL for the Location. https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse • Click OK.
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
 Select Window > Preferences... to open the Preferences panel (on Mac OS X, select Eclipse > Preferences).  Select Android from the left panel.  For the SDK Location in the main panel, click Browse... and locate your downloaded Android SDK directory (such as android-sdk-windows).  Click Apply, then OK.
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
 AVD Manager provides a Graphical User Interface in which you can create and manage the AVD, which are required by the Emulator .  You can launch the AVD Manager in using this path select Window --> AVD Manager, or click the AVD Manager icon in the Eclipse toolbar.
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
 src – your source code(JAVA)  gen – auto-generated code (usually just R.java)  Included libraries  Resources(XML)  Drawables (like .png images)  Layouts  Values (like strings)  Manifest file
• Preferred way of creating User Interface. • Used to define some of the resources  Layouts (UI)  Strings • Manifest file
• Auto-generated: you shouldn’t edit it • Contains IDs of the project resources • Enforces good software engineering • Use findViewById and Resources object to get access to the resources  Ex. Button b = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1)  Ex. getResources().getString(R.string.hello));
• In res/values strings.xml • Application wide available strings • Promotes good software engineering • UI components made in the UI editor should have text defined in strings.xml • Strings are just one kind of ‘Value’ there are many others
 Contains characteristics about your application  When have more than one Activity in app, NEED to specify it in manifest file  Add an Activity in manifest.xml  Need to specify Services and other components too.  Also important to define permissions and external libraries, like Google Maps API
 To run android application right click your project and Run as Android Application  To debug your application right click your project and Debug as Android Application
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
Android by LAlitha
 There are 7 steps STEP1:  Make sure you’ve properly prepared, tested, and compiled your app as outlined in the Android Developers Guide.
 Create a Developer profile on the Android Market. From the Android Market site, sign with your Google Account. If you don’t have a Google Account, you can register for one on Google.  To create the Developer profile, you’ll need to provide your name, email, website URL, and phone number.
 Pay a $25 registration fee. This is a one-time fee required for all developers, even if you are publishing a free app. You can pay using credit card or Google Checkout.
 Agree to the Android Market Developer Distribution Agreement.
 Once you’ve completed the registration portion, you’re ready to upload your app. Click the Upload Application button.
 Upload your compiled .apk file to the Android Market. You’ll need to fill out a form and upload all assets including any screenshots or promotional graphics. On the form, you will provide details such as a title, description of your app, category, price, and language.
 Once the App is uploaded, you should see in the Android Market in a matter of moments.
Android by LAlitha

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Android by LAlitha

  • 2. What is an Operating System? What is An Android? History of Android? Open Source-Closed Source OS OHA(Open Handset Alliance)& Members in OHA. History of Android Versions? Versions Android Architecture Tools and Languages Submitting of An Android application into Android market.
  • 3.  An Operating System act as interface between User and Mobile hardware.  Each manufacture consists of separate Operating System their product Namely =>Nokia- Symbian, Belle , Windows,Android =>Samsung- Bada, Android =>Apple- iOS =>BlackBerry- BlackBerryOS =>HTC-Symbian ,Android.
  • 4.  An Android is a Linux-based Operating System & a set of software packages for Mobile device such as Mobiles, Tablets, Computer Notebooks.  A free Open Source Operating System for Mobile Devices.  Android is not Only for Mobiles.  It is currently used in Televisions,Watches,Washing Machines, Tablets.  It is not a product or a device.  It consists of Linux-based kernel ,middleware and key Applications.
  • 5.  Android Incorporation was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States in October, 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Chris White.  Google financially supports initial developer and purchased it in 2005.  Android is a Andy’s nick name because of his fascination in robot.  Andy Rubin and the team worked on the precursor to Android, which they aimed would run on phones and digital cameras.  OHA formed in 2007 and Google was released Android beta version as an open source under Apache licsense.
  • 6. Open Source:  Open-source is a development model promotes an universal access via a free license to a Product. Ex: Ubuntu, Open Solaris, Free BSD. Closed Source:  Closed-source is also a development model and it have certain license we must buy and it’s source code doesn’t share with public. Ex: Windows, Mac OS, Solaris .
  • 7.  OHA is a consortium of 98 firms to develop Open standard for Mobile device.  OHA was established on 6 Nov 2007 led by Google with 34 members including Mobile Handset makers, application developers, Mobile carriers and chip makers.  Members of firms including Google,Dell,HTC,Intel , LG-Electronics, Samsung-E lectronics,T-Mobiles, Sprint Nextel, and Texas Instruments, Nvidia.
  • 9.  Android has been seen number of updates from its original Version.  Each updated version typically fix the bugs and adding new features from its previous version.  Android version name starts with Alphabetical order.  Each Android version named under a dessert(One sweet item).  Android beta version was released Nov-2007.
  • 10.  1.0-Astro or Alpha in 2008(Sep).  1.1-Blender or beta in 2009(Feb).  1.5-Cupcake in 2009(Apr).  1.6-Donut in 2009(Sep).  2.0/2.1- Éclairs in 2009(Oct).  2.2- Froyo in 2010(May).  2.3-GingerBread in 2010(Dec).  3.0-HoneyComb in 2011(Feb).  4.0- Ice-cream sandwich in 2011(Oct).  4.1/4.2- JellyBeans in 2012(Jun).  4.4-Kitkat in 2013 (Sep).  5.0- lollipop in 2014(Nov).
  • 11.  Cupcake: It is the major OS for Android ,it supports widgets and folders on home screen.  Donut: It is resolution of Home screen widgets and folders and it have efficient camera interface.  Éclairs: It is mainly used for browsing purpose and it also update the Google map API.  Froyo: It is faster than previous versions due to Just-in-time compiler and it supports Adobe flash.  Gingerbread: It is mainly used for UI, and it have NFC(Near Field Communication) so that the devices are can share the data with out connection.  Honeycomb: It is mainly used for tablets but it was little bit succeeded but greatly improved in 3D rendering and hardware acceluration.
  • 12.  Ice Cream Sandwich: It is refined version of Honeycomb and it optimizes the mobile device.  Jellybeans: It support multiple account users , home screen notifications, lock screen widgets, quick search notification bars, photosphere, Google now.  Kitkat: It having lot of advantages like Better memory management, Improved Google Now, hangouts app upgreaded,smart caller Id, immersive mode, integrated with cloud storage, lock screen Art.  Lollipop: Project Volta – Big Battery Life, Material Design, New Notifications.
  • 16.  Android is based on 2.6 Linux kernel.  Kernel act as a bridge between S/W and H/W.  It provides some system services such as Security, Process management, Memory management and drivers .
  • 17.  Each Android run on its own processor instead of Dalvik virtual Machine.  Dalvik has been written so that a device can run on multiple VMs efficiently.  The DVM executes files in Dalvik executable format which optimized for minimal memory.  DVM converts the .class files into the .dex(Dalivk executable) files.
  • 18.  Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various components of Android System. Surface Manager: manages Access to display subsystem and seamlessly composites 2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple applications. SSL: Source Socket layer. SGL: Scalable Graphics Library. SQLite: It is a powerful and light weight relational Data Base Engine available to all application.
  • 19.  Android will ships a set of core applications including email client, SMS program, calendar, Maps, Browser and Contacts.  In application framework we have many components one of the very important component of application framework is activity manager. This is the component which actually manages life cycle of the applications and gives us a common back-stack for navigates.
  • 20. Tolls used in Android: • Android SDK • Java JDK • Eclipse IDE • ADT-plugin Languages used in Android: • Java • XML(Extensible Markup Language)
  • 21. Eclipse IDE  Eclipse IDE is an open source community whose project building tools and frameworks are developed for general purpose applications.  The most popular usage of Eclipse is as a Java development environment. So android project also developed using eclipse.  Download the ADT(Android Development Tool) plugin • Start Eclipse, then select Help > Install New Software • Click Add, in the top-right corner. • In the Add Repository dialog that appears, enter "ADT Plugin" for the Name and the following URL for the Location. https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse • Click OK.
  • 24.  Select Window > Preferences... to open the Preferences panel (on Mac OS X, select Eclipse > Preferences).  Select Android from the left panel.  For the SDK Location in the main panel, click Browse... and locate your downloaded Android SDK directory (such as android-sdk-windows).  Click Apply, then OK.
  • 27.  AVD Manager provides a Graphical User Interface in which you can create and manage the AVD, which are required by the Emulator .  You can launch the AVD Manager in using this path select Window --> AVD Manager, or click the AVD Manager icon in the Eclipse toolbar.
  • 41.  src – your source code(JAVA)  gen – auto-generated code (usually just R.java)  Included libraries  Resources(XML)  Drawables (like .png images)  Layouts  Values (like strings)  Manifest file
  • 42. • Preferred way of creating User Interface. • Used to define some of the resources  Layouts (UI)  Strings • Manifest file
  • 43. • Auto-generated: you shouldn’t edit it • Contains IDs of the project resources • Enforces good software engineering • Use findViewById and Resources object to get access to the resources  Ex. Button b = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1)  Ex. getResources().getString(R.string.hello));
  • 44. • In res/values strings.xml • Application wide available strings • Promotes good software engineering • UI components made in the UI editor should have text defined in strings.xml • Strings are just one kind of ‘Value’ there are many others
  • 45.  Contains characteristics about your application  When have more than one Activity in app, NEED to specify it in manifest file  Add an Activity in manifest.xml  Need to specify Services and other components too.  Also important to define permissions and external libraries, like Google Maps API
  • 46.  To run android application right click your project and Run as Android Application  To debug your application right click your project and Debug as Android Application
  • 50.  There are 7 steps STEP1:  Make sure you’ve properly prepared, tested, and compiled your app as outlined in the Android Developers Guide.
  • 51.  Create a Developer profile on the Android Market. From the Android Market site, sign with your Google Account. If you don’t have a Google Account, you can register for one on Google.  To create the Developer profile, you’ll need to provide your name, email, website URL, and phone number.
  • 52.  Pay a $25 registration fee. This is a one-time fee required for all developers, even if you are publishing a free app. You can pay using credit card or Google Checkout.
  • 53.  Agree to the Android Market Developer Distribution Agreement.
  • 54.  Once you’ve completed the registration portion, you’re ready to upload your app. Click the Upload Application button.
  • 55.  Upload your compiled .apk file to the Android Market. You’ll need to fill out a form and upload all assets including any screenshots or promotional graphics. On the form, you will provide details such as a title, description of your app, category, price, and language.
  • 56.  Once the App is uploaded, you should see in the Android Market in a matter of moments.