15 13248 telecommunication mamana aji

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Vol. 5, No. 2, February 2017, pp. 363 ~ 375
DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i2.pp363-375  363
Received November 22, 2016; Revised January 15, 2017; Accepted January 30, 2017
Telecommunication Numbering System Roadmap
Towards NGN Era in Indonesia
Maman Abdurohman*
1
, Bambang Setia Nugroho
2
, Aji Gautama Putrada
3
1,3
School of Computing, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia
2
Electrical Engineering Faculty, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia
Corresponding author, e-mail: abdurohman@telkomuniversity.ac.id
1
,
bambangsetianugroho@telkomuniversity.ac.id
2
, ajigps@telkomuniversity.ac.id*
3
Abstract
The telecommunication numbering system in Indonesia currently complies to the International
TelecommunicationUnion (ITU) standard, that is ITU-T E.164. In accordance to both technology
development and the growing of network users, ITU has also been designing future infrastructure network
concept, namely Next Generation Network Infrastructure (NGNI). In its technical paper, ITU discusses
future generation’s specification as well as current network migration scenarios towards NGN in
developing countries and its impact on regulations, business processes, and the numbering system. The
scenario described in the concept is yet universal and the implementation would be highly depending on
the conditions of ones country. This paper proposes the roadmap of numbering system from the current
state into NGN numbering for the case of Indonesia. It is important since Indonesia has unique
circumstances compared to other developing countries. It needed a roadmap that is relevant with its
numbering system transformation condition towards NGN numbering. The method used in this paper are
benchmarking with several countries that have started with the transformation process, forecasting with
regression method based on the existing trends and descriptive analysis. This paper has proposed the
stages of numbering roadmap towards NGN numbering system, the achievement parameters, and the
indicators that are suitable for Indonesia.
Keywords: Roadmap, Numbering, NGNI, Forecasting and ITU
Copyright © 2017 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Numbering is one of the important issues in telecommunications as the identity of the
end-system device that is connected to the network . Currently, the telecommunications
numbering system used in Indonesia, and most countries, are using a 15-digit number of ITU-T
E.164 [1, 2] standard. Today, the length of 15-digit numbers can accommodate the needs of
telecommunications services users, particularly in Indonesia. However, in the long term,
regarding the rapid growth of users and the changes of technology, transformations of
numbering system and network infrastructure is certainly required. In the future, the
telecommunications users would not be only humans, but may include huge number of devices
such as sensors and actuators. It is believed that in the future the width of digit numbering
would be inaddequate for telecommunications requirement.
Telecommunication users in Indonesia is significantly growing over time. Until mid-
2014, there have been more than 351.8 million mobile customers and Fixed Wireless Access
(FWA) [3] in Indonesia. This phenomenon and the trend will continue to increase. Supported by
mobile operator services and the growth of applications that could be accessed online, the
number of users would increase significantly. In addition, as a result of competition between
telecommunication operators, communication tariff will become cheaper. Consequently, the
price of the card will also become cheaper.
The need of number as user identifier will continue to increase from time to time. One of
the triggers are changes in lifestyle and behavior of users upon high technology. In average
user has more than one gadget and device. Smart phones, tablets, GPSs, cameras, PDAs and
laptops are examples of devices owned by the users. Almost all high-tech devices can connect
to the Internet either through a wired or wireless network. Each device is expected to obtain

 ISSN: 2502-4752
IJEECS Vol. 5, No. 2, February 2017 : 363 – 375
364
significant benefits that can be connected to the Internet with an identity number of
telecommunications.
The limitation of telecommunications-digit number, that is 15 digits, and the growing of
telecommunications users would lead to number insufficiecy. It needs regulations to rule the
system by the regulator, in this case government of Indonesia, for an efficient and effective
utilization. In Law No. 36 Article 23 paragraph (2) explained that the numbering system is set up
by the Minister [4]. The regulator is taking control in setting the numbering system to create a
conducive business environment as well as serving the public appropriately.
International standard agencies, such as the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF),
ATIS, The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the European Telecommunications
Standards Institute (ETSI) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), has designed
the future network infrastructure. One of the important concepts of standardization design is the
convergence of IP-based telecommunication services. In this case the ITU has issued techincal
papers on the data network and open system communication, and next generation network
(NGN) [5, 6]. The technical paper discusses migration scenarios of existing telecommunications
networks toward NGN networks in developing countries. In addition, there has been a case
study that discusses the migration process in one of the developing countries [7].
Future network is heading to the networks convergence based on Internet Protocol (IP).
Current telecommunications network that based on the frequency with Time Division
Multiplexing (TDM) access methods, is beginning to be abandoned. Since these methods have
no capability to provide applications service at high speed and low cost. On the other hand,
data-based telecommunications network – that has an IP network would be able to deliver low
cost and large amounts of data. The services that tend to increase in the future would include :
Voice over Broadband (VoBB), Machine to Machine Communication (M2M) and the Mobile
Number Portability (MNP). These services are based on IP interconnection.
The Changes of network infrastructure in Indonesia from TDM-based networks towards
IP-based networks will affect the numbering system used in Indonesia. It needs a roadmap that
includes the concept of phasing that suits the existing condition in Indonesia. Such conditions
include the readiness of the regulators, network conditions and conditions of the
telecommunication companies. Numbering Roadmap contains numbering system
transformation stages with clear milestones, consisting of parameters as well as achievement
criteria in each stage.
2. Indonesia Telecommunication Numbering System
Telecommunications numbering system, which is mostly used in Indonesia, is using the
ITU-T E.164 [1, 2] standard. In this numbering system, each subscriber is identified by a series
of numbers starting by country code + national destination code + number, sequencially.
National destination code consists of two categories namely: a number that indicates the
geographical area and that does not indicate the area. National destination code which
indicates the area serves as an area code. National destination code which does not indicate
areas that function as network access codes that is featuring the type of network or service
type.
Telecommunications services in Indonesia are mostly provided by means of network-
based Circuit Switched and Package Switched. The numbering system used on each network in
Indonesia is shown in Figure 1. Circuit swithced network numbering system used ITU-T E.164
and X.121 [1, 2] standards. On the other hand, the data packet connection is done over packet
– switched networks that uses IPv4 and some IPv6. Voice over IP (VoIP) service is an example
of transfering voice over packet-swithced.
The role of Indonesian government is a regulator that regulates the use of the
numbering system in Indonesia. Various policies have been issued regarding to the numbering
system in Indonesia. The initial policy of telecommunications numbering system in Indonesia is
determinedin National Fundamental Technical Plan (FTP) in 2000 [8]. In its later development,
FTP has undergone various alterations in government Telecommunications regulation [9].
various regulations of the Minister for Communications and Information Technology have been
issued relating to Indonesia numbering system, with regard to the registration upon Customers
of Telecommunications Services [10], the implementation of content services [11], IPv6
roadmap [12] and alteration of FTP2000 [13].

IJEECS ISSN: 2502-4752 
Telecommunication Numbering System Roadmap Towards… (Maman Abdurohman)
365
Non-Geographical plan - Network
Geographical plan – area code
IPv4 and IPv6
address
ITU-T
E.164
ITU-T
X.121
Circuit
Switched Network
Voice Service
Data CS
Packet
Switced Network (IP)
Data Packet
VoIP
Fixed Network
Mobile Cellular
Communication
Network
Fixed-Wire
FWA
Figure 1. The existing numbering system used in Indonesia
3. Next Generation Network Infrastructure (NGNI)
Future network platform is based on Internet Protocol (IP). The smallest unit of data is
called as a packet that will exchanged from one end-system to the others. There is a platform
that will exchange information from source to destination. IP-based communications standards
have been designed by world standardization bodies such as 3GPP, IETF, ETSI, ATIS and ITU.
A platform will ease the packet exchange system. There is only one type of packet will sent from
all sources to all destinations with different paths that can be chosen automatically according to
conditions. The entire data generated at the application level will be sorted into several forms of
uniform packet, including voice data.
Video Service
(TV, movie,
etc)
Video
Service
Network
Telephone
Service
PSTN
Data
Service
(www,
e-mail, etc)
Data
Network
(PSDN,
internet) Fixed and Mobile Boradband
N
G
N
Voice Internet Video MM
IP (Common Platform)
Service in Legacy Environments
Figure 2. The Current Network Configuration and NGN [6]
Future networks on a packet-base is using a common platform that is Internet Protocol
(IP). Figure 2 illustrates the future network structure with the IP as a system interconnection that
connects applications layer and infrastructure. At the top there are various services that
emerged in the NGN era. Services provided include a wide range of applications that are
prepared to meet the various aspects of future communications. At the bottom, the IP platform
connected to the network and physical access. Applications are transparent to existing network
infrastructure underneath means the services provided at the application layer is not depending
on types of its network technology.
The existing network, as a legacy, comprises of various network types that have some
differencies compare to NGN platform. Each type of network has a different application
services, these are Network Video Services, Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN) and the
Public Switch Data Network (PSDN). Each network has characteristics that are suitable for a
particular application. Differences in the basic concept of this network is becoming a challenge
in the development of a new common network. So that a migration concept from the current
network toward the NGN network is required.

 ISSN: 2502-4752
366
Human-to-Human
Communication
Object-to-Object
CommunicationN G N
Human-to-
Object
Communication
Human-to-
Object
Communication
Ubiquitous Networking
PC
TV
PDA
Vehicle
Home
Electronics
Sensors
RFID Tag
Camera
Home Server,
GatewayMedical
DeviceSmart
Card
Telematics,
Navigation
Device
Wearable
PC
Mobile
Phone
Database,
Web,
Application
Server
Humans
With
Attached
Device
Objects (Remote
Monitoring and
Informtion Devices)
Figure 3. Coverage of NGN services [6]
In the NGN system, there are two aspects that plays an important role as show in
Figure 3. These are the object and the human. Relationships that occur in the NGN environment
is Human-to-human, human-to-object and object-to-object communiaction. The entire aspects
are connected by using NGN backbone. Human-to-humman communication is the most
common. Likewise, the next development is human-to-object communication. In this case the
man is connected with various devices such as the amount of data that is generated from the
sensors, monitored by using a mobile phone. Another interaction occurs between the object-to-
object such as sensors to actuators that do not involve human beings. Communication between
object and object is usually termed as machine-to-machine communication.
4. Benchmark
4.1. Australia
The Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) is a body which is given
authority to organise communication and media in Australia. ACMA has defined a structure of
Australia's telephone numbering plan [14] in which to regulete Australia's telephone numbering
system. Currently, numbering system comprises of four major groups namely: General purpose
number, business and information number, limited used number and access code.
NOW Medium Term Long Term 2020 ?
Subscriber
Numbers
General Services
02, 03, 07, 08
Mobile Services
04, 0X, 014
New Services
06
Free Services 18
Premium Rate &
Micropayment
Services 19
Low Rate Services 13
Business &
Information
Number
Access Codes
International Access 00
Service Provider Codes
14
Testing Services 127
International network
services 126
Electronic Addressing
Other
Indentifiers IP Addresses
Personal
Numbers Access
Service
Numbers
General Purpose
Number
Geographic
Business and
Information
Number Directory
Assistance
and
Related
Access
Code
Limited
Used
Number
Figure 4. Evolution Line in Australia's numbering regulation [15]

367
ACMA's vision is to lead IP-based communications system as part of the network
system of the future. Figure 4 shows the ACMA's vision, that is to migrate the current state
towards NGN. There is a stage to fill the gap between the current state of the NGN. NGN
implementation in Australia is expected to begin in 2020. The migration process is to be done
from its current state into NGN, through mid term stage that would be a transition from the
current state to the NGN system. In the transition period (medium term) numbering system is
grouped into three major groups namely Subscriber Numbers, Business & Information Number
and Access Codes. In the long term, around 2020, numbering system will be completely
transformed into the IP-based communications networks characteristics.
4.2. Bangladesh
A study carried out by ITU in collaboration with the Bangladesh Telecommunications
Company Limited (BTCL) in planning the access evolution to NGN in Bangladesh [7].
Bangladesh is one of the developing countries in southern Asia that have common
characteristic of other developing countries in Asia. The study createdseveral important
recommendations as follows:
1. There are needs of services expansion to include the telecom operators for a wider
service, of which the implementation needs collaboration between regulators and
telecommunications stakeholders
2. The need of infrastructure improvements with their migration from PSTN to
infrastructure with new technologies, in order to provide better service.
3. The needs of comprehensive roadmap to build an implementation plan, including
regulation, involving regulators; service providers and related sectors.
4. Development of highspeed boradband network that would be economically efficient.
5. Establish a team for NGN migration process.
6. Collaborate with strategic partnersfor migration in the early stages.
7. Develop a training programs for employees to facilitate the migration process.
8. To establish an IP-based team of experts whose technically study the IP network
implementations concept.
9. Digitizing the entire information to be easily accessed
10.To build collaboration among telecommunications actors in the development of physical
network infrastructure to bet more efficient
The recommendations issued by ITU are important suggestions to improve the
condition of telecommunications in Bangladesh. The Recommendations could also be used for
other developing countries as an initial stage of migration from existing networks towards NGN.
In General three important aspects to be considered in implementing NGN strategy in a
particular country. These are to involve the entire stakeholders and the telecommunications
regulators, as well as the need of a roadmap that shows the Transformation stages and a team
that would monitor the migration process continuously.
5. Analysis: Backasting and Forecasting Method
5.1. Backasting Approach
Backasting approach is an approach to create a stage that starts from the final
conditions and compare it with the current conditions to obtain gap between the two. Gap is
used as a reference to be fulfilled during the available timeframe . Based on the benchmarking
with other countries, the era of NGN in Indonesia or in other developing countries will be
occurred around the year 2025. There is a span of ten years until the complete NGN systems,
ranging from infrastructure to the numbering system, are fully implemented.
a. The numbering system in NGN Era
The numbering system operated in the NGN era different from the existing numbering
system. Addressing used in the existing network refers to International standards ITU-T E.164,
which consists of: the access code of a country, area code, office code and customer number.
On the other hand, NGN numbering system is based on IP with a unique users' addresses.
An IP-based NGN network systems (packet switch) connects various types of
underlying network. Therefore, the system is designed to be independent from the existing
transport network layerand the access network. End system Identity stated as a unique name
based on IP address. The subscriber's identity is statedwith an IP address, or addressing by

 ISSN: 2502-4752
368
using URL (Uniform Resource Locator), which has been commonly in use, which is a translation
of a particular IP address that is used as the identity of an application server [3]. An IP address
is a unique address that is used by customers to identify and communicate in IP-based
networks. An IP address can be viewed as a phone number. IP has two versions, IPv4 with the
length of 32 bit addresses and IPv6 addresses with a 128 bitslength.
b. The transition numbering system
In the transition period, a numbering system that can map from the numbering system
E.164 to Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) called the E.164 Number Mapping (ENUM) is in
operation. The system uses the Domain Name Server (DNS) for the process of translation of
E.164 telephone numbers into IP addresses.
The current numbering system, which use the existing circuit switched based system, is
to be maintained until the entire IP based (packet switched) is fully operated. In transition era,
Communication between two different systems occurs. The current numbering complies to the
standard numbering system E.164. A transition numbering system between the two systems
remains being required.
A system consisting of two different addressing concepts can not directly communicate
with each other. It needs a mapping that allows the two different user addressing identity to
communicate. The system that is built on a transition directed to a communication process that
run simultaneously and both systems can interact without alteringthe basic concept of
numbering that has been settledin each network.
5.2. Forecasting Approach
Forecasting approach is based on trends that occurred in the telecommunications
industry in Indonesia today, and then the trend is projectedto the next few years based on a
similar pattern on the trend of previous years. Based on a future estimationfor the next few
years, the readiness to enter the era of NGN in Indonesia can be predicted.
a. Existing condition
The system identifier that is utilisedthroughout the telecommunications network in
Indonesia, are shown in Table 1. Each identifier system is belong to a particular body that
responsible for funding allocation, complyingto the applicable regulations. Currently only phone
numbers,which structure that has been described in Fig.1. has been strictly regulated by the
state, through the Ministry of Communication.
The telecommunications numbering Regulations that exist in Indonesia starts from the
National FTP 2000 [8], which areadjusted gradually. Here is a summary of the National FTP
adjustments until 2014:
1. Kepmenperhub No. 28 Th 2004 on long distance and prefix [16].
2. Permenkominfo No. 06 / P / M. Kominfo / 5/2005 on the format and multi organizers
DLD [17].
3. Permenkominfo No. 13 / Per / M. Kominfo / 03/2006 on VoIP prefix format [18]
4. Permenkominfo No. 43 / P / M. Kominfo / 12/2007 on the format of the DLD access
code [19].
5. Permenkominfo No. 3A / P / M. Kominfo / 04/2008 on changes in the definition of
prefixes and Overview on Number Designation. [20].
6. Permenkominfo No. 09 / PER / M.KOMINFO / 06/2010 concerning Overview Number
Designation. [21].
7. Permenkominfo No. 17 of 2014 on SMS,
8. Permenkominfo No. 17 year 2014 on SMS, numbering for customers, Mobile Cellular
Telephone System and area code [13]
Some of the important issues related to the utilisation of telecommunications numbering
and development trends in Indonesia, and predicted development in the next few years, are as
follows.
1. Issues with respect to the fixed telephone numbering system.
Availability of numbers to be able to meet the needs of users in the next few years is
one of the initial issues is widely discussed. Based on the trend in recent years and forecasts
until 2020 as shown in Figure 5.a. the trend of fixed telephone usage will tend to be stagnant.
This shows that the fix phone is unlikely to grow so that the availability of numbers is not an
important issue in the next few years.

369
Table 1. Identifier System Currently Used in Indonesia (Source: Kominfo Indonesia)
Allocated By Allocated To Structure Standard And
International
Regulation
Other Rules
And
Policies
Allocatio
n Tarriff
Telephone
Numbers
the Ministry of
Communicatio
n and
Informatics.
Tellecomunicati
on Operators
The area
codes
(geographical)
, NDC,
prefixes (VoIP,
IDD, DLD, call
centers,
calling card,
RPUU),
number IN
Rec.ITU-T.
E.164
FTP 2000
Chapter II
No
Ip Address APNIC (in Asia
Pacific), IDNIC
(in Indonesia),
with APJII
ISP regional
Address lock
RFC 2050,
RFC 2928,
RFC 3177
Policy ICANN /
IANA, in
coordination
with the
regional
Internet
registries
yes
Domain
Name.Id
PANDI
(Pengelola
Nama Domain
Indonesia)
Organisasationa
nd Individu
N/A policies of the
Ministry of
Communicatio
n and
Informatics
yes
Application-
Specific
Identity
Organizations
responsible for
the application,
for example:
banks, etc.
Individual internal no Application-
specific
regulation
No
(a) (b)
(c)
Figure 5. The growth of telephone users and prediction (a) PSTN, (b) Fixed telephone and
(c) Fixed-broadband

 ISSN: 2502-4752
370
Other than Fix Phone, there are Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) of which the trend
continues to decline. Figure 5.b. shows the aggregate trends FWA and fixed phone of which
declining in recent years and is predicted to continue to decline. The decrease in the number of
users means that blocks of numbers previously reserved for FWA would no longer be used, so
that could be used for other numbering. One of the important issues is the growth of fixed-
broadband users. The predicted growth and trend of fixed-broadband user until next year can
be seen in Figure 5.c. This growth can not be apart from the growth of social media services
that require greater bandwidth.
Solution to the allocation of fixed telephone numbering is as follows. Numbering
originally provided for fixed numbering and FWA can be reallocated to the numbering of Fixed-
Broadband.
2. Issues related to the numbering system on the mobile phone.
Based on both the trend and predictions of mobile phone usage in recent years, the
mobile phone users will continue to grow in the next few years. Fig.6 shows the mobile users
growth and its estimates in the future. The allocation of numbering for mobile phones has been
settledin the FTP in 2000 [8] that is about 8.1 billion numbers. Based on the number of mobile
phone users estimation, mobile phone numbering would besufficient. However, the growth of
mobile phone numbers are not limited to human users. There is growth potential new customer,
ie. a non-human customer, namely machine to machine connections, M2M. Total requirements
for the number of machines is much more than the human customer, in conclusion, the
availability of numbers is becoming a significant issues. Figure 6. Shows the forecast in graphic
form.
Another issue is the swing of fixed telephone users to those of mobile phone. Users
tend to be more mobile and increasingly private. There is a shift from fixed to mobile users and
from public to private phone. The use of a phone number is no longer depending on the
technology underneath.
Figure 6. Growth in Cellular Mobile Telephone and M2M [22]
Critical issues in the development of mobile phone usage can be solved as follows.
There is a need to simplify numbering system in order to obtain blocks of numbers that are no
longer be used, tobe transformed into a block of mobile phone numbers that anticipate M2M
customer. Number portability system can be applied according to the user needs as a personal
identity number.
3. Issues related to the numbering system on an IP-based phone..
Issues with regard to IP-based telephone services have been regulated in the
transportation minister decree [23]. IP-based telephone services are considered as part of the
multimedia services. The IP telephony Operators obtains prefix number allocation and can
collaborate with other network owners. The numbering system on an IP-based phone is not a
new issue. it has been arranged in the minister's decree.

371
5.3. Main Issues of Analysis
Some important issues from the analysis discussed above is as follows.
a. Geographic boundaries
In the era of NGN, addressing is using IP address with the majority of users behavior
are tent to mobile. IP addressing system is regardless to border area. Geographical limitation
phone users are no longer required. In the future, numbering with geographic boundaries is no
longer required and should be abolished. There is a needs to discuss charging system and
routing that are agreed by regulators and telecom actors considering that the system is
completely different.
b. Number Portability
The customers numbering system that are flexible and independent upon operators is
becoming important. Numbers is treated as personal identity that is unchanged. Changes in the
telecommunications network services do not need to change the customers numbering. There is
a requirement for an agreed migration process from one operator to another at the time of
operator services transfer. As preparation for the NGN era numbering system, number
portability system placement can be performed on the E.164 numbering system.
c. DNS Server Indonesia.
DNS Server is required during the transition period when the E.164 system
worksconcurrently with IP-based numbering. DNS servers are used for mapping between E.164
numbering with IP-based in Indonesia. A particular DNS servers with the entire IP addresses
and its translation with E.164 numbering are required in Indonesia.
d. IP Single Identity
Single identity is a unique user’s identification concept for all purposes. This single
identity can be used as a telecommunications identifier, demography, taxes, email etc. This
single identity can use an existing identity such as ID cards or tax payers ID or a unique new
numbering system
6. Roadmap: Stages Targets and Indicators
6.1. Stages Targets
There are two main significant components of technological change from the existing
conditions towards NGN technologyin Indonesia, these are infrastructure and numbering.
Infrastructure is the first component to migrate from legacy technologies such as: PSTN, PSDN
and Mobile towards NGN infrastructure. The migration process can be done in two ways:
overlay and/or replacement. Firstly : Overlay allows two systems running simultaneously during
the migration process. The system used is tunneling. Data on the NGN network is sent using
legacy backbone then in the end system is changed again into the NGN system. Secondly : to
replace the entire system, so that the full NGN can be implemented as an island in the middle of
a legacy technology. Numbering is the next component to be migrated from the current
numbering system, ie. E.164 numbering towards IP-based. Migration process can be made in
phases with a clear objectives.
Phasing time in migration process, from its current state into NGN, is determined by two
important aspects, these are infrastructure and services.
1. Infrastructure Readiness
Full NGN infrastructure readiness is influenced by two main aspects: the core and
access networks. Based on benchamarking with Bangladesh[7], it takes at least 6 years for
migration process of both networks. Considering that Indonesia is an archipelagic country, the
migration process would take longer. Infrastructure migration process can be completed by the
year 2025. For cellular mobile network, infrastructure readiness is determined by the migration
of 2G-3G technology, which curently being dominant, towards the 4G and 5G.
2. Availability of services
In the era of NGN there are new services provided in line with changes in the network
infrastructure. Numbering is an enabler which connects end system to another end system. IP-
based numbering will be used in conjunction with IP-based network readiness in 2025. Based
on benchmarking with Australia, ACMA has designed addressing identifier using the IP address.
This would be a complement to the migration period before finally fully utilised.

 ISSN: 2502-4752
372
Figure 7 shows the stages of the numbering migration process from the existing
conditions toward numbering on NGN. There is a transitional stage that enables the migration
process runs smoothly. The numbering system migration process requires three main stages,
these are preparation, transition and final stages. At each stage there is a target to be achieved
and the actions taken to achieve the target.
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Making the
transition draft
regulations of IP
based numbering
system
Drafting regulations
to rearrange the
E.164 Numbering
Plan
Testbed drafting
regulations for the
transitional
numbering system
(ENUM)
Provision of core network
that supports NGN
Stipulation of regulation for
numbering system transition
period
INFRASTRUCTURE
The provision of access
network that supports NGN
Providing support for VoIP
The provision of NGN-based
core network
Stipulation of NGN numbering
system regulation
Provision of NGN based access
networks
PREPARATION TRANSITION FINAL
NUMBERING
Legacy:
PSTN,
PSDN,
Mobile
NGN
(IP-based)
IPv6
IPv4
X.121
E.164
IPv6
NAT
IPv4
ENUM
X.121
E.164
IPv6
ENUM
E.164
Migration Process : Overlay and/or Replacement
Provision of core
network to support
NGN
The provision of
access network that
support NGN
ENUM numbering
system testing on a
limited scale
Provisiion of access network
with NGN numbering system
Figure 7. Stages of migration towards IP-based NGN numbering system
Referring to the predictions that is using both forecasting and backcasting methods,
migration process in Indonesia numbering system can be divided into three stages, namely
preparation, transition and Final stages.
1) Preparation Phase (2016-2017)
The preparation phase is aimed to synchronize the actions taken under the existing
telecommunications condition in Indonesia. During the preparation stage assessment on the
readiness of the existing regulations and the conditions of core and access infrastructure owned
by operators in Indonesiais carried out. Infrastructure is important to be assessed, considering
that numbering system could not be separated from its infrastructure.
During the preparation stage, there are two goals that must be met within two years
(2016-2017), these are:
a. Regulatory readiness for the transition of E.164 numbering system to the IP based system.
b. Operator infrastructure readiness, both core and access network, for migration.
A numbering system regulation compulsory for the the migration process
implementation. Operators can perform operational transformation based on the designated
regulations. Structuring of regulation can be made by evaluating regulations that have been
endorsed and adjusted for the preparation of migration to IP-based numbering system.

373
System Implementation is carried out by the operators. Two parts of the infrastructure to
be prepared are the core network as the infrastructure backbone and access network as a
connection point of customers to the network.
2) Transition Phase (2018-2021)
The second stage is the transition from the existing numbering system to NGN
numbering system. At this stage the numbering system migration process starts on a limited
basis. The old system and the new system start to be implemented simultaneously in one
system. Some parts have been tried out with the fully NGN system.
In the transition phase, there are two objectives to be achieved within three years
(2018-2021), namely:
a. Migration proses from E.164 to IP-based numbering system
b. The availability of telecom operator infrastructure for the implementation of joint numbering
system of E.164 and IP based, and fully IP based.
In this transition phase, the migration process starts with implementing IP based
numbering system on a limited basis and run in parallel with the E.164 system.
Tellecomunication operators infrastructure are ready for the implementation of both fully IP-
based and part of the system.The Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) is a
body which is given authority to organise communication and media in Australia. ACMA has
defined a structure of Australia's telephone numbering plan [14] in which to regulete Australia's
telephone numbering system. Currently, numbering system comprises of four major groups
namely: General purpose number, business and information number, limited used number and
access code.
3) Final Stage (2022-2025)
The final stage in the numbering system migration process is the implementation of the
full IP-based numbering system. The numbering system is implemented from end to end for
both core and access network. Regulation has been made available to support IP-based NGN
numbering system. Network operators have fully complied with the purposes of NGN and
numbering system.
In the final stages, there are two objectives are to be achieved within three years (2022-
2025), namely:
a. The practice of NGN regulation numbering system in the entire operators
b. NGN network based service delivery by the telecommunications operators.
In this final phase the NGN technology and numbering system has been adopted by
telecom operators in Indonesia. The numbering system used is a single IP-based numbering
system. The services supported by this new technology is available to customers.
6.2. Indicators of Stages Targets Achievement
The migration process from one condition to another has several stages to ensure the
achievement of the final conditions. Each stage has measurable targets. In order to measure
the achievement of individual objectives, measurable performance indicators have been
defined, to show the level of achievement of eachtarget. Tables 2, 3 and 4 show the
stakeholders who play the role in the transition process to achieve the targets at each stage with
clear success indicators.
Table 2. Success Indicators on Preparation Phase
N
o
Target Stakeholders Action Success Indicators
1 Regulatory readiness
for the transition of
E.164 numbering
system to the IP
based numbering
system
Regulator 1. Preparation of draft
regulations for transition to IP-
based numbering system
Regulation for transition of
numbering system utilization is
available
2.Drafting regulations to
rearrange E164Numbering Plan
Regulation for restructuring of
E164 numbering plan
3. Preparation of draft Test-bed
regulations for transition
numbering system (ENUM)
test bed Regulation for the
transition numbering system
(ENUM)
2 Readiness of the
operator
infrastructure for
migration of both
core and access
network.
Telecommuni
cation
operators
1. Provision of core network to
support NGN
50% of Core network telecom
operators are using NGN
technology

 ISSN: 2502-4752
374
Table 3. Success Indicators on Transition Phase
N
o
Target Stakeholders Action Success Indicators
1 Process of E.164
numbering system
migration to IP-based,
is implemented
Regulator 1. Regulation Endorsment
process, of the transition period
for numbering system.
Regulations on numbering
system transition period have
been endorsed and complied
by the operators.
2 Availability of
telecommunication
operators'
infrastructures for the
implementation of
E.164 and IP based
joint numbering
system, as well as
fully IP-based
numbering system
Telecommunic
ations
operator
1. Provision of support NGN core
network
Core network 80% support
NGN
2. The provision of network
access that support NGN
Access network operators 60%
support NGN technology
3. Providing support for VoIP Telecommunications operators
providing VoIP service
Table 4. Final Stage Success Indicators
No Target Stakeholders Action Success Indicators
1 The use of NGN
numbering system
regulation in all
operators
Regulator 1.Stipulation of the numbering
system regulation NGN
Stipulation of NGN
numbering system regulation
and complied by the operator
2 NGN network
based service
provision by
telecommunication
operators
telecommunicati
on operators
1 Provision of core network based
on NGN
Core network operators using
NGN technology
2. Provision of access networks
based on NGN
Access network operators
using NGN technology
3. Providing access to a network
with NGN numbering system
The entire elecommunications
customers are using NGN
numbering
Good cooperation as a team between the regulator and telecom operators are essential
for bringing the system to fruitionand running on NGN era. The role of regulator is to create and
establish regulations in telecommunications. Telecom operators acting as principals at the field
to bring NGN technology with NGN numbering system in to reality.In this roadmap both have an
important role on their own scope.
7. Conclusion
In order to switch the telecommunications numbering system into the NGN technology,
Roadmap on telecommunications numbering in Indonesia is implemented in three phases,
these are the preparatory, transitional and final stages. This phasing is made with giving
attention to the migration process that will occur within the core and access network
infrastructure and the services provided above them. This process is carried out by taking into
account the readiness of all stakeholders in Indonesia. The targets set up for each stage are
aimed to be a reference to measure the level of achievement in each stage. Every stage of the
migration process requires cooperation between regulators and telecom operators. Each has an
obligation to meet the defined goals. The roadmap is tailored to the state of Indonesia as a
developing country which has a core and access infrastructure that is ready for the migration
towards NGN technology.
References
[1] ITU, International numbering plan for public data networks. http://handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/5161,
2000.
[2] ITU, The international public telecommunicationnumbering plan.
http://handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/10688, 2010.
[3] BPS, Statistik Telekomunikasi Indonesia 2014. www.bps.go.id, 2014.
[4] Kemensesneg, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 36 Tahun 1999 Tentang Telekomunikasi.
www.dpr.go.id, 1999.

375
[5] ITU, Next Generation Networks – Frameworks and functional architecture models.
http://handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/7400, 2004.
[6] ITU, Technical paper: Migration scenarios from legacy networks to NGN in developing countries - for
agreement. www.ITU.int, 2013.
[7] ITU, NGN Access Network Planning : A Case Study of BTCL Network in Bangladesh. www.ITU.int,
2011.
[8] Kemenhub, Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor : KM 4 Tahun 2001 Tentang Penetapan
Rencana Dasar Teknis Nasional 2000 (Fundamental Technical Plan National 2000) Pembangunan
Telekomunikasi Nasional. https://jdih.kominfo.go.id, 2001.
[9] Kemenkominfo, Peraturan Menteri Nomor 01/PER/M.KOMINFO/01/2010 tentang Penyelenggaraan
Jaringan Telekomunikasi. https://jdih.kominfo.go.id, 2010.
[10] Kemenkominfo, Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 23/M.KOMINFO/10/2005
Tentang Registrasi Terhadap Pelanggan Jasa Telekomunikasi. www.postel.go.id, 2005.
[11] Kemenkominfo, Peraturan Menteri Nomor 21 Tahun 2013 tentang Penyelenggaraan Jasa
Penyediaan Konten pada Jaringan Bergerak Seluler dan Jaringan Tetap Lokal Tanpa Kabel dengan
Mobilitas Terbatas. https://jdih.kominfo.go.id, 2013.
[12] Kemenkominfo, Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Republik Indonesia Nomor 13 tahun
2014 Tentang Kebijakan Roadmap Penerapan IPv6 di Indonesia. https://jdih.kominfo.go.id, 2014.
[13] Kemenkominfo, Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 tahun
2014 Tentang Perubahan Ketujuh atas Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor KM. 4 tahun 2001
Tentang Penetapan Rencana Dasar Teknis Nasional 2000 (Fundamental Technical Plan National
2000) Pembangunan Telekomunikasi Indonesia. https://jdih.kominfo.go.id, 2014.
[14] ACMA, Numbering : Structure of Australia’s telephone numbering plan. www.acma.gov.au, 2010.
[15] ACMA, Telephone n umbering — Future d irections. www.acma.gov.au, 2011.
[16] Kemenhub, Kepmen Perhubungan No 28 tahun 2004 Tentang Perubahan atas lampiran Keputusan
Menteri Perhubungan Nomor KM. 4 tahun 2001 tentang Penetapan Rencana Dasar Teknis Nasional
2000(Fundamental Technical Plan National 2000) Pembangunan Telekomunikasi Nasional, 2004.
[Online]. Available: www.postel.go.id. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2016].
[17] Kemenkominfo, Permenkominfo No.6/P/M.Kominfo/5/2005 tentang Perubahan kedua atas
Keputusna Menteri Perhubungan No. KM4 tahun 2001 tentang Penetapan rencana dasar teknis
nasional 2000(Fundamental Technical Plan National 2000) Pengembangan Telekomunikasi
Nasional, 2005. [Online]. Available: www.postel.go.id. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2016].
[18] Kemenkominfo, Permenkominfo No. 13/Per/M.Kominfo/03/2006 tentang Perubahan ketiga atas
Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No. KM 4 tahun 2001 tentang penetapan rencana dasar teknis
nasional 2000 (Fundamental Technical Plan National 2000) pembangunan telekomunikasi nasional,
2006. [Online]. Available: www.atsi.or.id. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2016].
[19] Kemenkominfo, Permenkominfo No. 43/P/M.Kominfo/12/2007 tentang Perubahan keempat atas
2007. [Online]. Available: dittel.kominfo.go.id. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2016].
[20] Kemenkominfo, Permenkominfo No. 3A/Per/M.Kominfo/04/2008 tentang Perubahan kelima atas
nasional 2000 (Fundamental Technical Plan National 2000) pembangunan telekomunikasi nasional.
https://jdih.kominfo.go.id, 2008.
[21] Kemenkominfo, Permenkominfo No. 09/P/M.Kominfo/06/2010 tentang Perubahan keenam atas
2010. [Online]. Available: dittel.kominfo.go.id. [Accessed: 14-Jun-2016].
[22] ITU, Mobile-cellular subscriptions, 2015. [Online]. Available: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-
D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx. [Accessed: 17-Jun-2016].
[23] Kemenhub, Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan no KM 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Penyelenggara Jasa
Internet Teleponi untuk Keperluan Publik, 2002. [Online]. Available: www.postel.go.id. [Accessed: 17-
Jun-2016].

15 13248 telecommunication mamana aji

Related slideshows

More Related Content

15 13248 telecommunication mamana aji