Altitude NY 2018: Programming the edge workshop
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This document discusses programming at the edge using Fastly's edge cloud platform. It provides an overview of Fastly's fiddle tool which allows users to test edge configurations by writing VCL code without affecting production configurations. The document outlines several exercises that can be completed in the fiddle tool, including adding GeoIP headers, logging to third party services, redirects, routing and A/B testing, and edge caching techniques like shielding. It encourages exploration of more advanced solutions and provides resources for learning more about programming at the edge with Fastly.
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Altitude NY 2018: Programming the edge workshop
- 1. Fastly presents Programming the edge April 17, 2018 · Andrew Betts
- 3. NYC presents Your application Fastly as part of your app
- 6. NYC presents Geo-IP API at the Edge Redirects Decoding auth cookies at the edge Relative date insertion Overriding TTLs based on content-type Streaming server-sent-events RUM logging and aggregation Routing for microservices CORS OPTIONS preflights at the edge Serve robots.txt from the edge Serve stale on origin failure Getting creative at the edge Partial content 'Range' requests Time-limited URL tokens Image optimization Modern web security headers GZip compression at the edge Client public IP API at the edge Google Cloud storage / AWS S3 origin CAPTCHA challenge Logging to Google BigQuery Blocking obsolete TLS Replace origin errors with 'safe' responses
- 7. NYC presents Debugging today: headers Fastly-Debug-Path: Fastly-Debug-TTL: X-Cache: X-Cache-Hits: (D cache-iad2150-IAD 1523245558) (F cache-iad2120-IAD 1523245558) (D cache-lcy8132-LCY 1523245558) (F cache-lcy8149-LCY 1523245531) (M cache-iad2150-IAD - - 0) (H cache-lcy8132-LCY - - 27) HIT, MISS 1, 0
- 8. Washington, DC London iad2150 iad2120 MISS lcy8132 lcy8149 HIT! 27 sec old 1 previous hit
- 11. Fastly-Debug-Path: (D cache-iad2150-IAD 1523245558) (F cache-iad2120-IAD 1523245558) (D cache-lcy8132-LCY 1523245558) (F cache-lcy8149-LCY 1523245531) Fastly-Debug-TTL: (M cache-iad2150-IAD - - 0) (H cache-lcy8132-LCY - - 27)
- 12. NYC presents ● Everything you enter into fiddle is public ● Pushing new config usually <10s but occasionally longer if there’s a huge compilation job in the batch. ● Prefer that you use Chrome today, but should work in all modern browsers ● We suggest you do each fiddle in a different tab, so you still have them all to refer to at the end. ● Some instrumentation is asynchronously collected, please allow a few seconds for it all to arrive. ● Ask Fastly helpers if you get stuck
- 13. NYC presents Exercises Basics GeoIP headers RUM Logging Redirects Routing and AB testing Shielding
- 15. NYC presents ➔ Create a fiddle ➔ Set a fiddle title ➔ Configure a backend ➔ Execute the fiddle ➔ Understand the result ➔ Understand caching in fiddles ➔ Understand about fiddle insights fiddle/5f263e69 Basics 1
- 16. NYC presents Exercises Basics GeoIP headers RUM Logging Redirects Routing and AB testing Shielding
- 17. NYC presents Add extra data fiddle/7a6cbc28 GeoIP headers 2
- 18. NYC presents ➔ Create a fiddle ➔ Set a title ➔ Write VCL in RECV to add GeoIP data ➔ Learn about real time linting and autocompletion ➔ Run the fiddle ➔ Learn about header highlighting fiddle/7a6cbc28 GeoIP headers 2
- 19. NYC presents fiddle/7a6cbc28 RECV: set req.http.client-geo-continent = client.geo.continent_code; set req.http.client-geo-country = client.geo.country_code; set req.http.client-geo-city = client.geo.city; set req.http.client-geo-lat = client.geo.latitude; set req.http.client-geo-lng = client.geo.longitude; set req.http.edge-geo-datacenter = server.datacenter; GeoIP headers 2
- 20. NYC presents Exercises Basics GeoIP headers RUM Logging Redirects Routing and AB testing Shielding
- 21. NYC presents No origin request fiddle/b62fa9ee RUM Logging 3 Batch and write to log
- 22. NYC presents ➔ Create a fiddle ➔ Set a title ➔ Write RECV code to detect relevant requests and trigger error ➔ Write ERROR code to log the data ➔ Update the request URL to give it some data to log ➔ Run the fiddle ➔ Learn about real time log streaming and fiddle log capture ➔ For more info on RUM beacons see fastly.com/blog/beacon-termination-edge fiddle/b62fa9ee RUM Logging 3
- 23. NYC presents fiddle/b62fa9ee RECV: if (req.url ~ "^/log/?") { error 901; } RUM Logging 3
- 24. NYC presents fiddle/b62fa9ee ERROR: if (obj.status == 901) { set req.url = querystring.add(req.url, "city", client.geo.city); set req.url = querystring.add(req.url, "dc", server.datacenter); log "syslog " req.service_id " logger_name :: " req.url.qs; set obj.status = 204; set obj.response = "No content"; return (deliver) } RUM Logging 3
- 26. NYC presents Exercises Basics GeoIP headers RUM Logging Redirects Routing and AB testing Shielding
- 27. NYC presents fiddle/7fc13ab0 Redirects 4 Redirect response for old URLs Allow valid URLs to go to origin
- 28. NYC presents ➔ Create a fiddle ➔ Set a title ➔ Learn about edge dictionaries ➔ Write a dictionary in INIT ➔ Write RECV code to detect relevant requests and trigger error ➔ Write ERROR code to output a redirect response ➔ Update the request URL to one of the source paths ➔ Run the fiddle ➔ For a more complex solution try fiddle/36470bb6 fiddle/7fc13ab0 Redirects 4
- 29. NYC presents fiddle/7fc13ab0 INIT: table redirects { "/source1": "/dest1", "/source2": "/dest2" } Redirects 4
- 30. NYC presents fiddle/7fc13ab0 RECV: if (table.lookup(redirects, req.url)) { error 811; } Redirects 4
- 31. NYC presents fiddle/7fc13ab0 ERROR: if (obj.status == 811) { set obj.status = 301; set obj.http.Location = "https://" req.http.host table.lookup(redirects, req.url); set obj.response = "Moved permanently"; return (deliver); } Redirects 4
- 33. NYC presents Exercises Basics GeoIP headers RUM Logging Redirects Routing and AB testing Shielding
- 34. NYC presents fiddle/2df6df84 Routing and AB testing 5 Preflight request to check test is enabled A BRestart and send real request to A or B
- 35. NYC presents ➔ Create a fiddle and set a title ➔ Configure three backends - A, B, and preflight API ➔ Write RECV code to choose backend ➔ Write DELIVER code to restart after preflight request ➔ Learn about specifying backends in fiddle ➔ Learn about randomness functions ➔ Understand how fiddle displays restarts fiddle/2df6df84 Routing and AB testing 5
- 36. NYC presents fiddle/2df6df84 Request URL: / Routing and AB testing 5 Backends: https://programming-edge.glitch.me https://www.fastly.com https://www.example.com
- 37. NYC presents fiddle/2df6df84 RECV: if (req.http.Test-Status) { # TODO } else { set req.http.Orig-URL = req.url; set req.url = "/check"; set req.backend = F_origin_0; } Routing and AB testing 5
- 38. NYC presents fiddle/2df6df84 DELIVER: if (resp.http.Test-Status && req.restarts == 0) { set req.http.Test-Status = resp.http.Test-Status; set req.url = req.http.Orig-URL; unset req.http.Orig-URL; restart; } Routing and AB testing 5
- 39. NYC presents fiddle/2df6df84 RECV: if (req.http.Test-Status) { if (req.http.Test-Status == "ENABLED" && randombool(1,2)) { set req.backend = F_origin_2; log "syslog " req.service_id " logger :: Chose B experience"; } else { set req.backend = F_origin_1; log "syslog " req.service_id " logger :: Chose A experience"; } set req.http.Backend = req.backend; } else { set req.http.Orig-URL = req.url; set req.url = "/check"; set req.backend = F_origin_0; } Routing and AB testing 5
- 40. NYC presents fiddle/2df6df84 FETCH: set beresp.http.Vary = if (beresp.http.Vary, beresp.http.Vary ", ", "") "Backend"; Routing and AB testing 5
- 41. NYC presents fiddle/2df6df84 DELIVER: if (resp.http.Test-Status && req.restarts == 0) { set req.http.Test-Status = resp.http.Test-Status; set req.url = req.http.Orig-URL; unset req.http.Orig-URL; restart; } set resp.http.Vary = regsub(resp.http.Vary, "(,s+)?Backend", ""); Routing and AB testing 5
- 42. NYC presents ★ Add a Test-Status: ENABLED header to skip the preflight ★ See what happens when your preflight request hits cache fiddle/2df6df84 Routing and AB testing 5
- 43. NYC presents Exercises Basics GeoIP headers RUM Logging Redirects Routing and AB testing Shielding
- 45. NYC presents ➔ Create a fiddle and set a title ➔ Write RECV code to prevent caching at the edge ➔ Enable shielding and clustering ➔ Learn about shielding ➔ Run the fiddle twice ➔ Learn about targeting VCL at edge or shield POPs fiddle/32f9f345 Shielding 6
- 46. NYC presents fiddle/32f9f345 RECV: if (!req.http.Fastly-FF) { return(pass); } Shielding 6 OPTIONS: Clustering, Shielding
- 47. NYC presents ★ Try inverting the Fastly-FF test to move the pass to the Shield, instead of the Edge ★ Try doing hash_always_miss instead of pass fiddle/32f9f345 Shielding 6
- 49. NYC presents ● Explore more solutions at fastly.com/demos ● Try fiddle yourself at fiddle.fastlydemo.net ● Got something good? Let us know in community.fastly.com or email me: abetts@fastly.com. ● Remember all fiddle content is public Programming the edge