Integrating a control interface with a quantum processor as the number of qubits scales is a significant challenge. Here the authors report a cryogenic on-chip microwave pulse generator for superconducting qubits with high degree of controllability, negligible heat load, and a small footprint.

Sulfur allotropes are proposed to be an important sulfur reservoir in molecular clouds, but spectroscopic data to test this hypothesis are limited. Here the authors measure laboratory far-infrared spectra of cold isolated S₈ molecules, which show a near-perfect match with calculations, and examine their fragmentation pathways.

An unexpectedly strong pressure-resistance and wear-free feature of structural superlubricity is reported. The breakdown pressure beyond which wear is triggered can exceed material strengths, and is determined by structural and electronic effects.

The authors combine optical surface measurements and simulations to delve into the pH-dependent electrophoretic mobility of hexadecane nanodroplets in water and show the importance of going beyond classical continuum models for an accurate description.

Despite the progression of Actinium-225 (225Ac) radiopharmaceuticals, there is still a limited understanding of Ac coordination chemistry due to its radioactivity, poor availability, and lack of stable isotopes. Here, the authors demonstrate a platform to characterize the solution and solid-state behavior of the longest-lived Ac isotope, 227Ac.

New study shows forests with ectomycorrhizal strategies accumulate more carbon stocks than forests dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal or mixed mycorrhizal strategies in high-latitude.

Radiometrically dated speleothems are used to constrain the timing and duration of Marine Isotope Stage 11c. Early low-to-middle latitude warming in the North Atlantic led to an exceptionally developed interglacial despite weak insolation forcing.

Comprehensive modeling analysis reveals significant differences in the source contribution of PM_2.5-related mortality and CO₂ emissions in China, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to synergistic control.

Shen and colleagues demonstrate an improved design for community biogas production and distribution system to overcome common obstacles and achieve full co-benefits in developing economies.

The biogeochemical roles of the plastisphere regulating N cycling are elusive. This study reveals the plastisphere as an emerging nitrifying niche, featured by distinct shifts in nitrifiers and potential substrate exchanges compared to seawater.

Neural adaptation, crucial for sensory processing, is absent in conventional machine learning models of the visual system. Here the authors show that adding photoreceptor adaptation in these models better predicts retina responses under natural vision.

DNA methylation (DNAm) is a key biomarker of aging, with age-related DNAm changes being well-characterized. Here, the authors show that low-methylated regions (LMRs) bound by PRC2 in embryonic stem cells gain methylation with age in somatic cells, proposing the “PRC2-AgeIndex” as a universal biomarker of cellular aging.

New study shows forests with ectomycorrhizal strategies accumulate more carbon stocks than forests dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal or mixed mycorrhizal strategies in high-latitude.

Hookworm infection remains a threat to public health where economic factors restrict treatment and lack of effective vaccination have limited successful therapeutic control which results in reinfection in endemic areas. Here the authors use a controlled human hookworm infection model and use high dimensional single cell profiling to show that plasmacytoid dendritic cells and regulatory T cells profiles that resemble those seen during natural infections in endemic areas.

MsbA mediates the transport of lipopolysaccharide across the inner membrane. Here, the authors show specific MsbA-lipid interactions can tune the selectivity for binding ATP over ADP and present five structures of MsbA with one bound to lipid.

Hookworm infection remains a threat to public health where economic factors restrict treatment and lack of effective vaccination have limited successful therapeutic control which results in reinfection in endemic areas. Here the authors use a controlled human hookworm infection model and use high dimensional single cell profiling to show that plasmacytoid dendritic cells and regulatory T cells profiles that resemble those seen during natural infections in endemic areas.

Zoonotic disease systems comprise complex dynamics between multiple animal hosts, vectors, environmental and food sources, and humans. In this study, the authors characterise this ‘zoonotic web’ for the case study of Austria by performing network analyses of published zoonotic disease reports.

This preclinical study demonstrates the potential of a drug repurposing strategy using the coadministration of tamsulosin, metoprolol, and bromocriptine to provide a mutation-agnostic therapy for inherited retinal degeneration.

The genetic contributions of protein-coding variants to immune-mediated diseases (IMDs) have yet to be fully explored. Here, the authors conduct a large whole-exome association study, identifying 162 genes associated with 35 IMDs, including 124 that had not been previously reported.

Understanding how rewards can override our initial sensory judgments and influence decision-making is crucial. Here the authors show that the anterior cingulate cortex plays an important role in mediating reward biasing.

AI reduces building energy and emissions in design/construction, equipment, occupancy, and control/operation. By accelerating high-efficiency and net-zero buildings, AI could cut energy and emissions by 40-90% by 2050 combined with adequate policies.

Shen and colleagues demonstrate an improved design for community biogas production and distribution system to overcome common obstacles and achieve full co-benefits in developing economies.

This study proposes approaches to quantify battery carbon intensity and achieve zero-carbon batteries through multi-directional V2X(Vehicle-to-Everything) and battery circular economy in a community with energy paradigm shifting towards renewable and sustainability.

Regulators’ approach to electric scooters on sidewalks is inconsistent and conflicting worldwide. Maintaining a minimum projected time-to-collision as a near-miss metric provides a sufficient condition for pedestrian safety as well as improving pedestrian subjective perceived safety.

Future water scarcity is expected to increase up to fourfold in most parts of the Pearl Basin by 2050, driven by changes in both water quantity and quality. Water quality management options could cost-effectively half future water scarcity.