How do I get ē, Ð, and such in a Perpetua document?

Question

They have specified Perpetua (13pt), which is not ideal, but workable. However I have no idea how to go about diacritics more intricate than í.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontspec} % compile w/XeLaTeX
\setmainfont{Perpetua}
\usepackage[T1,noenc]{tipa}
\usepackage{tipx}
\usepackage{filecontents}

\usepackage[backend=biber,style=apa]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{main.bib} 

\begin{filecontents*}{main.bib}
    @article{fiketPromisesChallengesDeliberative2022,
        title = {Promises and {{Challenges}} of {{Deliberative}} and {{Participatory Innovations}} in {{Hybrid Regimes}}: {{The Case}} of {{Two Citizens}}’ {{Assemblies}} in {{Serbia}}},
        author = {Fiket, Irena and Đorđević, Biljana},
        date = {2022},
        journaltitle = {Filozofija i Društvo},
        volume = {33},
        number = {1},
        pages = {3--25},
        doi = {10.2298/FID2201003F},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.2298/FID2201003F},
        urldate = {2023-01-20}
    }

    @inbook{cesnulaityteKeyTrends2020,
        title = {Key {{Trends}}},
        booktitle = {Innovative {{Citizen Participation}} and {{New Democratic Institutions}}: {{Catching}} the {{Deliberative Wave}}},
        author = {Česnulaitytė, Ieva},
        date = {2020},
        edition = {first edition},
        pages = {67--79},
        publisher = {{OECD Publishing}},
        location = {{Paris, France}},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.1787/57c233e7-en},
        bookauthor = {{Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}},
        isbn = {978-92-64-72590-4},
        chapter = {3}
    }
\end{filecontents*}

\begin{document}
    d\textipa{\=e}ēmokratí\textipa{\=a}ā and deliberation \cite{fiketPromisesChallengesDeliberative2022,cesnulaityteKeyTrends2020}

    \printbibliography
\end{document}

References are synced with Zotero, but I don't think that matters a great deal. Any thoughts?

Answer 1

You don't. The Perpetua font provided by Microsoft Office applications lacks an awful lot of characters.

If you have just a few of them missing and don't try to use them in styles other than upright, here's a way to fake them.

\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@article{fiketPromisesChallengesDeliberative2022,
  title = {Promises and Challenges of Deliberative and Participatory Innovations in 
           Hybrid Regimes: The Case of Two Citizens’ Assemblies in {Serbia}},
  author = {Fiket, Irena and Đorđević, Biljana},
  date = {2022},
  journaltitle = {Filozofija i Društvo},
  volume = {33},
  number = {1},
  pages = {3--25},
  doi = {10.2298/FID2201003F},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2298/FID2201003F},
  urldate = {2023-01-20},
}

@inbook{cesnulaityteKeyTrends2020,
  title = {Key Trends},
  booktitle = {Innovative Citizen Participation and New Democratic Institutions: 
               Catching the Deliberative Wave},
  author = {Česnulaitytė, Ieva},
  bookauthor = {{Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}},
  date = {2020},
  edition = {first edition},
  pages = {67--79},
  publisher = {OECD Publishing},
  location = {Paris, France},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1787/57c233e7-en},
  isbn = {978-92-64-72590-4},
  chapter = {3},
}
\end{filecontents*}



\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec} % compile w/XeLaTeX
\usepackage[backend=biber,style=apa]{biblatex}
\usepackage{newunicodechar}

\setmainfont{Perpetua}[
  Path=/Applications/Microsoft Word.app/Contents/Resources/DFonts/,
  BoldFont=* Bold,
  ItalicFont=* Italic,
  BoldItalicFont=* Bold Italic,
]

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\providecommand*\UndeclareTextComposite[3]{%
  \expandafter\let\csname\expandafter\string\csname
  #2\endcsname\string#1-#3\endcsname\relax}

\UndeclareTextComposite{\=}{TU}{a}
\UndeclareTextComposite{\=}{TU}{e}
\UndeclareTextComposite{\v}{TU}{C}
\UndeclareTextComposite{\'}{TU}{c}
\UndeclareTextComposite{\.}{TU}{e}

\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\=}{TU}{a}{\fakebar{a}}
\newunicodechar{ā}{\=a}
\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\=}{TU}{e}{\fakebar{e}}
\newunicodechar{ē}{\=e}
\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\v}{TU}{C}{\accent"02C7 C}
\newunicodechar{Č}{\v{C}}
\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\'}{TU}{c}{\accent"B4 c}
\newunicodechar{ć}{\'c}
\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\.}{TU}{e}{\fakedotabove{e}}
\newunicodechar{ė}{\.e}

\DeclareRobustCommand{\fakebar}[1]{%
  \leavevmode\vbox{\offinterlineskip\ialign{\hfil##\hfil\cr\smash{-}\cr#1\cr}}%
}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\fakedotabove}[1]{%
  \leavevmode\vbox{\offinterlineskip\ialign{\hfil##\hfil\cr.\cr\noalign{\vskip0.25ex}#1\cr}}%
}
\makeatletter
\DeclareTextCommand{\DJ}{TU}{%
  \leavevmode\makebox[0pt][l]{\kern-0.02em\raisebox{0.3ex}[0pt][0pt]{-}}D%
}
\DeclareTextCommand{\dj}{TU}{%
  d\makebox[0pt][r]{\raisebox{0.85ex}[0pt][0pt]{-}\kern-0.04em}%
}
\makeatother
\newunicodechar{Đ}{\DJ}
\newunicodechar{đ}{\dj}

\begin{document}

dēmokratíā and deliberation 

\cite{fiketPromisesChallengesDeliberative2022,cesnulaityteKeyTrends2020}

\printbibliography

\end{document}

I removed almost all {{...}} parts in the bib file: they're wrong, except for one.