I encountered this issue on Chrome 33 (Windows 7). I tried all the suggested fixes on this page. Misery ensued. My rotation was pretty simple:
transform: rotate(40deg);
-moz-transform: rotate(40deg);
-webkit-transform: rotate(40deg);
I found this answer and after some quick experimentation I found that the following combination works perfectly in Chrome:
-webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
outline: 1px solid transparent;
I haven't tested cross browser yet. I have no idea which further bugs this introduces. You have been warned. Hope this points someone in the right direction.
Side note: During my experiments I found that -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
(on its own) removed the antialiasing from untransformed images.