Sometime in the 1960s I read a paperback SF novel with one or more Earthmen on the Moon. There was a nonhuman Moon civilization living underground. It may have been a dystopian society and water was very rare and precious.
And that is about all I remember. It was an old science fiction novel from about 1900 to 1950, but an author I don't remember but might have remembered as a well known early science fiction writer.
I am sure it wasn't the underground Moon civilization in H.G. Wells' The First Men in the Moon, nor the culture inside the hollow Moon in Edgar Rice Burroughs' The Moon Maid, nor the deep cavern Moon civilization in Otis Adelbert Klein's Maza of the Moon.