Aragorn did not have a choice, his fate was tied to that of Men.
One thing you seem to be misunderstanding is that because Arwen and her siblings were granted the choice, all the descendants of Elros must have been as well. This is however incorrect. The choice given to the children of Elrond was a special condition bestowed by the Valar. After Elros' decision, his children and descendants were tied to the fate of Man, although they were given a longer life than most.
But to the children of Elrond a choice was also appointed: to pass with him from the circles of the world; or if they remained, to become mortal and die in Middle-earth. For Elrond, therefore, all chances of the War of the Ring were
fraught with sorrow.
Elros chose to be of Man-kind and remain with the Edain; but a great
life-span was granted to him many times that of lesser men.
The Return of the King - Book 7, Appendix A: Annals of the Kings and Rulers, I - The Numenorean Kings, (i) - Numenor
Tuor's acceptance in the Eldar and his immortality
It must be remembered that Tuor is a very special case. Tuor was a troubled youth raised by the Elves of Mithrim, after spending a few years as an outlaw and a thrall, Tuor was chosen by the Vala Ulmo as his instrument. The Vala Ulmo guided Tuor to the shores of Belegaer, the first of the race of Men to do so, and from there on to Vinyamar and Gondolin. Tuor was sent by Ulmo to warn Turgon of the fate of Gondolin, that the Doom of Mandos was nearing fulfilment, and that he should flee. Although Turgon ignored the warning, Tuor remained in Gondolin and married Idril, Turgon's daughter. After the fall of Gondolin, Tuor and Idril fled to the Mouths of Sirion for a time before leaving for the west. Tuor's immortality was granted to him by divine intervention, given by Eru Iluvatar himself.
Immortality and Mortality being the special gifts of God to the Eruhini (in whose conception and creation the Valar had no part at all) it must be assumed that no alteration of their fundamental kind could be effected by the Valar even in one case: the cases of Lúthien (and Túor) and the position of their descendants was a direct act of God.
The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien - Letter 153: To Peter Hastings
In the same letter, Tolkien makes clear that such a choice was not granted to the descendants of Elros, and Aragorn therefore had no choice.
Elros chose to be a King and 'longaevus' but mortal, so all his descendants are mortal, and of a specially noble race, but with dwindling longevity: so Aragorn (who, however, has a greater life-span than his contemporaries, double, though not the original Númenórean treble, that of Men).
ibid.
This, however, does not mean that it was certain that Aragorn's fate would be tied to the fate of Men, although it was certainly very likely, the case for Tuor was only supposed to be unique, never having been confirmed to being unique:
...and 'it is supposed' (not stated) that he as an unique exception receives the Elvish limited 'immortality'...
ibid.