note: this is all based on the older "Legends" canon, so its validity in the new structure is questionable
There's really not a defined list of powers listed anywhere that all Knights possessed. As we see among Masters, and even more so among Knights, Force powers vary widely in both ability and strength. But Wookieepedia does have a brief segment detailing the more basic powers:
The Core powers were the first powers a Jedi learned, and directly affected his own body or objects without actually harming or benefiting anything (except for Push, which could be used against enemies).
These are listed as being: force speed, force cloak, force stealth/concealment, force sight, farseeing, force empathy, and telepathy. Jedi Padawans would have learned these long before passing their trials, and would have moved on to more specialized training.
As noted in The Jedi Path, young prospective Jedi were taught Form I, II, III, and IV of lightsaber combat. They would tend to specialize, however, and become better duelists in their form, possibly become known for their skills in a single form, like Obi-Wan's mastery of Form III (Soresu). Alternatively, they would learn one of the advanced techniques (Forms V, VI, or VII). However, though all Jedi were taught lightsaber combat, not all would become very skilled with the blade, many focusing their skills towards other areas.
So there are some "core skills" shared by all Jedi, but as Jedi varied between Guardians, Consulars, or Sentinels, doing vastly different works in the order, by the time a Jedi completed his trials his or her skills were already diverging and would do so more and more as a Jedi grew.
