Here is a list of wizard spells
This is covering the core rules (Players Handbook) only.
The first sublist contains spells that can damage or transform objects, counting those that set objects on fire as damaging.
You can see there's a pattern that mostly spells that deal fire, thunder or electricity damage can damage objects; plus there are a few that allow you to attack objects to damage them. You could interpret this more widely to include Animate Dead and have the undead attack the object, or Suggestion, and have the target attack the object, the list only covers spells more directly doing this.
Damaging Objects
- Cantrip: Fire Bolt
- Level 1: Burning Hands
- Level 1: Thunderwave
- Level 2: Acid Arrow
- Level 2: Flaming Sphere
- Level 2: Shatter
- Level 2: Scorching Ray
- Level 3: Fireball
- Level 3: Lightning Bolt
- Level 4: Control Water (objects in whirlpool)
- Level 4: Fabricate (borderline, transform raw material objects)
- Level 5: Animate Objects (by attacking, also take damage)
- Level 5: Bigby's Hand (by striking)
- Level 5: Telekinesis (by dropping)
- Level 6: Chain Lightning
- Level 6: Disintegrate
- Level 7: Delayed Blast Fireball
- Level 7: Fire Storm
- Level 7: Mordenkainen's Sword (by attacking)
- Level 7: Reverse Gravity (by falling)
- Level 9: Meteor Swarm
- Level 9: Storm of Vengeance
- Level 9: True Polymorph (transform)
- Level 9: Wish
This second sublist contains other spells that can target objects. It includes spells like Identify that require the caster to touch an object or like Locate Object that make him choose or describe one, without using the explicit wording of "target". It does not include spells such as Faery Fire that affect all objects in an area without damaging or targeting them.
Targeting Objects
- Light
- Mage Hand
- Mending
- Prestidigitation
- Identify
- Arcane Lock
- Continual Flame
- Darkness
- Enlarge/Reduce
- Heat Metal
- Knock
- Levitate
- Locate Object
- Magic Mouth
- Nystul's Magic Aura
- Daylight
- Dispel Magic
- Glyph of Warding
- Meld into Stone
- Nondetection
- Remove Curse
- Otiluke's Resilient Sphere
- Stone Shape (changing shape but not outright transforming)
- Legend Lore
- Drawmij's Instant Summons
- Sequester
- Symbol
- Teleport
- Antipathy/Sympathy