Sort of, within product lines, but not in any reliable way.
White Wolf released a variety of core games organized around a common setting and metaplot, along with splats to fill in more details for specific in-game groups, settings, and events. The release schedule was largely focused on releasing new games at intervals (such as Werewolf: the Apocalypse core rulebook being released after the Vampire: the Masquerade) which were intended to occupy the same game universe but allow different play experiences for different types of supernatural creatures.
This release schedule made for some awkwardness, as VtM already had some information on werewolves, ghosts, and other creatures (so that they could be used in a VtM game), which did not necessarily match up with material in WtA, WtO, and other games when they were released.
The Storyteller system itself also underwent a major revision between 1st edition and 2nd edition products, with much of the 1st edition material and rules becoming irrelevant. Some of the 1st edition rulebooks include references to Mind's Eye Theater (MET), and this is a good sign that you will have difficulty seamlessly combining that information with later-edition releases.
For rules, game mechanics, and lore, the most important division in White Wolf products is between the "old" World of Darkness (often abbreviated historically as oWoD) and the "new" World of Darkness (often abbreviated historically as nWoD). To deal with this confusing naming, the "new" World of Darkness product lines have been renamed to Chronicles of Darkness. There is little to no connection between these two product lines, though some fan conversion guides make it possible to port content from one to the other.
In general, you can assume intended continuity within a product line regardless of edition (with an uneven exception for 1st edition titles in the oWoD line, particularly for Vampire: the Masquerade). Many discrepancies still exist, but the intent was not a D&D style multiverse in which all settings sort of coexist at once.
The metaplot spans editions but doesn't provide great continuity
The old World of Darkness has a massive, overarching plot which spans all oWoD products alike. It is sprawling and difficult to document well. White Wolf also made minimal efforts to keep that information clearly sorted out or consistent, typically with an explanation that the World of Darkness setting is rife with misinformation and so it is very difficult to know what information is true or untrue.
So information which is explicitly contradicted by a later edition isn't necessarily out of date, untrue, overwritten, or retconned.
They're the same setting and core game system (a d10 game with common Abilities, Skills, Backgrounds, and so on). But it's like buying a jigsaw puzzle with pieces from multiple puzzles in the box and none of them complete-- it's one product, all marketed together intentionally, but it's going to be hard to make all the pieces fit together at once.