have had some comments below @AbdelAleem's answer, but were removed, so adding this answer to bold some aspects maybe hidden in other answers.
In Iranian culture the Iraq-Iran war was considered as a Humanity University, many even kids were so eager to take part and grow spiritually. Hussain Fahmideh was one pattern, he did what he did for the love of God, the prophet and his household PBUT, and Imam Khomeini. Finding Islam being substantiated in Imam Khomeini, he was submitted to him as much as trying his best to do whatever he think Imam will expect people to do so. He used to say his prayers even years before the age of 15 which is the age that acting along Islamic rules become obligatory for boys in Islam. The family were living in Karaj when a battle occured in Kurdistan. He went there but he was sent back due to his age, and his parents were asked to prevent him from doing so in future. There he said don't bother yourself I will be anywhere Imam wants soldiers there. After a while he was to buy some bread for his family, but instead he gave the money to a friend to buy bread for his family, for him to travel to Khusistan to take part in Iraq-Iran war, and that the friend to keep it secret for three days. There the commander refused to accept him as a soldier, but he begged him to keep him for only a week. He got injured in that single week, but then again returned to the battle-field. The commander (not sure if he was the same commander or not) refused to accept him again, and Hussain Fahmideh secretly penetrated to a front-end and brought back an Iraqi gun and cloth so to prove he is not a child and can take part in the war, and the commander then after accepted him as a soldier. When Khurramshahr was surrounded by Iraqi forces and they were continuously advancing toward the city, Hussain and his friend were there, and his friend was injured. The Iraqi tanks were close and he could do nothing to prevent them, so he took some grenades and went toward a tank. He was shot in leg but continued and exploded the tank. A single tank was exploded but a column of tanks stopped advancing and returned back out of fear. Hussain Fahmideh was aged only 13 when he was martyred. (source in Persian)
It was not only Hussain Fahmideh who took part such eagerly in the Iraq-Iran battle. Look for another example to Mehrdad Azizullahy, the 14 years Martyr, being interviewed (the interview in Persian). He says in this interview that soldiers coming back from the battle-field used to explain how human-making, sin-free, and full of opportunities to grow spiritually, was the battle-field, so that many were interested to experience the atmosphere and grow as better humans there, at the same time to defend Islam against the whole globe (in Iran people often consider the war not merely between Iran and Saddam Hussain, but between Iran and all the Western and Eastern countries who were supplying Saddam with all sorts of armors, weapons, crafts, while not even selling a simple Barbed wire to Iran. That Germany was giving Saddam Chemical Weapons and then accepting Iranian people who were confronted to Chemicals in battle-field to actually study the effectiveness of their own weapons is so famous among the Iranians. The situation was not so different from what now happens in Ukraine.) If you look at the interview you do not see a 14 years old child which appears to be, but he is an aged pious man in the body of a child. Many scholars have identified such children or youth (like Ibrahim Hadi who was perhaps a very good example in this regard, not to mention many young commanders all under 30 or 40, each being so pious and humble, at the same time they were so brave and ingenious) as their patterns, asking for prayer from them.
About how martyrdom has effects on Iranians, one can refer to what Imam Khomeini told about it.
ملتی که شهادت دارد اسارت ندارد ... translated into "A nation that has
martyrdom will never be captive"
یک همچو ملتی که آرزوی شهادت می کند، این ملت دیگر خوف ندارد ...
translated into "such a nation that longs for martyrdom, this nation
no longer has fear"
در بستر مردن، مردن است و چیزی نیست، لکن در راه خدا رفتن شهادت است و
سرفرازی و تحصیل شرافت برای انسان و برای انسان ها ... translated into
"Dying in the bed is dying and nothing more, but dying in the path of
God is martyrdom and pride and education of honor for himself and for
the human being"
مرگ سرخ به مراتب بهتر از زندگی سیاه است translated into "dying in red
is better than living in black"
هنر آن است که بی هیاهوهای سیاسی و خودنمایی های شیطانی ، برای خدا به
جهاد برخیزد؛ و خود را فدای هدف کند نه هوا؛ و این هنر مردان خداست.
translated into "It is the art of making Jihad for God without
political noises and evil displays. and sacrifice yourself to the
goal, not the desire; And this is the art of men of God."
هیچ هراسی به دلتان راه ندهید، که شما پیروزید _انشاءالله. چه کشته بشویم
و بکشیم حق با ماست.ما اگر کشته هم بشویم در راه حق کشته شدیم و پیروزی
است، و اگر بکشیم هم در راه حق است و پیروزی است. translated into "Do
not let any fear into your heart, that you will win - God willing.
Whether we kill or are killed, the Truth (God) is with us. If we are killed, we are killed in the path of truth and it is victory, and if we kill it is also in the path of truth and it is victory."
And this love for martyrdom makes people brave, they will not fear the enemies even if they are so much superior in military power and troops number, even not important if they have nuclear weapons, no matter how strong they are, the God is yet way stronger. This, in my opinion, is the lasting impact on the dynamics of the conflict not only on Iraq-Iran war, but on all recent conflicts between Iran or its proxies and the Westerners, and Israel.