I have read these questions:
Why do prisms work (why is refraction frequency dependent)?
Does a single white photon exist?
There are lasers that emit "supercontinuum" beams, in intense pulses. A pulse is very short, on the order of a femtosecond or less. One of the pulses, passed through a diffraction grating, fans out into an array of beams of different wavelength / frequency. Downstream, the beams can be recombined coherently to form a new pulse. This is an interferometer of sorts- a temporal interferometer. Now we need an experiment that produces a particular result if and only if (A) only one photon passes through the system at a time, and (b) the photon must have had multiple wavelengths.
Now based on these answers, there can exist a single photon which is in a superposition of frequencies, that we could call white.
There exist single photon Quantum Dot sources, and we might be able to produce a photon of that kind.
If we let that photon through a prism, the outcoming photon could either be a single photon still in a superposition, or the diffraction could actually separate (downconversion or multiple photon emission) the photon into separate photons with different wavelengths? Would we see at the detector a single photon of random wavelength, or all the photons that build the white color?
Question:
- Does diffraction (prism) conserve photon number?