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Why can we say here that $\Delta x_i=dx$ as $i$ approaches infinity?
In the proof of the arc length formula we assume that an element of the arc length is $$\Delta L_i=\sqrt{(\Delta x_i)^2+(\Delta y_i)^2}=\sqrt{1+\left(\frac{\Delta y_i}{\Delta x_i}\right)^2}\space \...