More generally, let $R$ be an infinite set, let $S$ be any set of less than $|R|$ finitary operations on $R$ of positive arity that are injective in each of their inputs when the other inputs are fixed, and let $Q\subset R$ be a subset of cardinality less than $R$. Then there exists $A\subseteq R$ of cardinality $|R|$ such that $f(x_1,\dots,x_n)\not\in Q$ for all $f\in S$ and all distinct $x_1,\dots,x_n\in A$. (In your case, $R=\mathbb{R}$, $S$ is the set containing the operations $f_n(x_1,\dots,x_n)=\sum_i x_i$ for each $n>0$, and $Q=\mathbb{Q}$.)
The proof is a simple transfinite recursion. Having chosen elements $(a_\beta)_{\beta<\alpha}$ for $\alpha<|R|$ which satisfy the required property for elements of $A$, we can always choose one more element $a_\alpha$ since there are at most $|S|\cdot|Q|\cdot|\alpha|<|R|$ elements of $R$ that would cause an element of $S$ to give an output in $Q$ when combined with some of the $a_{\beta}$ we have already chosen (here we use injectivity of elements of $S$ in each input). So we can iterate this and obtain a sequence $(a_\beta)_{\beta<|R|}$ which gives the desired set $A$ of cardinality $|R|$.
(Strictly speaking, the bound $|S|\cdot|Q|\cdot|\alpha|$ is only correct when one of these cardinals is infinite. When they are all finite, though, there are still only finitely many elements of $R$ that we can't choose as $a_\alpha$ so we are fine since $R$ is infinite.)