1
$\begingroup$

I read that there are only two semidirect products $(\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2) \rtimes\Bbb Z_2$ whose presentations are given by \begin{align} (\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2) \rtimes\Bbb Z_2 : \langle a, b, c ~|~ a^4 = b^2 = c^2 = e, c^{-1} a c = a^3 b, c^{-1} b c = b \rangle, \\ (\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2) \rtimes\Bbb Z_2 : \langle a, b, c ~|~ a^4 = b^2 = c^2 = e, c^{-1} a c = a, c^{-1} b c = a^2 b \rangle. \end{align}

However, I suspect that there are more than two possibilities to construct that.

Since the action of semidirect product is an automorphism, we can say the image of a generator under the automorphism is again a generator.

In this case, $\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2$ is rank two and I found that there are at least four pairs of generators as $(ab, a^3), (ab, a), (a^3 b, a), (a^3 b, a^3)$. Note that this $(*, \star)$ does not mean an element of $\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2$ (just a pair of generators).

Let me consider the image of $(ab, a^3)$. If we denote the automorphism as $\phi$ of $(\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2) \rtimes_\phi \Bbb Z_2$, I think there are eight possibilities: \begin{align} (\phi(ab), \phi(a^3)) = (ab, a^3), (a^3, ab), (a^3b, a), (a, a^3b), (ab, a), (a, ab), (a^3b, a^3), (a^3, a^3b). \end{align} Then $\phi$ maps $a, b$ to \begin{align} (\phi(a), \phi(b)) = (a, b), (a^3b, b), (a^3, b), (ab, b), (a^3b, a^2b), (a, a^2 b), (ab, a^2 b), \end{align} respectively.

Although changing the image to its inverse (e.g. $(\phi(a), \phi(b)) = (a, b) \rightarrow (a^3, b)$) gives the same group structure, there still remain four possibilities of the mapping. Hence I think we can construct semidirect products \begin{align} (\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2) \rtimes\Bbb Z_2 : \langle a, b, c ~|~ a^4 = b^2 = c^2 = e, c^{-1} a c = a, c^{-1} b c = b \rangle, \\ (\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2) \rtimes\Bbb Z_2 : \langle a, b, c ~|~ a^4 = b^2 = c^2 = e, c^{-1} a c = a^3 b, c^{-1} b c = a^2 b \rangle, \end{align} in addition to the above two semidirect products.

Is this discussion incorrect?

I also read elements of order 4 in $(\Bbb Z_4 \times\Bbb Z_2)$ are only $a$ and $a^3 b$, but I think $ab$ and $a^3$ are also of order 4. If my understanding here is incorrect, I guess this leads the above two extra possibilities.

$\endgroup$
2
  • 1
    $\begingroup$ I have not read your post carefully, but you have certainly missed out the direct product from your list of semidirect products at the beginning. $\endgroup$
    – Derek Holt
    Commented Jun 11, 2021 at 9:47
  • $\begingroup$ Yes, exactly. My book should be wrong. $\endgroup$
    – Keyflux
    Commented Jun 12, 2021 at 4:12

1 Answer 1

5
$\begingroup$

(A) In $\Bbb Z_4\times\Bbb Z_2$, there are "exactly two copies of $\Bbb Z_4$", namely $\langle a\rangle$ and $\langle ab\rangle$. So $\Bbb Z_2=\langle c\rangle$ should switch them, or normalize both.

(B) If it is switching, then, the first presentations seems to be the only possible group in semidirect product.

(C) Suppose it is normalizing both copies of $\Bbb Z_4$.

(C1) If it trivially normalizes both copies of $\Bbb Z_4$, then $G$ will be abelian.

(C2) If it acts non-trivially on only one copy of $\Bbb Z_4$, then you can check that it is second group in your list.

(C3) If it acts non-trivially on both copies of $\Bbb Z_4$, ($c^{-1}ac=a^{-1}$ and $c^{-1}bc=a^2b$), then I think, you should get a group different from these two.

$\endgroup$
2
  • 2
    $\begingroup$ Yes I agree. So up to group isomorphism there is a total of four semidirect products of this form, including the direct product. $\endgroup$
    – Derek Holt
    Commented Jun 11, 2021 at 11:29
  • 1
    $\begingroup$ Very helpful! I have not considered this result in terms of normalizer. Thank you. $\endgroup$
    – Keyflux
    Commented Jun 16, 2021 at 1:43

You must log in to answer this question.

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged .