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    On the bonus points, antiquity refers to anything in the distant past, but Classical antiquity refers to the cultures of Ancient Greece, Rome, and related areas. So Chinese antiquity would not be considered "Classical". Meanwhile Classical does not refer to age but to a certain aesthetic considered to be a characteristic of Ancient Greece, Rome, etc.
    – RDBury
    Commented Jan 19 at 15:01
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    It's mostly guesswork, so just a comment, but there's a distinction between "formale Bildung" and "reale Bildung". Sometimes, the distinction is between "humanistische Bildung" and "reale Bildung". The Wikipedia article on 'Realschule' explains that "reale Bildung" referred to education about "real things", education that was considered "useful". I'd reckon that an "Realenzyklopädie" followed similar principles, to teach only what was considered "necessary". It's beyond my expertise to dive deeper into this, but maybe somebody can continue from here.
    – Henning Kockerbeck
    Commented Jan 19 at 15:24
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    Perhaps relevant: »reell« vs. »real«
    – RDBury
    Commented Jan 19 at 16:12
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    Related: german.stackexchange.com/questions/67227/…
    – Carsten S
    Commented Jan 19 at 16:20
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    @lly Say hello to the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde ;-) (Truth be told, it is newer and its title may be inspired by the Pauly.)
    – Sebastian Koppehel
    Commented Jan 21 at 21:45