The Latin "corpus callosum" is also the common English name for a bundle of nerve fibers that connect the hemispheres of the cerebrum. Should the plural be the odd-sounding "corpa callosa" or the clumsy "corpus callosums"?
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In English, it is the latter. To confirm or refute that assertion, you may wish to search corpora of relevant medical journals and compare usage of both terms.– Dan BronCommented Mar 29, 2015 at 19:14
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6The Latin plural is corpora callosa.– AnonymCommented Mar 29, 2015 at 19:17
2 Answers
You almost had it right: it should be several corpora callosa in Latin. If you are transplanting the whole thing into English without naturalizing it as in this case indeed applies, then just leave it like that.
The Latin -a plural is for neuters, not just ones like callosum > callosa and datum > data in the second declension but also neuters in other declensions, like nomen > nomina and carmen > carmina in the third or cornu > cornua in the fourth.
But corpus although neuter is not in the second declension, so it does not become “corpa”.
Rather, it is in the third-declension where the neuter corpus/-oris is to be found, and so its plural is corpora — even in (scholarly) English use.
Some people do say corpuses in English, which is perfectly normal and fine, but if you are going to use the full Latin phrase as you are doing here, you can’t cut corners by using English inflections in one place and Latin ones in another.
Other third-declension neuters you might recognize include:
- opus > opera
- genus > genera
- tempus > tempora
We don’t use tempora much in English, but it did gave us our adjective temporal. So you can find vestiges of the third declension showing up in derived forms in English, like in English general and corporal.
Other examples of third-declension nouns giving us adjectives include pectus/-oris which gave us English pectoral and also Venus/-eris which gave us English venereal.
(Not that Venus is neuter; she is of course feminine. But she is third declension.)
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Your inclusion of opus/opera urges me to say that the plural of magnum opus is magna opera - just in case anyone might be wondering.– AnonymCommented Mar 30, 2015 at 5:18
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1Is collosum/-a, rather than callosum/-a intentional? (And if so, why?) Commented Mar 30, 2015 at 7:45