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Zalantun

Coordinates: 48°01′37″N 122°42′29″E / 48.027°N 122.708°E / 48.027; 122.708
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Zalantun
扎兰屯市ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
Cha-lan-t'un
Nickname: 
塞北小江南 (Little Jiangnan of Saibei/Jiangnan beyond the Great Wall)
Zalantun in Hulunbuir
Zalantun in Hulunbuir
Zalantun is located in Inner Mongolia
Zalantun
Zalantun
Location in Inner Mongolia
Zalantun is located in China
Zalantun
Zalantun
Zalantun (China)
Coordinates: 48°01′37″N 122°42′29″E / 48.027°N 122.708°E / 48.027; 122.708
CountryChina
Autonomous regionInner Mongolia
Prefecture-level cityHulunbuir
Municipal seatXinghua Subdistrict
Area
 • County-level city16,800.0 km2 (6,486.5 sq mi)
 • Urban
385.00 km2 (148.65 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)[2]
 • County-level city318,933
 • Density19/km2 (49/sq mi)
 • Urban134,400
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
162650
Area code0470
Websitewww.zhalantun.gov.cn
Zalantun
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese扎蘭屯
Simplified Chinese扎兰屯
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhālántún
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicЖалан-Айл хот
Mongolian scriptᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
Transcriptions
SASM/GNCJalan Ayil qota

Zalantun (Manchu J̌alan Ai"l or Jalan Tun) or Zhalantun (Chinese: 扎兰屯; Mongolian: ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ), is a city and administrative division of Hulunbuir Prefecture-level city, Inner Mongolia, China. It is in the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia, in the southeastern foothills of the Greater Khingan mountains, bordering Heilongjiang province to the east. It is an area which has a number of forests and streams, as well as the Yalu River, not to be confused with the Yalu River on the Sino-Korean border. It is known for its hunting and fishing.[citation needed]

History

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Map including Zalantun (labeled as 雅魯(扎蘭屯) Ya-lu (Cha-lan-t'un) (AMS, 1951)

Zalantun was formerly known as Butha (布特哈; Bùtèhā), and the city was made into an administrative centre in the Kangxi era. In 1929, Buteha was renamed as Yalu county (雅鲁县; Yǎlǔ Xiàn) because the Yalu River runs through it, but in 1933 it became the Zalantun Banner (扎兰屯旗; Zhālántún Qí). In 1983, Zalantun ceased to be a banner and became a part of Hulunbuir, remaining so today.

Administrative divisions

[edit]

Zalantun is made up of 7 subdistricts, 8 towns, 1 township, and 3 ethnic townships.

Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Mongolian (Hudum Script) Mongolian (Cyrillic) Administrative division code
Subdistricts
Xinghua Subdistrict 兴华街道 Xīnghuá Jiēdào ᠰᠢᠩ ᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Шин ухаа зээл гудамж 150783001
Zhengyang Subdistrict 正阳街道 Zhèngyáng Jiēdào ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Жен ян зээл гудамж 150783002
Fanrong Subdistrict 繁荣街道 Fánróng Jiēdào ᠹᠠᠨ ᠷᠦᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Фан рун зээл гудамж 150783003
Xiangyang Subdistrict 向阳街道 Xiàngyáng Jiēdào ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Шиян ян зээл гудамж 150783004
Gaotaizi Subdistrict 高台子街道 Gāotáizi Jiēdào ᠭᠣᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠽᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Гуутай зи зээл гудамж 150783005
Tiedong Subdistrict 铁东街道 Tiědōng Jiēdào ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Дамар замын зүүндэх зээл гудамж 150783006
Hexi Subdistrict 河西街道 Héxī Jiēdào ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ Голын баруунтах зээл гудамж 150783007
Towns
Moguqi Town 蘑菇气镇 Mógūqì Zhèn ᠮᠦᠬᠦᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Мөөч балгас 150783100
Woniuhe Town 卧牛河镇 Wòniúhé Zhèn ᠸᠧ ᠨᠢᠦ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Ве нүү ге балгас 150783102
Genghis Khan Town 成吉思汗镇 Chéngjísīhán Zhèn ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Чингис хан балгас 150783103
Dahewan Town 大河湾镇 Dàhéwān Zhèn ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠾᠧ ᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Да ге ван балгас 150783104
Haoraoshan Town 浩饶山镇 Hàoráoshān Zhèn ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Хороо уул балгас 150783105
Chaihe Town 柴河镇 Cháihé Zhèn ᠴᠠᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Цай ге балгас 150783106
Zhonghe Town 中和镇 Zhōnghé Zhèn ᠵᠦᠩ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Жүн ге балгас 150783107
Haduohe Town
(Had Gol Town)
哈多河镇 Hāduōhé Zhèn ᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ Хад гол балгас 150783108
Township
Wadi Township 洼堤乡 Wādī Xiāng ᠸᠠᠲ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Вади шиян 150783203
Ethnic townships
Daur Ethnic Township 达斡尔民族乡 Dáwò'ěr Mínzúxiāng ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Дагуур үндэстэний шиян 150783200
Oroqen Ethnic Township 鄂伦春民族乡 Èlúnchūn Mínzúxiāng ᠣᠷᠴᠣᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Орцон үндэстэний шиян 150783201
Samagir Evenk Ethnic Township 萨马街鄂温克民族乡 Sàmǎjiē Èwēnkè Mínzúxiāng ᠰᠠ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠡᠸᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ Саа ма жье эвэнк үндэстэний шиян 150783202

Climate

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Zalantun has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa/Dwb), with long frigid winters, very warm summers, and short transitional seasons. The monthly mean temperature ranges from −16.5 °C (2.3 °F) in January to 21.7 °C (71.1 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 3.65 °C (38.6 °F). Typifying the influence of the East Asian Monsoon, on average, a majority of the annual 501 millimetres (19.7 in) of precipitation falls in July and August alone.

Climate data for Zhalantun, elevation 307 m (1,007 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 4.3
(39.7)
11.7
(53.1)
22.1
(71.8)
30.7
(87.3)
38.0
(100.4)
40.2
(104.4)
40.1
(104.2)
35.2
(95.4)
35.5
(95.9)
29.7
(85.5)
17.0
(62.6)
5.9
(42.6)
40.2
(104.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −10.6
(12.9)
−5.3
(22.5)
2.9
(37.2)
13.1
(55.6)
21.2
(70.2)
26.1
(79.0)
27.9
(82.2)
25.9
(78.6)
20.4
(68.7)
11.2
(52.2)
−1.3
(29.7)
−10.0
(14.0)
10.1
(50.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −16.3
(2.7)
−11.9
(10.6)
−3.7
(25.3)
6.3
(43.3)
14.3
(57.7)
19.8
(67.6)
22.3
(72.1)
20.0
(68.0)
13.4
(56.1)
4.4
(39.9)
−7.1
(19.2)
−15.2
(4.6)
3.9
(38.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −20.6
(−5.1)
−17.0
(1.4)
−9.4
(15.1)
−0.3
(31.5)
7.5
(45.5)
14.1
(57.4)
17.5
(63.5)
15.4
(59.7)
7.9
(46.2)
−1.2
(29.8)
−11.8
(10.8)
−19.4
(−2.9)
−1.4
(29.4)
Record low °C (°F) −34.7
(−30.5)
−34.5
(−30.1)
−26.7
(−16.1)
−14.2
(6.4)
−6.3
(20.7)
2.8
(37.0)
8.0
(46.4)
1.6
(34.9)
−5.7
(21.7)
−15.9
(3.4)
−25.3
(−13.5)
−34.5
(−30.1)
−34.7
(−30.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 1.7
(0.07)
2.9
(0.11)
5.7
(0.22)
22.5
(0.89)
40.3
(1.59)
100.9
(3.97)
152.9
(6.02)
132.0
(5.20)
48.0
(1.89)
18.5
(0.73)
5.7
(0.22)
5.2
(0.20)
536.3
(21.11)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 3.1 2.5 3.8 5.8 9.0 13.8 15.1 12.9 8.9 4.7 3.4 5.2 88.2
Average snowy days 5.8 4.4 5.8 3.9 0.3 0 0 0 0.1 2.6 5.5 7.9 36.3
Average relative humidity (%) 56 50 42 39 43 60 69 71 62 52 55 60 55
Mean monthly sunshine hours 188.2 216.8 269.8 264.2 275.3 247.3 239.1 239.9 239.7 228.0 176.2 158.4 2,742.9
Percent possible sunshine 68 74 73 64 58 52 50 55 64 69 64 61 63
Source: China Meteorological Administration[3][4]</ref> Weather China[5]

Economy

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Zalantun's economy is based primarily on tourism and agriculture, livestock and forestry. The Harbin-Manzhouli Railway traverses the district. It is rich in food grains, particularly wheat, soy and corn, as well as cattle, sheep, horse and other livestock. It has an industrial base in paper production, candy production, and wool. It has an annual average temperature of 2 °C and an average annual precipitation of 480mm. The northwest portion of the district consists of natural forests in the Greater Khingan mountains.

Transport

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Zhalantun Chengjisihan Airport was opened in December 2016.[6]

References

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  1. ^ a b Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 46. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  2. ^ Inner Mongolia: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
  3. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  4. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  5. ^ "扎兰屯 - 气象数据 -中国天气网".
  6. ^ 内蒙古扎兰屯成吉思汗机场投入使用. Civil Aviation Administration of China (in Simplified Chinese). 28 December 2016.