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1981 South Korean legislative election

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1981 South Korean legislative election

← 1978 25 March 1981 1985 →

All 276 seats in the National Assembly
139 seats needed for a majority
Turnout77.74% (Increase 0.66pp)
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Chun Doo-hwan Yu Chi-song
Party Democratic Justice Democratic Korea
Seats won 151 81
Popular vote 5,776,624 3,495,829
Percentage 35.64% 21.57%

  Third party Fourth party
 
Leader Kim Jong-cheol
Party National Civil Rights
Seats won 25 2
Popular vote 2,147,293 1,088,847
Percentage 13.25% 6.72%

Speaker before election

Dissolution of parliament

Elected Speaker

Chung Rae-hyuk
Democratic Justice

Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 25 March 1981.[1]

The result was a victory for the Democratic Justice Party, which won 151 of the 276 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 77.7%.

The election was held under the influence of Coup d'état of 1979 and 1980. Major opposition political figures like Kim Young-sam were barred from running. Kim Dae-jung was arrested on May 17, 1980, and was sentenced to death on a of "inciting rebellion". Even the Democratic Republican Party of the late president Park Chung-hee was forcibly dissolved, and major figures like Kim Jong-pil was barred from running.

The election, while ostensibly a multi-party election, is widely considered to have been a fraudulent one, with supposed "opposition" politicians being heavily vetted by the Agency for National Security Planning and the South Korean Army Security Command.

Electoral system

[edit]

The new electoral system for the National Assembly abolished the president's power to appoint one-third of the chamber's members. Of the 276 seats, 184 were elected in two-member constituencies via single non-transferable vote, while the remainder were allocated via proportional representation at the national level among parties that won five or more seats in constituencies. Two-thirds of those seats would be awarded to the top party (which was then eliminated from further consideration for national seats), with the remainder allocated based on vote share.

Results

[edit]
2
2
81
1
1
25
151
2
11
PartyVotes%Seats
FPTPPRTotal+/–
Democratic Justice Party5,776,62435.649061151New
Democratic Korea Party3,495,82921.57572481New
Korean National Party2,147,29313.2518725New
Civil Rights Party [ko]1,088,8476.72202New
New Politics Party [ko]676,9214.18202New
Democratic Socialist Party [ko]524,3613.24202New
Democratic Farmer's Party [ko]227,7151.41101New
Peaceful People Party [ko]144,0000.89101New
Socialist Party122,7780.76000New
Korea Christian Democratic Party103,8930.64000New
Unification National Group Party87,9770.54000New
Won-il Democratic Founding Party76,8630.47000New
Independents1,734,22410.7011011–11
Total16,207,325100.0018492276+45
Valid votes16,207,32598.84
Invalid/blank votes190,5201.16
Total votes16,397,845100.00
Registered voters/turnout21,094,46877.74
Source: Nohlen et al.

By city/province

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Region Total
seats
Seats won
DJP DKP KNP CRP NPP DSP DFP PPP Ind.
Seoul 28 14 11 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
Busan 12 6 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Gyeonggi 24 12 10 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Gangwon 12 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Chungcheong 8 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 1
South Chungcheong 16 8 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 1
North Jeolla 14 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Jeolla 22 10 9 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
North Gyeongsang 26 13 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 3
South Gyeongsang 20 10 5 3 1 0 1 1 0 3
Jeju 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Constituency total 184 90 57 18 2 2 2 1 1 11
PR list 92 61 24 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 276 151 81 25 2 2 2 1 1 11

References

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  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p420 ISBN 0-19-924959-8