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1 vote
1 answer
124 views

How does the following cyclization reaction work?

The following is a reaction from a school provided lab manual. However, I am unable to find anything similar to the cyclization reaction taking place. All of the reactions I have found online make use ...
Marethyu's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
151 views

Removing DCC and its by-product from Steglich Esterfication

In my small research, I want to synthesize 3 alkyl gallates (ethyl gallate, butyl gallate, and hexyl gallate), and here's my overall reaction using Steglich esterification): However, from reading ...
Jonathan's user avatar
  • 155
0 votes
0 answers
78 views

Steglich Esterification in Alkyl Gallates

Based on my research (reading some articles), some alkyl gallate syntheses used Steglich esterification instead of the usual esterification (Fischer esterification). The reason why Steglich ...
Jonathan's user avatar
  • 155
3 votes
0 answers
88 views

How does the synthesis of [18]annulene proceed stepwise?

Finding good literature on the synthesis of [18]annulene is challenging, as most sources are well old and quite archaic, so I was hoping some explanation in regard to the mechanism of synthesis. My ...
Evamentality's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
517 views

Dimerization of aniline to biphenyl

I've been looking for ways to synthesize biphenyl - $\ce{(C6H5)2}$. The Ullmann coupling is inaccessible, as bromobenzene is inaccessible in my country due to the manufacture of PCP. I had the idea to ...
user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
276 views

Substitution in aryl halides

I need to propose a route for the synthesis of 2-(bromomethyl)benzonitrile from 1-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)benzene. In the attached figure, the structure of the starting compound and the species to be ...
Carlos's user avatar
  • 607
2 votes
0 answers
65 views

Synthesis of allylic ether, starting with phenalene

I stumbled across a retro-synthesis question, for which I don't know the exact answer; I prepared two synthesis ways, but I don't know if they could be realized in a lab. The question is the following:...
user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
89 views

Side-chain Oxidation vs Oxidative Cleavage

When the above compound is subjected to acidified $\ce{KMnO4}$, can both side chain oxidation and oxidative cleavage of $\ce{C=C}$ bond occur? Or will one have priority over the other?
john's user avatar
  • 242
7 votes
2 answers
2k views

Why doesn't aromatic substitution add at multiple positions in one reaction?

When you do aromatic substitutions, you usually see the major products with one substituent added. My question is why can't you add multiple substituents in one reaction? For example, the image below ...
M.L's user avatar
  • 2,037
8 votes
0 answers
91 views

Mechanism of Hypervalent Iodine Phenolic Coupling

I need some help understanding the hypervalent iodine phenolic coupling reaction taking place in this synthesis of morphine, the reaction uses $\ce{PhI(OAc)2}$ as the hypervalent reagent and ...
FriendlyGlove's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
225 views

How can I synthesize 2‐amino‐3‐(chlorosulfonyl)benzoic acid from toluene or benzene?

I am trying to design a proper synthesis route for 2‐amino‐3‐(chlorosulfonyl)benzoic acid, though methyl 2‐amino‐3‐(chlorosulfonyl)benzoate—using an ester group in lieu of a carboxylic acid—would also ...
Boniface Burton's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
296 views

Converting bromobenzene to 1‐bromo‐3‐methylbenzene

I started by taking $\ce{FeCl3}$ to reduce electron-giving capacity of $\ce{Br}.$ Then we need a methyl at meta, so I thought about Friedel–Crafts acylation, but then also methyl will come at para.
Rover's user avatar
  • 511
3 votes
1 answer
622 views

Synthesizing 2-bromoaniline from bromobenzene

I am trying to synthesize 2-bromoaniline from bromobenzene. I came up with a reaction path, but I want your thoughts on whether this is feasible and can produce a decent yield. Sulfonation of ...
A M's user avatar
  • 49
3 votes
2 answers
634 views

Synthesis of Pyrene from Benzene

I know of this ring expansion reaction that can fuse a benzene ring with another benzene ring: Performing this reaction twice gives us phenanthrene How would one go about synthesizing pyrene from ...
Aniruddha Deb's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
195 views

Laboratory and commercial preparations of aniline other than reduction of nitroarenes [closed]

Till now I could only find one laboratory preparation of aniline, i.e. reducing nitrobenzene with $\ce{Sn}$ and concentrated $\ce{HCl}$. I'm confused if Hofmann degradation is only commercial. I'd ...
Aksh Sarma's user avatar

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