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1 vote
3 answers
994 views

Why does equilibrium of ice and water only exist at 273K at normal pressure?

I am a high school student and I am a little confused in the concept of spontaneity of a reaction and how equilibrium works for a reaction, I got some confusions: Let's take example of freezing of ...
Arun Bhardwaj's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
109 views

Why does Raoult's Law have a weighted sum instead of a direct sum?

I'm fully aware of the various questions asked about Raoult's Law, and I'm asking this after having gone through all of them and not finding a suitable answer to my question. I have studied, that at a ...
Umesh Konduru's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
557 views

Vapour Pressure of A Solution

I study in class 12, and have a doubt in vapour pressure that my school teacher and my friends are not able to clarify. My doubt is the reason why the partial vapour pressure of each individual ...
Arun's user avatar
  • 19
6 votes
1 answer
731 views

If volatility depends on intermolecular forces, then why in Raoult's law, two substances have different volatility?

I have a doubt, Ideal solutions are solutions where intermolecular forces between solute-solute and solvent-solvent are nearly equal to solute-solvent. Since intermolecular forces between A-A = B-B, ...
R. Anusha's user avatar
  • 181
4 votes
3 answers
1k views

Dynamic equilibrium in unsaturated solutions

One standard definition of equilibrium in beginner chemistry is that for a reversible reaction, (dynamic) equilibrium has been achieved when the rate of the forward and backward reactions are equal. ...
Zac's user avatar
  • 143
10 votes
2 answers
1k views

Apparent contradiction in the type of deviation of an ethanol-water mixture

For a mixture of $\ce{EtOH}$ and $\ce{H2O}$: $\Delta H_{\text{mix}} < 0$ (exothermic) and $\Delta V_{\text{mix}} < 0$ (volume contraction). This means that the unlike interactions are stronger ...
Renganathan Subramanian's user avatar
4 votes
3 answers
817 views

Finding equilibrium concentrations in solution from initial reagent concentrations and equilibrium constant

We have the following reaction: $$\ce{A + B<=>2C +D}$$ The initial concentration of $\ce{A}$ and $\ce{B}$ are $\pu{1M}$ each. $K_c$ is $\pu{1.0E8}$. Find the equilibrium concentration of $\ce{A}$...
Abhishek Mhatre's user avatar
7 votes
4 answers
2k views

Gibbs Free Energy of Solutes and Solutions

Using the equation $$\ce{CaSO4 (s) <=> Ca^2+ (aq) + SO4^2- (aq)},$$ and $\Delta H/\Delta S$ values, calculate $\Delta G$ at $50~^\circ\mathrm{C}$ when the solution is saturated with $\ce{Ca^2+}$ ...
user15480's user avatar