As a supplement to Ben Norris's answer, I thought I'd add the following:
When you use a basis to construct an orbital, your original basis functions can already be represented as linear combinations of your whole set:
$\chi(x,y,z,s)=\chi(\mathbf{x})= c_1\varphi_1 + c_2\varphi_2+c_3\varphi_3\dots \\
\varphi_1 = 1\varphi_1 + 0\varphi_2 + 0 \varphi_3\dots$
(where $\chi$ is an MO and $\varphi$ is a basis function)
So, altering the coefficients or linearly combining MOs doesn't increase the complexity of your result:
$\chi_a + \chi_b = (c_{a,1} + c_{b,1})\varphi_1 + (c_{a,2}+c_{b,2})\varphi_2 + (c_{a,3}+c_{b,3})\varphi_3\dots$
When you construct a wave function from basis functions, the usual method is to use a Slater determinant - the determinant of a matrix as follows:
$\Phi(\mathbf{x}_1,\mathbf{x}_2,\dots\mathbf{x}_N) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{N!}}\left|
\begin{matrix} \chi_1(\mathbf{x}_1) & \chi_2(\mathbf{x}_1) & \cdots & \chi_N(\mathbf{x}_1) \\
\chi_1(\mathbf{x}_2) & \chi_2(\mathbf{x}_2) & \cdots & \chi_N(\mathbf{x}_2) \\
\vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
\chi_1(\mathbf{x}_N) & \chi_2(\mathbf{x}_N) & \cdots & \chi_N(\mathbf{x}_N)
\end{matrix} \right|$
(from the Wikipedia article)
This gives you an expression involving products of your MOs rather than just linear sums, increasing the complexity. This is kind of awkward looking for the n-function case, so instead, for a 3 MO case:
$\Phi(\mathbf{x}_1,\mathbf{x}_2,\mathbf{x}_3) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3!}} ( -\chi_3(\mathbf{x}_1)\chi_{2}(\mathbf{x}_2)\chi_1(\mathbf{x}_3) + \chi_2(\mathbf{x}_1)\chi_{3}(\mathbf{x}_2)\chi_3(\mathbf{x}_1) + \chi_3(\mathbf{x}_1)\chi_{1}(\mathbf{x}_2)\chi_2(\mathbf{x}_3) + \chi_1(\mathbf{x}_1)\chi_{1}(\mathbf{x}_2)\chi_3(\mathbf{x}_3) + \chi_2(\mathbf{x}_1)\chi_{1}(\mathbf{x}_2)\chi_3(\mathbf{x}_3) ) $
Then, just as you can use AOs to build MOs, you can either use that alone as your wave function, or you can use linear combinations of them to obtain a multiconfigurational wave function - the MCSCF methods mentioned in jjj's answer:
$\Psi = c_1\Phi_1 + c_2\Phi_2 + c_3\Phi_3 \dots$
I'm not sure if this is the sort of thing you were looking for.