I’m doing an electrochemistry lab that requires me to construct various galvanic cells in an attempt to solve for $\Delta H$, $\Delta G$, and $\Delta S$ values of an unknown. During one part of the experiment, I had to heat a cell to a temperature of 70 °C and record its voltage in 15 degree increments until the temperature reached 10 °C.
The cell I am using to perform this step on is represented by the equation:
$\ce{Zn + Sn^2+ -> Zn^2+ + Sn}$
After performing the procedure, I’m getting concerned that my data may be inaccurate. Theoretically, I was using 0.1 M concentrations of each solution in the cells. According to the Nernst equation, it seems that the voltage or potential of the cell should not be affected by a change in temperature if the concentrations are equal because $\ln(0.1/0.1) = 0$.
However, according to my professor, I should be seeing a linear relationship when I plot $\Delta G$, calculated from the voltage measurements I took, vs the temperature in K.
My question is, theoretically, what should happen to the voltage as I heat the cell, assuming that the concentrations of the solutions were off? I’ve calculated the $\Delta S$ value based on the standard values listed for these entities and I’m getting a value of −85.18 J/(K mol).
Calculation: $\Delta S = (-112.1 + 51.55) - (41.63 + -17.0) = -85.18\ \mathrm{J/(mol\ K)}$
Based off of this result, it would appear that the slope of this plot must come out to be a positive value because $m = - \Delta S$. Does this mean that I should be seeing an increase in voltage as temperature decreases? Regarding the $\Delta H$ of this reaction, which is represented by the Y-intercept (b) of the equation of the best fit line for my data, it appears I must also have a negative value of −145090 (in units of J) based upon the calculation I did for this, also using standard values.
Calculation: $\Delta H = (-153.89 + 0) - (0 + -8.8) = -145.09\ \mathrm{kJ/mol}$
I’ve tried to be as detailed as possible in describing by question, and hopefully it makes sense. I’m just getting confused on what the data should look like. Unfortunately, its not possible for me to redo the experiment. Please note that this is for my own understanding, I will not submit the assignment with fixed data. I appreciate any assistance that anyone can offer me.