Per the comments above, the old rotors you wiped down may be contaminating the new pads or vice versa. Your best bet is to replace both, and wipe down all the other relevant parts (e.g. brake caliper housing) with something like rubbing alcohol before trying to put the new pads and rotors on.
If you're really set on reusing the existing rotors, I'd recommend take them off and wash with hot slightly soapy water until "squeaky" clean, then rinse thoroughly with very hot water. Allow them to dry, then wipe thoroughly with clean paper towel wetted with rubbing alcohol as a final step. Allow to dry again. Do not directly touch the braking surface again after doing this.
I've found rubbing alcohol works well for rotors and the surface of pads because it cuts small amounts of grease nicely (e.g. the tiny bit left over after the above soapy water process), and evaporates very quickly (hence the cold fealing you get when you spill it on your hands), and leaves no residue after evaporating. It's also nice & cheap, and readily available at all pharmacies and most grocery stores.
However, it's not magic: the oil contamination in the porous pads probably can't be reliably cleaned out without BBQ'ing them per filimonic's answer above.
Addendum: If you're REALLY hell bent on keeping the current rotors and the above process doesn't work, you can investigate the method colloquially known as Disco Inferno in which you cover them in rubbing alcohol or some other flammable item that leaves little residue after burning, and light them on fire, burning off the contaminants. Proceed with caution.