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I know that the thesis is needed when doing their master. But do people still need to write a thesis when doing research as a past-time?

What if they just want to publish an article but not thesis?

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    I am not really sure what you are asking about. Theses are only written as part of the requirements of a degree (essentially by definition), so why would one write one in other situations? Commented Mar 16, 2019 at 6:43
  • So thesis is not actually required for other situations? Commented Mar 16, 2019 at 7:40
  • Why would it be? Who would require it? Commented Mar 16, 2019 at 7:41
  • Thesis is only required to earn an academic degree. If you already have a degree, or are doing research without one, you would not produce a paper, not a(nother) thesis. Many grad students "double dip", using the same work for both a thesis (to get the master's or PhD) and an article.
    – cag51
    Commented Mar 16, 2019 at 9:25
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    What other situations? This is so vague it could mean job application or buying groceries. Please clarify what exactly you mean, what's the context of your question.
    – user68958
    Commented Mar 16, 2019 at 15:43

2 Answers 2

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No, people don't have to write theses after the Masters/PhD. The thesis is a formal requirement for those degrees, but after that, it's just not necessary anymore.

Actual research papers, though ... those are effectively "compulsory".

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    The are "compulsory" only if you want a career in academia. Otherwise not at all.
    – Buffy
    Commented Mar 16, 2019 at 10:04
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    ...except for habilitation theses, which are post-doctoral theses required for certain academic positions in several (mostly European) countries.
    – JeffE
    Commented Mar 17, 2019 at 8:47
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I am not sure in which academic system the other answerer works, but yes, theses are actually required after the PhD sometimes. A categorical answer like this makes little sense and would probably benefit from a broadened point of view. For example, the habilitation, which one obtains after the PhD, requires a thesis in many countries (Germany, France...).

However they are not required to publish articles. Even students who have never written a thesis can publish articles, if their research is good enough.

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