In Windows 7, open Explorer and paste "Control Panel\Appearance and Personalization\Personalization" into the address bar. Then click on Windows Color (the 2nd of 4 items along the bottom of the screen). The "Window Color and Appearance" box will then appear.
Under "Item", select "Icon". You don't need to touch the icon size. In the bottom row, however, you can select what is in your opinion the most readable font available on your system, and set it to a size you can read easily from a comfortable distance.
My own choice, if you want to try it out, is "Segoe UI Semibold" in 14 point.
Windows 10 may not have this functionality, or may work differently.
NB: Using a Windows Classic theme will make your UI look like Windows XP. Which is pretty cool, actually, because you can pick all your colours and fonts to your taste, and appreciate anew XP's neat, classic look.
NB, also: The "Window Color and Appearance" box can be used to change the size and colour of just about anything on your computer. However, it's a little weird to use. Rules to bear in mind (which took me a very long time to figure out):
- "Disabled Item" and "Menus fonts" are always the same.
- Colours of "3D Objects" and "Caption Buttons" symbols are always the same.
- Font colours of "Message Box" and "Window" are always the same, and their font settings also apply to "3D Objects" and possibly your browser's address and search bars.
- Changing the "3D Objects" background settings resets just about everything else ("Application Background", "Disabled Item", "Inactive Title bar", and "Menu color"), so if you want to change the "3D Objects" settings, do that FIRST.