There is a lot of literature about how to measure the quality of a hire. All I want to do is ask a simple yes/no question
There IS a lot of literature on job-performance measurement. And, I expect, none of it will ever suggest that one yes/no question will produce accurate or useable results.
Even companies who perform elaborate, time-consuming "360 reviews" every year for every employee can't consistently and uniformly produce truly useable results. They're usually just a theatrical exercise done by HR to justify raises and promotions that are entirely based on other criteria.
The best thing you can do is to have an honest discussion with one or two trusted employee's that have worked with the person in question. Make it clear you are trying to get a picture of the person's job performance and you want to assess their fit to the organization. You will find that it's always more complex (and more interesting) than a yes/no result can give you.